related and have been promoted to phyla in their own right. The term Aschelminth is now generally only used as an informal name for any member of the...

Cleavage patterns & (1997). Ruppert, E.E (1991). "Introduction to the aschelminth phyla: A consideration of mesoderm, body cavities, and cuticle". In Harrison...

that a thick cuticle with repetitive pattern is characteristic of some aschelminth groups, but of virtually no other extant animals apart from arthropods...

Ricci C, Melone G (1996). "A cladistic analysis of pseudocoelomate (aschelminth) morphology". Invertebrate Biology. 115 (2): 104–112. doi:10.2307/3227041...

Platyhelminthes. Before the cladistic era, most gnathiferans were regarded as aschelminths, a grouping now recognized as polyphyletic. Chaetognaths exhibit numerous...

rotifers, polychaetes, nematodes and some groups of platyhelminthes, aschelminths and gnathostomulids. Nematodes seem to encourage development of Beggiatoa...