ftocused defending Kiev against the Pechenegs, Tsar Peter I of Bulgaria sent a new embassy to Byzantium, a visit that was recorded by the Liutprand of Cremona...

California Press. p. 66. ISBN 978-0520049987. El-Cheikh, Nadia Maria (2004). Byzantium Viewed by the Arabs. Harvard CMES. pp. 95, 132 n. 40. ISBN 978-0-932885-30-2...

The reconstituted caliphate sought to break Byzantium by taking Constantinople, but the newly crowned Leo III managed to repel the 717–718 siege, the...

tombstones, under the leadership of a certain Leo in 340 BC, against an attack by Philip II of Macedon. Byzantium was relatively unimportant during the early...

Leo Sgouros (Greek: Λέων Σγουρός), Latinized as Leo Sgurus, was a Greek independent lord in the northeastern Peloponnese in the early 13th century. The...

University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-2630-6. Van Tricht, Filip (2011). "The Imperial Ideology". The Latin Renovatio of Byzantium: The Empire of Constantinople (1204–1228)...

1201–1204. University of Pennsylvania Press. Van Tricht, Filip (2011). The Latin Renovatio of Byzantium: The Empire of Constantinople (1204–1228). Leiden:...

very probably that Kayqubad and his brother Kaykaus I, who both spent considerable time in Byzantium with their father, had the same dual religious (Christian...

of Byzantium. Malden: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4443-5997-8. Kaldellis 2017, p. 41. Treadgold 1997, pp. 498–499. Whittow 1996, pp. 348–349. Leo the...

Norwich, John J. (1991). Byzantium: The Apogee. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. ISBN 0-394-53779-3. Sophoulis, Panos (2011). Byzantium and Bulgaria, 775–831. Brill...