religion. However, the 1905 law did not use the word laïcité itself, and so the notion of laïcité as a legal principle is open to question, as it was never...

In Turkey, secularism or laicism (see laïcité) was first introduced with the 1928 amendment of the Constitution of 1924, which removed the provision declaring...

larger trend toward long-term adoption of secularism. The principle of Laïcité, the French notion of strict separation, was enshrined into law in 1905...

The Act respecting the laicity of the State (French: Loi sur la laïcité de l'État), introduced and commonly referred to as Bill 21 or Law 21, is a statute...

with French secularism or "laïcité ". Jacques Chirac established the commission to reflect upon the principle of laïcité and its application in France...

(2016-2019), unknown (2019-2021) The YRL advocate republicanism, insisting on laïcité (secularism), and positioning them against the idea of affirmative action...

role in excluding religious visibility from the public domain. The term laïcité was coined in 1871 by French educator and later Nobel Peace Prize laureate...

Former President Nicolas Sarkozy criticised "negative laïcité" and talked about a "positive laïcité" that recognizes the contribution of faith to French...

de Brouwer. p. 118. La Laïcité au cœur de la République. Éditions L'Harmattan. 2003. pp. 15–17. ISBN 2-7475-5716-2. La Laïcité au cœur de la République...

2023. "Etat des lieux de la laïcité en France - 2021" (PDF) (official statistics) (in French). Observatoire de la laïcité, Government of France. p. 37...