Sporadic E (abbreviated Es or SpE) is an uncommon form of radio propagation using a low level of the Earth's ionosphere that normally does not refract...

infinite family of groups Sporadic disease, any of several diseases Sporadic E propagation, an unusual form of radio propagation occasionally allowing long-distance...

sporadic E propagation enables long-distance contacts spanning up to 2,500 kilometres (1,600 mi) for single-hop propagation. Multiple-hop sporadic E propagation...

result of skywave propagation, a signal from a distant AM broadcasting station, a shortwave station, or – during sporadic E propagation conditions (principally...

many FM operators.[citation needed] Another form of VHF propagation is called Sporadic E propagation. This is a phenomenon whereby radio signals are reflected...

to only cover a relatively confined service area, the sporadic long-distance signal propagation was seen as a nuisance, especially by station management...

The phenomenon is rare compared to other forms of propagation (such as sporadic E propagation, or E-skip) but can reflect signals thousands of miles beyond...

radio-aurora is followed by Auroral-E, which resembles both propagation types in some ways. Sporadic E (Es) propagation occurs on HF and VHF bands. It must...

offers useful short to medium range groundwave propagation, day or night. Due to Sporadic E propagation during the late spring and most of the summer,...

propagation mechanisms via the F2 ionospheric layer normally seen at high frequency (HF) which occasionally appear in 6 meters. However, sporadic E propagation...