• reigning emperor. The title is named in Chinese as Taishang Huang (Chinese: 太上皇; pinyin: tàishàng huáng; Wade–Giles: T'ai4-shang4 Huang2). The title originated...
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    Duowei History. "另一"太上皇"陈云赞军队六四镇压". Canyu. Archived from the original on December 4, 2014.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) "太上皇纷纷亮相,足见中共内斗惨烈 (林保华)"...
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    also elevated Laozi's parents to the ranks of "Innately Supreme Emperor" (先天太上皇, Xiāntiān Tàishàng Huáng) and "Innate Empress" (先天太后, Xiāntiān Tàihòu). In...
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    next three years, he held the title Taishang Huang (or Emperor Emeritus; 太上皇) even though he continued to hold on to power and the Jiaqing Emperor ruled...
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  • Emperor Gao (高皇帝 劉邦; 256–195 BC), third son Retired Empress, of the Li clan (太上皇后 李氏), formerly a concubine Liu Jiao, Prince Yuan of Chu (楚元王 劉交; d. 179 BC)...
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  • Taesangwang McCune–Reischauer T'aesangwang Taesanghwang Hangul 태상황 Hanja 太上皇 Revised Romanization Taesanghwang McCune–Reischauer T'aesanghwang Sangwang...
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    throne to him, and gave Emperor Hui the honorific title of retired emperor (太上皇). In order to appease those who might be angry at his usurpation, he rewarded...
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  • ISBN 978-7-101-02512-5. History of Ming, Volume 11:〔正統十四年〕九月癸未,王即皇帝位,遙尊皇帝為太上皇帝,以明年為景泰元年。 Li, Chongzhi (December 2004). 中國歷代年號考 [Zhongguo Lidai Nianhao...
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    2015. Retrieved March 12, 2015. Fang, Bing (August 5, 2014). 专家:习近平反腐目标—打垮太上皇架构 (in Chinese). Voice of America. Archived from the original on March 3,...
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    as the Jingtai Emperor. He also declared his brother as Taishang Huang (太上皇, 'Emperor Emeritus'), a title that was higher in rank but only honorary....
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