Overview of the events of 1950 in science
Operating room in Milan in 1950 The year 1950 in science and technology included some significant events.
Astronomy and space sciences [ edit ] March 2 – James W. Pennebaker , American social psychologist . March 5 – Henry Marsh , English neurosurgeon . March 18 – Linda Partridge , English biogerontologist . May 16 – Georg Bednorz , German physicist, Nobel Prize in physics 1987. June 8 – Stanley J. Korsmeyer (died 2005 ), American cell biologist . July 4 – Steven Sasson , American electrical engineer . October 21 – Ronald McNair (died on mission 1986 ), African American physicist and astronaut . November 1 – Robert B. Laughlin , American physicist, Nobel prize in physics 1998. November 3 – James Rothman , American cell biologist , Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013. November 22 – Eva-Maria Neher , née Ruhr, German biochemist . December 13 – Julia Slingo , English meteorologist . December 27 – Joe Armstrong (died 2019 ), English computer scientist. December 28 – Frank Kelly , British mathematician. ^ Oort, Jan (1950). "The structure of the cloud of comets surrounding the Solar System and a hypothesis concerning its origin". Bulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands . 11 : 91–110. Bibcode :1950BAN....11...91O . ^ Jones, Eric M. (March 1985). " "Where is everybody?": An account of Fermi's question" (PDF) . Los Alamos technical report. ^ Bassham, J.; Benson, A.; Calvin, M. (1950). "The path of carbon in photosynthesis" (PDF) . Journal of Biological Chemistry . 185 (2): 781–7. doi :10.2172/910351 . PMID 14774424 . Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-02-19. Retrieved 2011-06-10 . ^ Thompson, S. G.; Street, Jr. K.; Ghiorso, A.; Seaborg, G. T. (1950). "Element 98" . Physical Review . 78 (3): 298. Bibcode :1950PhRv...78..298T . doi :10.1103/PhysRev.78.298.2 . ^ Thompson, S. G.; Street, Jr. K.; Ghiorso, A.; Seaborg, G. T. (1950). "The New Element Californium (Atomic Number 98)" (PDF) . Physical Review . 80 (5): 790. Bibcode :1950PhRv...80..790T . doi :10.1103/PhysRev.80.790 . ^ Street, K. Jr.; Thompson, S. G.; Seaborg, G. T. (1950). "Chemical Properties of Californium" (PDF) . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 72 (10): 4832. doi :10.1021/ja01166a528 . hdl :2027/mdp.39015086449173 . Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-01-19. Retrieved 2012-03-17 . ^ Shannon, Claude E. (March 1950). "Programming a Computer for Playing Chess" (PDF) . Philosophical Magazine . 41 (314): 256–75. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-07-06. Retrieved 2012-01-20 . ^ Hamming, R. W. (April 1950). "Error detecting and error correcting codes" (PDF) . Bell System Technical Journal . 29 (2): 147–160. doi :10.1002/j.1538-7305.1950.tb00463.x . hdl :10945/46756 . Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-10-15. Retrieved 2012-05-12 . ^ O'Connor, J. J.; Robertson, E. F. (January 2012). "Richard Wesley Hamming" . MacTutor History of Mathematics archive . University of St Andrews . Retrieved 2012-05-12 . ^ Turing, A. M. (October 1950). "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" . Mind . 59 (236): 433–60. doi :10.1093/mind/LIX.236.433 . Archived from the original on 2008-07-02. Retrieved 2011-11-28 . ^ Epstein, Robert; Roberts, Gary; Beber, Grace, eds. (2009). Parsing the Turing Test: Philosophical and Methodological Issues in the Quest for the Thinking Computer . New York: Kluwer. ISBN 978-1-4020-6708-2 . ^ Osborne, M. J. (2004), An Introduction to Game Theory , Oxford University Press, p. 23 ^ Nash, J. F. (1950). "Equilibrium Points in N-person Games" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 36 (1): 48–9. Bibcode :1950PNAS...36...48N . doi :10.1073/pnas.36.1.48 . MR 0031701 . PMC 1063129 . PMID 16588946 . . ^ Nash, J. F. (1950). "The Bargaining Problem". Econometrica . 18 (2): 155–62. doi :10.2307/1907266 . JSTOR 1907266 . MR 0035977 . . ^ Poundstone, William (1992). Prisoner's Dilemma . New York: Doubleday. ISBN 978-0385415675 . ^ Petechuk, David (2006). Organ transplantation . Greenwood. p. 11 . ISBN 978-0-313-33542-6 . kidney transplant ruth tucker. ^ Barrett, N. R. (October 1950). "Chronic Peptic Ulcer of the Œsophagus and 'Œsophagitis' ". British Journal of Surgery . 38 (150): 175–82. doi :10.1002/bjs.18003815005 . PMID 14791960 . S2CID 72315839 . ^ Cutbush, M.; Mollison, P.L.; Parkin, D.M. (1950-02-04). "A New Human Blood Group". Nature . 165 (4188): 188–189. Bibcode :1950Natur.165..188C . doi :10.1038/165188b0 . S2CID 4265241 . ^ Ward, J. C. (1950). "An identity in quantum electrodynamics". Physical Review . 78 (2): 182. Bibcode :1950PhRv...78..182W . doi :10.1103/PhysRev.78.182 . ^ "C.B.S. Color Video Starts Nov. 20; Adapters Needed by Present Sets". The New York Times . 1950-10-12. p. 1. ^ Slotten, Hugh Richard (2000). Radio and Television Regulation: Broadcast Technology in the United States 1920–1960 . JHU Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-6450-6 . ^ "The Greatest Canadian Invention" . CBC Television . Archived from the original on October 30, 2010. ^ "Pocket Radio Pages Doctors Night Or Day" . Popular Science . January 1951.