The privileges of the szlachta (Poland's nobility) formed a cornerstone of "Golden Liberty" in the Kingdom of Poland (before 1569) and, later, in the...

the nobility was based on several privileges, granted by the Grand Dukes: In 1387 the Grand Duke of Lithuania, Jogaila, newly crowned King of Poland, granted...

descendants. Poland's successive kings granted privileges to the nobility upon their election to the throne – the privileges having been specified in the king-elect's...

Lithuanian customary law, Old Slavic customary law, as well as the nobility privileges in Poland, Magdeburg Rights, international treaties and royal charters...

The minor or petty nobility is the lower nobility classes. Petty nobility in Finland is dated at least back to the 13th century and was formed by nobles...

Junkers were the landed nobility of Prussia and eastern Germany. Landadel were the landed nobility of the Holy Roman Empire. In Poland, szlachta were usually...

dynasty would continue on the throne. He would need to issue more privileges to the nobility to secure the guarantee that upon his death, one of his sons would...

The Russian nobility or dvoryanstvo (Russian: дворянство) arose in the Middle Ages. In 1914, it consisted of approximately 1,900,000 members, out of a...

direct temporal power in the Papal States, and many titles of papal nobility were derived from fiefs with territorial privileges attached. During this...

for example in pre-revolutionary France, enjoying fiscal and other privileges. While noble status formerly conferred significant privileges in most jurisdictions...