Arthur Hopton (1488–1555)

For the Member of Parliament for Dunwich and Suffolk, see Arthur Hopton (died 1607).
For the English ambassador to Spain, see Arthur Hopton (diplomat).

Sir Arthur Hopton (1488–15/16 August 1555) of Cockfield Hall in Yoxford, Suffolk was an English knight, landowner, magistrate, and Member of Parliament.[1]

The Hoptons at Blythburgh and Yoxford

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John Hopton's tomb at Blythburgh, looking through to the Hopton chapel

John Hopton (c. 1405-1478), Sir Arthur's great-grandfather, was of Yorkshire background. His father Thomas was the acknowledged natural son of Sir Robert de Swyllington (died 1391), of Swillington in Yorkshire (between Temple Newsam and Methley, south-east of Leeds), who also held lands around Blythburgh in Suffolk. Sir Robert's son Sir Roger (died 1417) developed his Suffolk holdings: when, in 1428, after a series of deaths, Sir Robert was shown to have entailed his estates upon Thomas Hopton and his heirs, the Yorkshire and Suffolk estates descended around 1430 to John Hopton.[2]

John purchased Cockfield Hall at Yoxford from Sir John Fastolf in 1440,[3] but had for his principal residence the manor of Westwood at Blythburgh, midway between Blythburgh village and Priory and his quay at Walberswick. John (who is buried in the Hopton chantry in Blythburgh parish church) became fully established in Suffolk, and was, by his last wife Thomasine Barrington, father of Sir William Hopton, his principal heir. William Hopton, Custos of Dunwich and Treasurer of the Household to King Richard III,[4] was knighted by King Richard on the day before his coronation in 1483.[5] William married Margaret Wentworth, daughter and heir of Sir Roger Wentworth of Nettlestead, Suffolk, and they were the parents of Sir George Hopton: Sir William died in 1484.[6]

Arthur Hopton and his inheritance

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Sir George (knighted in 1487[7]) married Anne Sotehill of Stockerston, Leicestershire,[8] but died aged 29 in 1490, very soon followed by his elder son John, a child.[9] Thereupon George's second son, Arthur Hopton, an infant, became his father's heir in the manors of Westleton, Westhall, Thorington and Easton Bavents, and his brother's heir in the manor of Blythburgh, 'otherwise called West Woode', with its members and hamlets, in 1490, which was at first the headmanor.[10] Furthermore at the death of his great-grandmother Thomasine in 1498,[11] Arthur also became heir to the manors of Wissett and Wissett Roos, Yoxford and Stikland, Brentfen and Middleton, and of Mourelles, though not yet of age to take possession.[12]

Arthur's mother Anne remarried in 1498 to Sir Robert, Lord Curson, who at once entered Hopton's manor of Westleton forcibly, claiming it should belong to Anne during her lifetime.[13] Sir George Hopton had left the child in the wardship of four trusted friends, and his executors Sir Robert Clere (c.1453-1529, of Ormesby St. Margaret, Norfolk) and William Eyre became engaged in lengthy Star Chamber proceedings for the recovery of Arthur's rights.[14] It was then about a decade later that he made his first marriage, to Maud, daughter of Sir Robert Dymoke of Scrivelsby (died 1546). Sir Robert had been knighted on the same occasion as Arthur's grandfather Sir William Hopton, and Robert's maternal grandparents Lionel Welles, 6th Baron Welles and Joan Waterton lay in a fine tomb at Methley, beside Swillington. Sir Robert Dymoke was King's Champion at the Coronations of Kings Richard III, Henry VII and Henry VIII.[15]

This marriage, however, although socially advantageous, produced no surviving children, and by 1518 Arthur Hopton had taken a second wife. The match was no less ambitious, his choice falling upon Anne, daughter of Sir Davy Owen of Cowdray House at Midhurst in West Sussex, a natural son of Sir Owen Tudor (and therefore uncle to King Henry VII).[16] Sir David Owen refers to "my daughter Anne Hopton" in his will.[17] From this marriage came all of Sir Arthur's offspring, including five or six sons and four daughters, his eldest son and heir Owen (the future Sir Owen Hopton) being born c. 1519.[18]

Service

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Arthur served in the French campaign of 1513 and was knighted for his bravery after the Battle of the Spurs.[19] He was appointed to the commission for the peace in Suffolk in 1514 and remained on the bench for the rest of his life.[20] He appears as one of the "Knights for the Body" in the royal household in 1516.[21] He went with Henry VIII and other knights to Henry's meeting with Francis I of France at the Field of Cloth of Gold in 1520.[22][23] He was also present at the reception of Charles V in 1522, and attended the coronation of Anne Boleyn in 1533.[24] In 1536 he was summoned to the King's service with 100 men to suppress the Pilgrimage of Grace, and was taken with Sir Anthony Wingfield and Sir Thomas Tyrrell out of Suffolk in the company of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk:[25] with Wingfield and Sir John Candysshe he sent letters of information to the Duke from Barton-upon-Humber in November.[26] He sat upon juries for the trial of the rebels. He attended the christening of Prince Edward in 1537.[27] He was a knight of the shire for Suffolk in 1539, and again in 1542, probably on both occasions with Sir Anthony Wingfield.[28]

Building at Yoxford and Blythburgh

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Cockfield Hall, Yoxford, showing the surviving Tudor work in the north wing

Sir Arthur is thought to have built Cockfield Hall at Yoxford in its Tudor brick form, including the part now forming the north wing of the later mansion, and the Gatehouse.[29] This work may date to around 1520, since he was still principally resident in Blythburgh in 1524. [30] The brick hall and farmstead of his principal manor of Westwood, known as Westwood or Blythburgh Lodge, which was also probably built in his time (but much modified since), stands south-east of the village on rising land facing south over water-meadows and pastures towards the Dunwich river.[31]

The reversion of the house and site of Blythburgh Priory was granted to him in tail male in November 1538, with marsh and watermill and various closes, together with the manors of Blythburgh and Hinton Hall belonging to the priory, and with the parish rectories of Blythburgh, Bramfield, Thorington and Wenhaston, the chapelry of Walberswick, and all messuages in those places belonging to them, excepting the advowsons.[32] Soon after this, in 1541 he disposed of his family manor of Swillington in Yorkshire, together with 60 messuages and two watermills and sundry lands, to Edward North, Esq., and two years later joined Sir Edward in conveying them together with lands in other Yorkshire parishes to Sir George Darcy (son of the attainted Lord Darcy, former owner of Temple Newsam), with the assistance of his son and heir apparent Owen Hopton, Esq.[33] Owen Hopton received a settlement of Blythburgh and other manors at the time of his marriage in 1542 to Anne, daughter of Sir Edward Echyngham of Barsham, Suffolk.[34]

Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk was in possession of the manor of Henham (formerly property of the de la Pole Dukes of Suffolk) in 1538 when he sold it with other lands nearby to the King.[35] He had built there a Tudor mansion of red brick.[36][37] In April 1545 the king's Court of Augmentations granted the bailiwick and keeping of the manor-place, garden and orchard of his manor of Henham to trustees who vested it in Sir Arthur Hopton. The Hall itself was granted by the king to Sir Anthony Rous of Dennington in his demesne as of fee. Sir Arthur therefore conveyed the bailiwick to Sir Anthony in November 1545, by an indenture preserved among the Earl of Stradbroke's muniments. The Tudor mansion was destroyed by fire in 1773.[38]

Family

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Sir Arthur married first, but without issue, to Maud, daughter of Sir Robert Dymoke (died 1546) of Scrivelsby, Lincolnshire.[39]

Sir Arthur married secondly (by 1518) Anne, daughter of Sir David Owen of Cowdray House at Midhurst in West Sussex.[40] Their children included:

Sons
Daughters

References

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  1. ^ M.K. Dale, 'Hopton, Sir Arthur (1488-1555), of Cockfield in Yoxford, Suff.', in S.T. Bindoff (ed.), The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1509-1558, (from Boydell and Brewer, 1982), History of Parliament Online.
  2. ^ C. Richmond, John Hopton: A Fifteenth Century Suffolk Gentleman (Cambridge University Press, 1981), pp. 1-30 (Google).
  3. ^ Richmond, John Hopton, at p. 26 (Google).
  4. ^ W.L. Rutton, 'Pedigree of Hopton of Suffolk and Somerset', in J.J. Howard (ed.), Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, 3rd Series Vol. III (Mitchell and Hughes, London 1900), pp. 9-12, and notes pp. 81-86 (Internet Archive). Supersedes 'Visitation of 1561: Hopton of Westwood', in W. Metcalfe (ed.), The Visitations of Suffolk made by Hervey, Clarenceux, 1561, Cooke, Clarenceux, 1577, and Raven, Richmond Herald, 1612 (Exeter 1882), pp. 43-44 (Internet Archive).
  5. ^ W.A. Shaw, The Knights of England: A Complete Record from the Earliest Time 2 vols, for the Central Chancery for the Orders of Knighthood, St James's Palace (Sherratt and Hughes, London 1906), II, p. 21 (Hathi Trust).
  6. ^ A.I. Suckling, The History and Antiquities of the County of Suffolk, 2 vols (1845-1848), II, p. 137 (Internet Archive), citing Harvey's 1561 Visitation, Lansdowne MS 876. The earlier ancestry given by Suckling for John Hopton is superseded by C. Richmond.
  7. ^ W.A. Shaw, The Knights of England (1906), II, p. 24 (Hathi Trust).
  8. ^ J.M. Blatchly and W. Haward, 'Sir Robert Lord Curson, soldier, courtier and spy, and his Ipswich mansion', Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and History, XLI Part 3 (2007), pp. 335-50 (Society's pdf).
  9. ^ '643. George Hopton, knt.' and '644. John, son and heir of George Hopton, knt.', in Maskelyne and H.C. Maxwell Lyte, Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Series 2, Volume 1: Henry VII (London, 1898), pp. 246-266. British History Online 246-66 (British History Online).
  10. ^ Calendar of the Patent Rolls, Henry VII, I: 1485-1494 (HMSO 1914), p. 334 (Hathi Trust).
  11. ^ For an abstract of her will, see H.W. King, 'Excerpts from ancient wills', Transactions of the Essex Archaeological Society, New Series, II Part 1 (1884), pp. 55-70, at pp. 63-70, linked at Essex Transactions site.
  12. ^ '200. Thomasine Hopton, widow', in Maskelyne and H. C. Maxwell Lyte (eds), Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Series 2, Vol. 2: Henry VII (HMSO, London 1915), pp. 103-32 (British History Online).
  13. ^ Dale, 'Hopton, Sir Arthur', History of Parliament.
  14. ^ The National Archives (UK), Court of Star Chamber, Proceedings (Henry VIII); refs: STAC 2/9, f.241; STAC 2/10, f. 48-49; STAC 2/17/336; STAC 2/25/144 (see Discovery Catalogue).
  15. ^ S. Lodge, Scrivelsby, the Home of the Champions (W.K. Morton, Horncastle/Elliot Stock, London 1893), pp. 56-61 (Internet Archive).
  16. ^ 'Owen', in W. Bruce Bannerman, The Visitations of the County of Sussex made and taken in the years 1530 and 1633-4, Harleian Society Vol. LIII (1905), p. 122 (Internet Archive).
  17. ^ W.H. Blaauw, 'On the Effigy of Sir David Owen in Easebourne Church, near Midhurst... to which his will and codicil are now added', Sussex Archaeological Collections, VII (1854), pp. 22-43 (Internet Archive); N.H. Nicolas, Testamenta Vetusta, 2 vols (Nichols and Son, London 1826), II, pp. 700-02 (Internet Archive).
  18. ^ Dale, 'Hopton, Sir Arthur', History of Parliament.
  19. ^ W.A. Shaw, The Knights of England (1906), II, p. 41 (Hathi Trust).
  20. ^ Dale, 'Hopton, Sir Arthur', History of Parliament.
  21. ^ J.S. Brewer (ed.), Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Vol. 2: 1515-1518 (London 1864), pp. 871-73, no. 2735 (British History Online).
  22. ^ D. Richardson, ed. K.G. Everingham, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 2nd Edition, 2 volumes (Douglas Richardson, Salt Lake City 2011), II, pp. 378-79 (Google).
  23. ^ 'Henry VIII: March 1520, 21-30', in J.S. Brewer, Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Vol. 3: 1519-1523 (London 1867), pp. 231-249, nos. 703, 704.2-3 (British History Online).
  24. ^ 'Henry VIII: May 1533, 26-31', in J. Gairdner (ed.), Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Vol. 6: 1533 (London 1882), pp. 234-62, no. 562.i-ii (British History Online).
  25. ^ 'Henry VIII: October 1536, 6-10', in J. Gairdner, Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Vol. 11: July-December 1536 (London 1888), pp. 221-257. British History Online pp. 221-57, nos. 580.2, 580.3.ii, 615, 642 (British History Online).
  26. ^ J. Gairdner, Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Vol. 11: July-December 1536 (HMSO, London 1888), pp. 470-71, nos 1169, 1170 (British History Online).
  27. ^ 'Royal Christenings. The Christening of Prince Edward' (from Leland's Collectanea, Hearne edition), in Gentleman's Magazine, New Series XVII: January to June 1842 (William Pickering/John Bowyer Nichols and Son, London 1842), pp. 161-65, at p. 165 (Google).
  28. ^ Dale, 'Hopton, Sir Arthur', History of Parliament.
  29. ^ Historic England. "Cockfield Hall (1030621)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
  30. ^ C. Tracy, 'Master William Pykenham, LL.D (c. 1425-97) Scholar, Churchman, Lawyer and Gatehouse Builder', Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and History, XLI, Part 3, pp. 289-322 (Society's pdf), at p. 316 and note 95.
  31. ^ Historic England. "Westwood Lodge (1377196)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 6 August 2020.
  32. ^ '967. Grants in November 1538, item 20', in J. Gairdner (ed.), Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Vol. 13 Part 2: August-December 1538 (London, 1893), p. 406 (British History Online). V.C.H. incorrectly states 1548 for 1538.
  33. ^ F. Collins (ed.), Feet of Fines of the Tudor Period: Part 1, 1486-1571, Yorkshire Archaeological and Topographical Association, Record Series, Vol. II (Leeds 1887), pp. 95, 107 (British History Online). The fine calls Owen "Oliver".
  34. ^ Dale, 'Hopton, Sir Arthur', History of Parliament.
  35. ^ J. Gairdner (ed.), Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Vol. 13 Part 1: January-July 1538 (HMSO, London 1892), p. 495, no. 1329 (British History Online).
  36. ^ "Henham (Tudor) Hall (site of)", Suffolk HER no: HAM 015; Unique number (MonUID): MSF13436 (Heritage Gateway).
  37. ^ D. MacCulloch, Suffolk and the Tudors: Politics and Religion in an English County, 1500-1600 (Clarendon Press, 1986), p. 67 and Pl. 4a.
  38. ^ A.I. Suckling, The History and Antiquities of the County of Suffolk, 2 vols (Author, London 1845-1847), II, pp. 350-51, 354-55(Google).
  39. ^ Dale, 'Hopton, Sir Arthur', History of Parliament.
  40. ^ 'Owen', in W. Bruce Bannerman, The Visitations of the County of Sussex made and taken in the years 1530 and 1633-4, Harleian Society Vol. LIII (1905), p. 122 (Internet Archive).
  41. ^ J.E.M., 'Hopton, Owen (c.1519-95), of Yoxford and Blythburgh, Suff. and of London, in P.W. Hasler (ed.), The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1558-1603 (from Boydell and Brewer, 1981), History of Parliament Online.
  42. ^ R. Virgoe, 'Hopton, Sir Ralph (1509/10-71), of Witham, Som.', in S.T. Bindoff (ed.), The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1509-1558 (from Boydell and Brewer 1982), History of Parliament Online; R. Virgoe, 'Hopton, Sir Ralph (c.1510-71), of Witham Friary, Som.', in P.W. Hasler (ed.), The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1558-1603 (from Boydell and Brewer 1981), History of Parliament Online.
  43. ^ N.M. Fuidge, 'Hopton, Robert (d.1590), of Yoxford, Suff. of St. Mary Mounthaw, London', in P.W. Hasler (ed.), The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1558-1603 (from Boydell and Brewer, 1981), History of Parliament Online.
  44. ^ Visitations of Suffolk, p. 44 (Internet Archive).
  45. ^ Visitations of Suffolk, p. 44 (Internet Archive).
  46. ^ Suffolk Record Office, Ipswich: Blois family archives, Copy of Grant, ref. HA30/312/15 (Discovery Catalogue).
  47. ^ Visitations of Suffolk, p. 44 (Internet Archive).
  48. ^ 'Visitation of 1561'.
  49. ^ R. Virgoe, 'Hopton, Sir Ralph (1509/10-71), of Witham, Som.', in S.T. Bindoff (ed.), The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1509-1558 (from Boydell and Brewer 1982), History of Parliament Online.
  50. ^ Visitations of Suffolk, p. 44 (Internet Archive).
  51. ^ 'Freebridge Hundred and Half: Hillington', F. Blomefield, ed. C. Parkin, An Essay Towards A Topographical History of the County of Norfolk, Vol. 8 (London 1808), pp. 460-68 (British History Online).
  52. ^ See will of Richard Gorney of Cory Mallet, 1556/57 (Wells), in F.A. Crisp (ed.), Abstracts of Somersetshire Wills, 4 vols (Private, 1887-1890), II (1888), p. 101 (wife Mary, friend Sir Ralph Hopton).
  53. ^ Visitations of Suffolk, p. 44 (Internet Archive).
  54. ^ The Butler marriage is mentioned in connection with the manor of Langley Fitzures in Kington St Michael, Wiltshire: Chancery, Final decrees, Hopton v Hopton, ref. C78/112/9 (Discovery catalogue); View original at AALT, C78/112 no 9, images 039-041 (AALT).
  55. ^ 'Cockett', in W. Rye (ed.), The Visitacion of Norfolk, made and taken by William Hervey, Clarencieux King of Arms, anno 1563, Harleian Society XXXII (London 1891), pp. 80-81 (Internet Archive).
  56. ^ See Sentence of Anthony Cockett of Sipton, Suffolk (P.C.C. 1586, Windsor quire), to case of Margaret Cockett alias Robsert.
  57. ^ Visitations of Suffolk, p. 44 (Internet Archive).
  58. ^ For Sir John Robsart, see 'Sedistern', in F. Blomefield, ed. C. Parkin, An Essay Towards a Topographical History of the County of Norfolk, Volume VII: Gallow and Brothercross Hundreds (William Miller, London 1807), p. 182 (Google); G.L. Craik, The Romance of the Peerage: Or Curiosities of Family History (Chapman and Hall, London 1848), I, p. 44 (Google).
  59. ^ Visitations of Suffolk, p. 44 (Internet Archive).
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