citations, where a person may be charged with a criminal or non-criminal infraction without the need of a physical arrest, such as in cases of non-violent...

Enamel infractions are microcracks seen within the dental enamel of a tooth. They are commonly the result of dental trauma to the brittle enamel, which...

Freiberg disease, also known as a Freiberg infraction, is a form of avascular necrosis in the metatarsal bone of the foot. It generally develops in the...

ordinance offense or civil offense or noncriminal offense or municipal infraction or infraction is the infringement of a city ordinance. A municipal offense is...

Copyright infringement (at times referred to as piracy) is the use of works protected by copyright without permission for a usage where such permission...

A myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops in one of the coronary arteries of the heart...

penalty is used to refer both to an infraction and the penal consequence of that infraction. A foul is a rule infraction (e.g. offensive holding) for which...

municipal laws or ordinances, with most minor violations classified as infractions, civil charges or criminal charges. The classification of the charge...

leagues recognize several common varieties of penalties, as well as common infractions. The statistic used to track penalties is called "penalty minutes" and...

A parking violation is the act of parking a motor vehicle in a restricted place or in an unauthorized manner. It is against the law virtually everywhere...