Ferdinand VII (Spanish: Fernando VII; 14 October 1784 – 29 September 1833) was King of Spain during the early 19th century. He reigned briefly in 1808...

the Battle of San Marcial in August 1813. After the restoration of Ferdinand VII he continued in the army, and is said to have made a careful study of...

constitution's liberal principles and the absolutism personified by the rule of Ferdinand VII, who repealed the 1812 Constitution for the first time in 1814, only...

Napoleonic government was opposed by various regions remaining loyal to Ferdinand VII of the old Bourbon kingdom, which formed a series of Juntas allied with...

continued to reign from 1814 to 1868 (following the restoration of Ferdinand VII), from 1874 to 1931, and since 1975. The last few years of the rule...

absolutist "reformist" government that supposedly had "kidnapped" King Ferdinand VII. The insurrectionists, mostly peasants and artisans, mobilized between...

produce official portraits and paintings for the courts of Charles IV and Ferdinand VII, Goya's middle period is also notable for print series that satirize...

Década Ominosa) is a term for the last ten years of the reign of King Ferdinand VII of Spain, dating from the abolition of the Spanish Constitution of 1812...

Maria Josepha Amalia of Saxony, the third wife of King Ferdinand VII of Spain, died. Ferdinand VII, old and ill, had not sired a male heir, sparking a succession...

Spanish Americans, nor was it necessarily inevitable. At the end of 1810, Ferdinand VII of Spain, captive, was recognized by the Cortes of Cádiz and by the...