2nd Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement

Summit Conference of Heads of State or Government of the Non-Aligned Movement
Host country United Arab Republic
Date5–10 October 1964
CitiesCairo
Participants Afghanistan

 Algeria
 Angola
 Burma
 Burundi
 Cambodia
 Cameroon
 Central African Republic
 Ceylon
 Chad
 Congo
 Cuba
 Cyprus
 Dahomey
 Ethiopia
 Ghana
 Guinea
 India
 Indonesia
 Iraq
 Jordan
 Kenya
 Kuwait
 Laos
 Lebanon
 Liberia
 Libya
 Mali
 Malawi
 Mauritania
 Morocco
   Nepal
 Nigeria
 Rwanda
 Saudi Arabia
 Senegal
 Sierra Leone
 Somalia
 Sudan
 Syria
 Tanzania
 Togo
 Tunisia
 Uganda
 UAR
 North Yemen
 Yugoslavia

 Northern Rhodesia
ChairGamal Abdel Nasser
(President of Egypt)
Follows1st Summit (Belgrade,  Yugoslavia)
Precedes3rd Summit (Lusaka,  Zambia)

Second Summit Conference of Heads of State or Government of the Non-Aligned Movement on 5–10 October 1964 in Cairo, United Arab Republic (Egypt) was the second conference of the Non-Aligned Movement which followed the Belgrade Conference of 1961 and preceded the Lusaka Conference of 1970. The city of Cairo was selected as a host of the summit conference at the preparatory meeting held in Colombo, Ceylon, on March 23, 1964.[1] At the beginning of the conference the chairmanship of the Movement was transferred from the President of Yugoslavia Josip Broz Tito to the President of Egypt Gamal Abdel Nasser.[2]

Issues discussed

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Universalist and Regionalist approach to membership

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One of the prominent issues resolved at the Cairo conference was the disagreement on membership in the movement where Yugoslavia advocated for universalist approach (in which movement would be open to all the non-aligned countries regardless of geography, notably in Europe and Latin America) while Indonesia at the time advocated for a narrower Afro-Asian regionalism.[3] The Indonesian approach, strongly supported by China, wanted to use Non-Alignement as a continuation of the regionalist Bandung Conference.[3] At the time, the two approaches both overlapped and competed with Indonesian-Chinese plan to organize the Second Bandung Conference in late 1963 or early 1964 and Indian, Egyptian and Yugoslav plan for the second Non-Aligned conference.[3] Indonesia and China strongly criticized the idea of the Non-Aligned conference as counterproductive to Bandung while Prime Minister of Sri Lanka Sirimavo Bandaranaike confronted those criticisms by stressing indivisibility of the World peace.[3] The situation created parallelism in initiatives with preparatory meeting for the Second Non-Aligned Summit taking place in Colombo and the Second Bandung preparatory meeting taking place with delay in Jakarta.[3] The Second Bandung preparatory meeting was ultimatelly supported only by Ghana, Iran, Cambodia, Guinea and Mali in which Cambodia, Guinea and Mali supported both initiatives.[3] Participants of the second Bandung preparatory meeting proposed that the second meeting should take place in Africa on 10 March 1965 in a country determined by the Organization of African Unity yet it never took place due to Sino-Soviet split and 1965 Algerian coup d'état.[4][3]

Participants

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All 25 countries participating in Belgrade Conference were invited to attend the conference in Cairo as well as all Charter of the Organization of African Unity parties, Arab countries in attendance of the 1964 Arab League Summit as well as Malawi, Laos, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Uruguay, Venezuela, Austria, Finland, and Sweden while invitation of Zambia and British Guiana was conditioned on the declaration of independence by October 1964.[1] Provisional government of Holden Roberto and other African provisional governments were invited as well.[1]

Member States

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Following countries participated as a full member states.[5]

Observers

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Following countries participated as observers.[5]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c n.a. (1965). "Cairo Conference of Nonaligned Nations". International Organization. 19 (4). Cambridge University Press: 1065–1070. doi:10.1017/S0020818300012765. S2CID 249403420.
  2. ^ "05–10 October 1964 – Second Non Aligned Movement Summit in Cairo". Bandaranaike Memorial International Conference Hall. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Bogetić, Dragan (2017). "Sukob Titovog koncepta univerzalizma i Sukarnovog koncepta regionalizma na Samitu nesvrstanih u Kairu 1964" [The Conflict Between Tito's Concept of Universalism and Sukarno's Concept of Regionalism in the 1964 Summit of Non-Aligned Countries in Cairo]. Istorija 20. Veka. 35 (2). Institute for Contemporary History, Belgrade: 101–118. doi:10.29362/IST20VEKA.2017.2.BOG.101-118.
  4. ^ "The Second Asian-African Conference". Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
  5. ^ a b "Final Document – Section on Nuclear Disarmament and Related Issues" (PDF). James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies. James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies. 10 September 1964.