A combinatorial map is a combinatorial representation of a graph on an orientable surface. A combinatorial map may also be called a combinatorial embedding...

overlapping edges Planar graph, a graph drawn on a planar surface Maps of manifolds Combinatorial map, a representation of a topological subdivision of the plane...

means of stereographic projection. Plane graphs can be encoded by combinatorial maps or rotation systems. An equivalence class of topologically equivalent...

of here as a 1-dimensional cell complex) a combinatorial map is a continuous map f : Γ → Γ such that: The map f takes vertices to vertices. For every edge...

generalized map is a topological model which allows one to represent and to handle subdivided objects. This model was defined starting from combinatorial maps in...

In combinatorial mathematics, rotation systems (also called combinatorial embeddings or combinatorial maps) encode embeddings of graphs onto orientable...

the term combinatorial proof is often used to mean either of two types of mathematical proof: A proof by double counting. A combinatorial identity is...

theorem, or the four color map theorem, states that no more than four colors are required to color the regions of any map so that no two adjacent regions...

complexity. Quad-edge data structure Doubly linked face list Winged edge Combinatorial map Muller, D. E.; Preparata, F. P. (1978). "Finding the Intersection...

Discrete geometry and combinatorial geometry are branches of geometry that study combinatorial properties and constructive methods of discrete geometric...