Radiative forcing (or climate forcing) is a concept used in climate science to quantify the change in energy balance in Earth's atmosphere. Various factors...

cloud-free conditions, is described as cloud forcing, cloud radiative forcing (CRF) or cloud radiative effect (CRE) At the top of the atmosphere, it...

by smaller forcing values. Forcings from such investigations have also been analyzed and reported at decadal time scales. Radiative forcing leads to long-term...

greenhouse gas lifetimes, radiative efficiencies and metrics (PDF), IPCC, 2021, p. 7SM-24. National Research Council (2005). Radiative Forcing of Climate Change:...

: 82  Methane's radiative forcing (RF) of climate is direct,: 2  and it is the second largest contributor to human-caused climate forcing in the historical...

increase in GHGs will slow down the rate of radiative cooling to space, i.e. produce a radiative forcing until a saturation point is reached. At steady...

reflect incoming solar radiation, resulting in a net increase in radiative forcing. In 1992, this warming effect was estimated between 3.5 mW/m2 and...

radiation with the surface and limit radiative heat flow away from it, which reduces the overall rate of upward radiative heat transfer.: 139  The increased...

on Monte Carlo methods in probability density function analysis of radiative forcing. Monte Carlo methods are used in various fields of computational biology...

Winker, D.; Stevens, B. (1 November 2019). "Bounding Global Aerosol Radiative Forcing of Climate Change". Reviews of Geophysics. 58 (1): e2019RG000660....