2020 Jordanian general election

2020 Jordanian general election

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130 seats in the House of Representatives
65 seats needed for a majority
Turnout29.90%

General elections were held in Jordan on 10 November 2020 to elect the members of the nineteenth House of Representatives.[1][2] Voter turnout was just 30%, the lowest in a decade.[3]

The elections took place as the country was experiencing a surge in COVID-19 cases. As a result there were numerous calls on social media channels to boycott the elections, particularly as no alternatives to in-person voting were offered.[4][5] The country went into a four-day total lockdown following elections, starting at 23:00 on election day, an hour later than the originally-stated 22:00.[6][7] According to the Washington Post, "wealthy business executives and tribal independents dominated, while strong, reform-oriented members of parliament lost their seats."

Electoral system

[edit]

The 130 seats in the House of Representatives consist of 115 members elected by open list proportional representation from 23 constituencies of between three and nine seats in size and 15 seats reserved for women.[8] Nine of the 115 proportional representation seats are reserved for the Christian minority, with another three reserved for the Chechen and Circassian minorities.[8]

There were 15 seats reserved for women who received the most votes but failed to be elected on their list in each of the twelve governorates and the three Badia districts.[9]

Distribution of seats
District General Circassians/
Chechens
Christians Women Total
Ajloun 3 1 1 5
Amman 1 5 1 6
Amman 2 6 6
Amman 3 4 1 1 6
Amman 4 4 4
Amman 5 6 1 7
Aqaba 3 1 4
Balqa 8 2 1 11
Irbid 1 6 6
Irbid 2 4 1 5
Irbid 3 3 1 4
Irbid 4 5 5
Jerash 4 1 5
Karak 8 2 1 11
Ma'an 4 1 5
Madaba 3 1 1 5
Mafraq 4 1 5
Tafilah 4 1 5
Zarqa 1 6 1 1 8
Zarqa 2 4 1 5
Bedouins of the North 3 1 4
Bedouins of the Center 3 1 4
Bedouins of the South 3 1 4
Total 103 3 9 15 130

Contesting parties

[edit]

A total of 294 party lists with 1,703 candidates contested the elections,[10] including the Islamic Action Front, an offshoot of the Muslim Brotherhood,[11] and the "Progressive" list, a coalition of socialist and nationalist parties including the Arab Ba'ath Progressive Party, Jordanian Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, Jordanian Communist Party, Jordanian Democratic People's Party and the Jordanian Democratic Popular Unity Party.

Conduct

[edit]

Polls opened at 07:00 and were supposed to close at 19:00. However the closing was extended by two hours, with the voting window totalling 14 hours.[12] The Independent Elections Commission has denied that the time extension was due to low turnout.[13]

Results

[edit]

According to the Washington Post, "wealthy business executives and tribal independents dominated, while strong, reform-oriented members of parliament lost their seats. Broader-based coalitions fared poorly. Less than 10 percent of the 130 members of the next parliament will be from political parties. The most influential opposition party, the IAF, lost almost half of its seats. No women were elected beyond the 15-seat quota allotted them, though five had done so in the last election. Only 15 percent of those elected are under 40".[14] A total of 1,387,711 votes have been cast, corresponding to a turnout of 30%, down from 36% in 2016.[15]

PartyVotes%Seats
Reform71,4435.338
Covenant56,1234.185
Justice50,9153.805
Fulfillment39,8822.976
People39,4072.943
Change36,6932.744
Homeland30,3542.261
Right30,0432.242
Dignity28,9642.166
Light26,5281.984
The Union26,5051.982
The Brave Ones25,8151.926
Cooperation25,6451.913
People of Determination23,5141.753
Banner21,8951.631
The Ambition21,5961.612
Determination20,4371.523
Accord19,3721.441
My Homeland18,5961.391
Glory17,9261.342
The Banner17,7381.321
The Charter14,1111.052
Balance12,9740.971
The Decision12,9670.973
Renaissance12,4020.921
Bright Future12,2660.911
Coming11,5580.861
Jordan Tomorrow11,1450.831
Popularity11,0120.821
Al-Rashid10,9880.822
Bravery10,5800.791
Blessing is my Home10,5790.791
Dawn10,1770.762
Knights10,1280.751
Mount Ajloun9,4020.701
National Reform9,3680.702
The Top9,3230.691
Stability9,2940.692
Jerusalem is Arab9,2750.692
Jerusalem9,1350.680
Holy Jerusalem8,6060.641
The Poor8,3420.621
Lemon8,2980.621
Renewal8,2240.611
The Elite8,1310.611
Knights of Balqa8,1130.601
Victory8,0010.601
Blessed Al-Aqsa7,9850.600
Pulse of Change7,9230.590
Thunder of the North7,8870.591
Sons of Mafraq7,7230.581
Brotherhood7,7150.582
Integration7,6520.571
Home for All7,5710.561
Together for Renewal7,5430.561
Back7,5160.560
The Job7,4290.550
Madaba7,4060.551
Goodness7,3190.551
Knights of Tomorrow7,3080.541
Jerash for All7,2920.540
Banner List7,2760.541
Honesty7,2760.540
Loyalty to the Homeland7,2450.540
Morning7,1500.531
Karak7,1380.531
Pure7,1150.530
The Flame6,9730.520
Solidarity6,7820.510
Sons of the Homeland6,5690.490
Badia Union6,5260.490
Sons of the Jordan Valley6,3280.471
Inspiration6,2810.470
The Lion6,2230.460
Glory of Balqa6,1680.461
Wall6,0990.450
Blessing6,0320.450
Young5,7180.430
Rescue5,6170.420
The Kenana5,6160.420
Zarqa Future5,5460.412
The Train5,4390.410
Future Amman5,3310.403
Irbid5,1940.390
National Unity5,1630.380
Future4,9830.371
People of Ambition4,9500.371
Progress4,8980.371
Elite4,8490.360
Success4,8140.360
Justice List4,8000.361
Both Banks4,6900.350
Youth of Accord4,6790.350
Arabism4,4630.330
Reform Bloc4,4330.330
Petra4,2770.322
Consensus4,2590.321
Lion-Prepared3,9790.300
Together3,9610.300
Belonging3,8530.290
Chivalry3,8420.291
Compatibility3,7460.280
Dhiban Brigade3,7130.280
Eye of the Homeland3,6840.270
Aqaba3,5650.270
Trust3,5590.270
Pride and Dignity3,2170.240
White3,1510.230
Milk Thread3,1000.230
Thread of Pride3,0400.230
Youth Authenticity3,0350.230
Knights of Jerusalem2,9860.220
Citizen2,9780.220
Unified2,9700.220
Reconcile Balqa2,7150.200
Homeland Shield2,6070.190
The Morning Hours2,6000.190
Achievement2,5250.190
The Knight2,3550.180
Our Future2,3000.170
Ears of Corn2,2750.170
Motherland2,2700.170
Al-Yarmuk2,2670.170
Al-Aqsa2,0090.150
The Voice of the True1,9660.150
Sons of Zarqa1,9530.150
Promise1,7570.130
Basmat Alruwishad1,5240.110
Equality1,4930.110
Shobak1,4040.100
Jordan Green1,3760.100
Shayhan1,2750.100
The New Approach1,2420.090
The Message1,2190.090
Growth1,1840.090
First1,1010.080
The Originals9890.070
Origin and Stability9080.070
Unit8960.070
National Movement8430.060
The Castle7610.060
The Call Amman7300.050
Aid7180.050
Shura6410.050
Zarqa Call5740.040
Initiative5460.040
Youth of the Future5380.040
It's Time5300.040
Progressive5040.040
Homeland Workers4760.040
National Direction4740.040
Tomorrow4620.030
Starch of change4610.030
My Dignity4500.030
Jordanian National3590.030
Divine Heroes3460.030
Yes we Can3450.030
National3190.020
Divine3190.020
The Brave Women3180.020
Youth of the Nation2850.020
People's Pulse2470.020
We Deserve1560.010
Block of Will1410.010
Dignity and Renewal1310.010
Arabic Appreciation1260.010
Nashamat Hauran1200.010
Justice and Development600.000
Youth Ambition290.000
Good News my Country280.000
Total1,341,585100.00130
Valid votes1,341,58596.68
Invalid/blank votes46,1263.32
Total votes1,387,711100.00
Registered voters/turnout4,640,64329.90
Source: Independent Election Commission[16]

By district

[edit]
Results by district
District Registered List Votes Seats
General Circassian/
Chechen
Christian Women
Ajloun 114,980 Al-Rashid 10,988 1 1
Cooperation 9,891 1 1
Mount Ajloun 9,402 1
Right 8,349
The Job 7,087
Milk Thread 3,100
Thread of Pride 3,040
Reform 1,482
The Brave Women 318
Young 253
Future 235
Dignity and Renewal 131
Renaissance 100
Change 23
Invalid votes 2,416
Amman 1 322,052 National Reform 9,368 1 1
Right 7,693 1
Knights of Tomorrow 7,308 1
Reform 6,369 1
Justice List 4,800 1
Goodness 3,953
Youth Authenticity 3,035
My Homeland 1,383
First 1,101
National Direction 256
Bravery 170
Renaissance 164
Jordanian National 50
Invalid votes 2,102
Amman 2 443,281 The Elite 8,131 1
Integration 7,652 1
Bravery 6,957 1
Reform 6,500 1
Dawn 5,655 1
Change 5,316 1
Cooperation 4,900
Coming 4,559
Arabism 4,463
Knights of Jerusalem 2,986
The New Approach 1,242
Renaissance 760
My Homeland 473
Equality 250
Jerusalem is Arab 249
Knights 222
The Banner 143
Justice and Development 27
Invalid votes 987
Amman 3 266,126 Coming 6,999 1
Future Amman 5,331 1 1 1
Progress 4,898 1
Reform 4,598 1
Together 3,961
My Homeland 1,770
It's Time 530
Progressive 504
Tomorrow 462
My Dignity 450
Youth of the Nation 285
Aid 262
National Direction 218
The Message 173
We Deserve 156
Equality 68
Justice and Development 33
Renaissance 28
Invalid votes 298
Amman 4 283,367 The Ambition 10,870 1
Homeland 10,544 1
Holy Jerusalem 8,606 1
People 8,076 1
Blessed Al-Aqsa 7,985
Reform 6,379
Both Banks 4,690
Justice 4,506
Citizen 2,978
Achievement 2,525
People of Determination 1,382
The Call Amman 730
The Brave Ones 676
Initiative 546
Homeland Workers 476
Future 95
Invalid votes 1,451
Amman 5 414,680 Reform 9,111 1 1
Banner 8,105 1
Banner List 7,276 1
Glory 7,150 1
Morning 7,150 1
Determination 7,147 1
People 6,522
Inspiration 6,281
Homeland 4,182
Promise 1,757
Homeland Shield 1,278
Equality 1,175
The Message 899
Invalid votes 2,678
Aqaba 63,891 Consensus 4,259 1
The Brave Ones 4,135 1 1
Chivalry 3,842 1
Aqaba 3,565
The Morning Hours 2,600
Motherland 2,270
Fulfillment 1,462
Unit 896
Divine 319
People's Pulse 247
Invalid votes 532
Balqa 335,921 Justice 11,173 1
Jordan Tomorrow 11,145 1
Blessing is my Home 10,579 1
Dignity 9,703 1 1 1
Fulfillment 8,470 1
Knights of Balqa 8,113 1
The Union 7,632 1
Together for Renewal 7,543 1
Back 7,516
Sons of the Homeland 6,569
Glory of Balqa 6,168 1
The Banner 6,018
Youth of Accord 4,679
Reform Bloc 4,433
Covenant 4,111
Reconcile Balqa 2,715
The Charter 2,008
Jordanian National 120
Invalid votes 3,154
Irbid 1 362,347 Justice 11,119 1
Covenant 10,849 1
People 10,396 1
Cooperation 10,085 1
Light 9,138 1
Balance 7,734 1
Pure 7,115
Reform 7,061
Wall 6,099
Jerusalem 5,221
Irbid 5,194
Elite 4,849
Homeland 3,577
National Movement 843
My Homeland 587
Invalid votes 3,320
Irbid 2 164,410 Justice 13,901 1 1
Popularity 11,012 1
The Ambition 10,726 1
The Poor 8,342 1
Pulse of Change 7,923
Covenant 5,941
Rescue 5,617
The Kenana 5,616
Al-Yarmuk 2,267
Nashamat Hauran 120
Youth Ambition 29
Invalid votes 3,092
Irbid 3 128,219 My Homeland 11,671 1
The Charter 9,094 1
Light 7,566 1 1
The Union 6,729
Change 4,281
Covenant 2,903
Our Future 2,300
Accord 2,275
Cooperation 769
Aid 456
Invalid votes 2,071
Irbid 4 186,766 Knights 9,906 1
Fulfillment 8,903 1
The Union 8,789 1
Lemon 8,298 1
Change 7,933 1
Honesty 7,276
The Lion 6,223
Blessing 6,032
Young 5,465
The Train 5,439
Belonging 3,853
My Homeland 264
Invalid votes 3,366
Jerash 122,493 People of Determination 13,127 1 1
Renaissance 10,653 1
Change 8,635 1
Home for All 7,571 1
Jerash for All 7,292
Right 5,949
Reform 5,584
National Unity 1,273
Invalid votes 2,211
Karak 188,801 Reform 10,625 1 1
The Banner 9,354 1
Stability 9,294 1 1
People of Determination 9,005 1
Victory 8,001 1
Karak 7,138 1
Dignity 6,867 1 1
Sons of the Jordan Valley 6,328 1
Banner 6,196
Solidarity 5,312
Accord 4,762
Right 3,984
Trust 3,559
Balance 2,690
The Knight 2,355
Homeland Shield 1,329
Shayhan 1,275
Growth 1,184
The Castle 761
Divine Heroes 346
Invalid votes 2,691
Ma'an 59,359 Covenant 5,155 1
Future 4,653 1
Petra 4,277 1 1
Dignity 4,026 1
The Union 3,355
Loyalty to the Homeland 2,528
Light 1,883
Homeland 1,590
Shobak 1,404
Invalid votes 926
Madaba 119,404 Madaba 7,406 1
Determination 6,802 1
Change 6,372 1
Fulfillment 4,900 1 1
National Unity 3,890
Dhiban Brigade 3,713
Pride and Dignity 3,217
Homeland 3,005
Accord 2,789
Reform 2,632
The Voice of the True 1,966
Solidarity 1,470
Success 1,165
Origin and Stability 908
My Homeland 295
Block of Will 141
Invalid votes 3,155
Mafraq 109,688 The Brave Ones 10,343 1
Jerusalem is Arab 9,026 1 1
Light 7,941 1
Sons of Mafraq 7,723 1
Homeland 7,456
Dignity 2,217
Change 1,370
Invalid votes 3,673
Tafilah 63,067 Covenant 4,417 1
The Brave Ones 4,215 1
Right 4,068 1
Goodness 3,366 1
White 3,151
The Charter 3,009 1
Balance 2,550
Ears of Corn 2,275
The Banner 2,223
Invalid votes 1,793
Zarqa 1 506,604 People 14,413 1
The Decision 12,967 1 1 1
Justice 10,216 1
The Top 9,323 1
Reform 8,687 1
Determination 6,488 1
Dignity 6,151
My Homeland 2,153
Al-Aqsa 2,009
Fulfillment 1,645
Jordan Green 769
Renaissance 697
Shura 641
Zarqa Call 574
Renewal 554
National 319
Jordanian National 189
The Message 147
Arabic Appreciation 126
Invalid votes 1,557
Zarqa 2 148,627 Covenant 6,285 1
Zarqa Future 5,546 1 1
Renewal 5,389 1
People of Ambition 4,950 1
Loyalty to the Homeland 4,717
Jerusalem 3,914
Eye of the Homeland 3,684
Reform 2,415
Sons of Zarqa 1,953
Jordan Green 607
The Job 342
Good News my Country 28
Invalid votes 1,775
Bedouins of the North 98,026 Accord 9,546 1
Thunder of the North 7,887 1
Brotherhood 7,715 1 1
Banner 7,594
The Flame 6,973
Badia Union 6,526
Lion-Prepared 3,979
Basmat Alruwishad 1,524
Covenant 1,341
Youth of the Future 538
Starch of change 461
Invalid votes 1,487
Bedouins of the Middle 64,666 The Brave Ones 6,446 1 1
Covenant 4,739 1
Dawn 4,522 1
Compatibility 3,746
Success 3,649
Bravery 3,453
Unified 2,970
Change 2,763
Renewal 2,281
The Originals 989
Yes we Can 345
Invalid votes 758
Bedouins of the South 73,868 Fulfillment 14,502 1 1
Bright Future 12,266 1
Glory 10,776 1
Covenant 10,382
Invalid votes 633

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan: Election for Majlis al-Nuwaab (Jordanian House of Deputies) IFES
  2. ^ "Jordan's elections explained in 500 words". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  3. ^ "نسبة الاقتراع النهائية 29.9% بعد إغلاق الصناديق في الانتخابات النيابية". قناة المملكة (in Arabic). Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  4. ^ "Jordan's elections explained in 500 words". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  5. ^ "Jordan votes amidst strict COVID-19 measures". Middle East Monitor. 10 November 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  6. ^ "Jordan holds parliamentary elections amid virus surge". AP News. 10 November 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  7. ^ "بدء 4 أيام من حظر التجول الشامل". قناة المملكة (in Arabic). Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  8. ^ a b Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan: Election for Majlis al-Nuwaab (Jordanian House of Deputies) 2016 IFES
  9. ^ Electoral System IPU
  10. ^ ""المستقلة": 294 قائمة و1703 مرشحين للانتخابات والأسماء تنشر الليلة". Alghad (in Arabic). 16 October 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  11. ^ "Jordan faces virus-era polls in crisis mode". France24. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  12. ^ "إقبال ضعيف على التصويت.. إغلاق صناديق الاقتراع بالانتخابات البرلمانية في الأردن". Al Jazeera (in Arabic). Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  13. ^ ""المستقلة للانتخاب": تمديد فترة التصويت مرتبط بكثافة الاقتراع". قناة المملكة (in Arabic). Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  14. ^ "The pandemic compromised Jordan's parliamentary elections". Washington Post. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  15. ^ "Women, opposition lose seats in Jordan election". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  16. ^ "الانتخابات النيابية 2020". Independent Election Commission (in Arabic).