effective nuclear charge is the actual amount of positive (nuclear) charge experienced by an electron in a multi-electron atom. The term "effective"...

tightly by the nucleus and the ionization energy will be smaller. Effective nuclear charge (Zeff): If the magnitude of electron shielding and penetration...

electron. The shielding effect can be defined as a reduction in the effective nuclear charge on the electron cloud, due to a difference in the attraction forces...

period while moving from left to right, which in turn increases the effective nuclear charge. The increase in attractive forces reduces the atomic radius of...

values for the effective nuclear charge in a many-electron atom. Each electron is said to experience less than the actual nuclear charge, because of shielding...

by anti-submarine homing torpedoes. A depth charge fitted with a nuclear warhead is also known as a "nuclear depth bomb". These were designed to be dropped...

The atomic number or nuclear charge number (symbol Z) of a chemical element is the charge number of an atomic nucleus. For ordinary nuclei composed of...

effective nuclear charge the most loosely held electron feels. Since the outermost electron of alkali metals always feels the same effective nuclear charge...

effective nuclear charge of the element than on its hardness. This explains why the early transition metals, whose electronegativities and effective nuclear...

electrons, where the effective nuclear charge can be estimated as the same as that for hydrogen, since all but one of the nuclear charges have been screened...