there were the port bagnes (or maritime bagnes). Not all convicts in the penal system were sentenced to forced labor. The word "bagne" comes from the Italian...
42 KB (4,417 words) - 19:52, 26 August 2024
continued until 1873, when the last bagne in France (as opposed to the bagnes relocated to French Guiana), the bagne of Toulon, closed definitively. In...
18 KB (2,230 words) - 19:49, 7 September 2024
Toulon (category CS1 German-language sources (de))
Victor Hugo's Les Misérables. It is the location of the infamous prison, the bagne of Toulon, in which the protagonist Jean Valjean spends nineteen years in...
41 KB (4,336 words) - 11:41, 3 September 2024