The Ruhnama, or Rukhnama, translated into English as Book of the Soul, is a two volume work written by Saparmurat Niyazov, the president of Turkmenistan...

of the week to references of his autobiography the Ruhnama. He made it mandatory to read the Ruhnama in schools, universities and governmental organizations;...

Turkmenistan State Anthem" in RealAudio Ruhnama - Songs and Video Clips (archive link) - This website dedicated to the Ruhnama features a page with a vocal version...

were chosen according to Turkmen national symbols, as described in the Ruhnama, a book written by Saparmurat Niyazov, Turkmenistan's first and only president...

the Ruhnama (The Book of the Soul), Nyýazow's 'pseudo-spiritual guide to life' are built into the walls. It has outraged many Muslims that the Ruhnama is...

Niyazov since he also controlled access to the natural resources. His book, Ruhnama (or Rukhnama, 2001 and 2004), which was revered in Turkmenistan almost...

personality cult, and knowledge of the Ruhnama was required even for obtaining a driver's license. Quotations from the Ruhnama are inscribed on the walls of the...

special monument to former President Saparmurat Niyazov's magnum opus, Ruhnama. The memorial complex in Bekrewe includes a statue of a bull with the Earth...

socialism Islamic socialism Jamahiriya Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung Ruhnama Secular religion Vandewalle, Dirk (2018). Libya since Independence: Oil...

etymology, although he altered the meaning of the words, writing in his Ruhnama that, rather than "Muslim Turk", it meant "made of light": [The Turkmen...