Botiala (Somali: Butiyaalo), also known as Bottiala or Bandar Kor, is an archaeological site in the northeastern Bari region of Puntland. Botiala is located...

this era. Additionally, Qandala is coextensive with the ancient town of Botiala. The latter settlement features an old fortress complex, which overlooks...

Hourglasses were used on Somali ships for timekeeping. Botiala – In ancient times, the port city of Botiala transported goods such as aromatic woods, gum and...

for preservation at the British National Museum. Architecture of Somalia Botiala Essina Gondershe Hafun Hannassa Heis Malao Mosylon Opone Qandala Sarapion...

rows of standing stones. These menhirs are similar to those at Heis and Botiala. Along with Macajilayn, Salweyn is also the only local site where specialized...

Additionally, around 200 stone monuments (taalos) are found in the northeastern Botiala site, most of which consist of cairns. There are a number of rows of standing...

ancient cinnamon and Indian spice trade. Avalites Botiala – In ancient times, the port city of Botiala transported goods such as aromatic woods, gum and...

Abasa, Awdal Ambohimanga Antongona Armale Aw Garweyne Booco Boon, Awdal Botiala Damala Hagare Damo, Somalia El Ayo El Buh El Dahir Fiqi Aadan Galgala Goan...

Mundus, Mosylon, Malao, Nikon, Sarapion, Mudun, Damo, Miandi, Qandala, Botiala, Essina, Bosaso, Gondershe, Hannassa, Salweyn, Bulhar and Merca Macrobian...

luxuries. Other notable proto-Somali city-states included Avalite, Bulhar, Botiala, Essina, Damo, Hannassa, Sarapion, Nikon, Toniki, Gondal, Macajilayn, Salweyn...