In the mathematical domain of graph theory, a bidirected graph (introduced by Edmonds & Johnson 1970) is a graph in which each edge is given an independent...

signed graph is a generalization of the oriented incidence matrix. It is the incidence matrix of any bidirected graph that orients the given signed graph. The...

fixed points. Skew-symmetric graphs are identical to the double covering graphs of bidirected graphs. Skew-symmetric graphs were first introduced under...

"bidirected" and such graphs are sometimes called "bidirected", but this conflicts with the meaning for bidirected graphs.) Simple directed graphs are...

the two variables have an unobserved or latent common cause) then a bidirected arc is drawn between them. Thus, the presence of latent variables is taken...

acyclic graph. Ancestral graphs are mixed graphs used with three kinds of edges: directed edges, drawn as an arrow from one vertex to another, bidirected edges...

Sequence graph, also called an alignment graph, breakpoint graph, or adjacency graph, are bidirected graphs used in comparative genomics. The structure...

undirected graphs. Signed digraphs should not be confused with oriented signed graphs. The latter are bidirected graphs, not directed graphs (except in...

algorithm, and uses bidirected edges. A generalization of the same technique can also be used to find maximum independent sets in claw-free graphs. More elaborate...

generalizing Bayesian and Markov networks. An ancestral graph is a further extension, having directed, bidirected and undirected edges. Random field techniques...