The history of logic deals with the study of the development of the science of valid inference (logic). Formal logics developed in ancient times in India...

Mathematical logic is the study of formal logic within mathematics. Major subareas include model theory, proof theory, set theory, and recursion theory...

Modal logic is a kind of logic used to represent statements about necessity and possibility. It plays a major role in philosophy and related fields as...

Logic programming is a programming, database and knowledge representation paradigm based on formal logic. A logic program is a set of sentences in logical...

calculus is a branch of logic. It is also called (first-order) propositional logic, statement logic, sentential calculus, sentential logic, or sometimes zeroth-order...

In logic and formal semantics, term logic, also known as traditional logic, syllogistic logic or Aristotelian logic, is a loose name for an approach to...

In logic and the philosophy of logic, specifically in deductive reasoning, a rule of inference, inference rule or transformation rule is a logical form...

First-order logic—also called predicate logic, predicate calculus, quantificational logic—is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy...

Logic is the study of correct reasoning. It includes both formal and informal logic. Formal logic is the study of deductively valid inferences or logical...

In logic, a three-valued logic (also trinary logic, trivalent, ternary, or trilean, sometimes abbreviated 3VL) is any of several many-valued logic systems...