some phonological peculiarities that cause some theorists to regard them as a separate layer of Japanese vocabulary. Called kango (漢語) in Japanese, words...

Gairaigo (外来語, Japanese pronunciation: [ɡaiɾaiɡo]) is Japanese for "loan word", and indicates a transcription into Japanese. In particular, the word usually...

romanization of Japanese is the use of Latin script to write the Japanese language. This method of writing is sometimes referred to in Japanese as rōmaji (ローマ字...

Japanese pitch accent (高低アクセント, kōtei akusento) is a feature of the Japanese language that distinguishes words by accenting particular morae in most Japanese...

extensive waves of Sino-Japanese vocabulary entered the language, affecting the phonology of Early Middle Japanese. Late Middle Japanese (1185–1600) saw extensive...

vowels and long consonants. (See Early Middle Japanese: Phonological developments for details.) Sino-Japanese words are almost exclusively nouns, of which...

standard widely used inside and outside Japan. The Kunrei-shiki system has a better correspondence with Japanese phonology, which makes it easier for native...

including on Japanese banknotes and postage stamps. Nihon is typically used in everyday speech and reflects shifts in Japanese phonology during the Edo...

training Japanese subjects to improve their perception of /r/ and /l/. Lively et al. (1994) found that monolingual Japanese speakers in Japan could increase...

The earliest attested form of the language, Old Japanese, dates to the 8th century. Japanese phonology is characterized by a relatively small number of...