Benjamin Hoadly

History
History
Diaconal ordination
Ordained by	Henry Compton, Bishop of London
Date	18 December 1698
Place	St Paul's Cathedral
Priestly ordination
Ordained by	Compton
Date	22 December 1700
Place	St Paul's
Episcopal consecration
Date	c. 1716

History
Ordination history of; Benjamin Hoadly
Ordained by
History
Diaconal ordination
Ordained by	Henry Compton, Bishop of London
Date	18 December 1698
Place	St Paul's Cathedral
Priestly ordination
Ordained by	Compton
Date	22 December 1700
Place	St Paul's
Episcopal consecration
Date	c. 1716
	Source(s):

The Right Reverend

Benjamin Hoadly
The Right Reverend; Benjamin Hoadly
Bishop of Winchester
	Benjamin Hoadly, painted by Sarah Hoadly
Diocese	Diocese of Winchester
In office	1734–1761 (died)
Predecessor	Richard Willis
Successor	John Thomas
Other post(s)	Bishop of Bangor (1716–1721); Bishop of Hereford (6 October 1721 {elected} –1723); Bishop of Salisbury (9 December 1723 {translation}–1734); Prelate of the Garter (c. 1734–1761)
Personal details
Born	14 November 1676; Westerham, Kent, England
Died	17 April 1761 (aged 84); Chelsea, Middlesex, Great Britain
Buried	Winchester Cathedral
Nationality	British (formerly English)
Denomination	Anglican
Residence	Winchester House, Chelsea (official; at death)
Parents	Samuel Hoadly & Martha Hoadly (née Pickering)
Spouse	1. Sarah Hoadly (née Curtis; 30 May 1701 {married}–11 January 1743 {she died}); 2. Mary Hoadly (née Newey; 23 July 1745 {married}–17 April 1761 (he died))
Children	John Hoadly, four other sons (plus two stillborn; all with Sarah)
Profession	lecturer
Alma mater	St Catharine's College, Cambridge

Benjamin Hoadly (14 November 1676 – 17 April 1761) was an English clergyman, who was successively Bishop of Bangor, of Hereford, of Salisbury, and finally of Winchester. He is best known as the initiator of the Bangorian Controversy.

Life

He was educated at St Catharine's College, Cambridge and ordained a priest in 1700.^[3] He was rector of St Peter-le-Poer, London, from 1704 to 1724, and of St Leonard's, Streatham, from 1710 to 1723.^[6] His participation in controversy began at the beginning of his career, when he advocated conformity of the religious rites from the Scottish and English churches for the sake of union. He became a leader of the low church and found favour with the Whig party.

He battled with Francis Atterbury, who was the spokesman for the high church group and Tory leader on the subject of passive obedience and non-resistance (i.e. obedience of divines that would not involve swearing allegiance or changing their eucharistic rites but would also not involve denunciation of the Established Church practices). The House of Commons, dominated by Whigs, recommended him to Queen Anne, and he became rector of Streatham in 1710. When George I succeeded to the throne, he became chaplain to the King and made bishop of Bangor in 1716. He took up the See on the confirmation of his election, at St Mary-le-Bow on 17 March 1716.^[7]

In 1717, his sermon on "The Nature of the Kingdom of Christ" provoked the Bangorian controversy.^[2] He was then translated three more times, taking up different bishoprics. He maintained that the eucharist was purely a commemorative act without any divine intervention. During his time as bishop, he rarely visited his dioceses and lived, instead, in London, where he was very active in politics.

From later summer 1722 to January 1725 Hoadly published letters on contemporary topics, articulating his Whig principles and defending the Glorious Revolution of 1688.^[8] The Revolution had created "that Limited Form of Government which is our only Security" and such a government secured freedom of expression, without which Britons would suffer "all the Mischiefs, of Darkness in the Intellectual World, of Baseness in the Moral World, and of Slavery in the Political World".^[9] Hoadly also criticised the Pretender, who issued a declaration that he would extinguish opposition. Hoadly wrote that he would impose uniformity on all if he ruled: "Not only that he must destroy your Civil and Religious Rights, but that he plainly before-hand has here told You, to your Face, He will do so".^[10]

William Hogarth (1697–1764) painted his portrait as Bishop of Winchester and "Prelate of the Most Noble Order of the Garter" about 1743, etched by Bernard Baron (1696–1762). Hoadly's son Benjamin aided Hogarth with his The Analysis of Beauty.^[11]

Selected works

A Defence of the Reasonableness of Conformity (1707)
A Plain Account of the Nature and End of the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper (1735)
The Repeal of the Corporation and Test Acts (1736)

Bibliography

Guglielmo Sanna, Religione e vita publica nell' Inghilterra del '700: Le avventure di Benjamin Hoadly, Milan, FrancoAngeli Storia, 2012

Notes

^ "Hoadly, Benjamin (at Hereford) (CCEd Appointment ID 215247)". The Clergy of the Church of England Database 1540–1835. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "Hoadly, Benjamin". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/13375. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Hoadly, Benjamin (HDLY691B)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
^ "Hoadly, Benjamin (CCEd Ordination ID 98558)". The Clergy of the Church of England Database 1540–1835. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
^ "Hoadly, Benjamin (CCEd Ordination ID 98738)". The Clergy of the Church of England Database 1540–1835. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
^ List of Rectors of St Leonard's: http://www.stleonard-streatham.org.uk/rector.html
^ Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae or a calendar of the principal ecclesiastical dignitaries in England and Wales, and of the chief officers in the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge... 1066–1857 edited by Joyce M. Horn as archived at WikiSource (p. 107)
^ Reed Browning, ‘Benjamin Hoadly, the Court Whig as Controversialist’, Political and Constitutional Ideas of the Court Whigs (Louisiana State University Press, 1982) p. 69.
^ Browning, pp. 69–70.
^ Browning, pp. 71–72.
^ John Nichols (1785). Biographical Anecdotes of William Hogarth: With a Catalogue of His Works Chronologically Arranged; and Occasional Remarks. John Nichols. p. 51. Retrieved 2 July 2013.

External links

Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Hoadly, Benjamin" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 542.
Hutchinson, John (1892). "Benjamin Hoadly" . Men of Kent and Kentishmen (Subscription ed.). Canterbury: Cross & Jackman. pp. 72–74.

[1] "Hoadly, Benjamin (at Hereford) (CCEd Appointment ID 215247)". The Clergy of the Church of England Database 1540–1835. Retrieved 19 September 2014.

[ODNB-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "Hoadly, Benjamin". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/13375. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

[ACAD-3] "Hoadly, Benjamin (HDLY691B)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.

[4] "Hoadly, Benjamin (CCEd Ordination ID 98558)". The Clergy of the Church of England Database 1540–1835. Retrieved 19 September 2014.

[5] "Hoadly, Benjamin (CCEd Ordination ID 98738)". The Clergy of the Church of England Database 1540–1835. Retrieved 19 September 2014.

[6] List of Rectors of St Leonard's: http://www.stleonard-streatham.org.uk/rector.html

[7] Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae or a calendar of the principal ecclesiastical dignitaries in England and Wales, and of the chief officers in the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge... 1066–1857 edited by Joyce M. Horn as archived at WikiSource (p. 107)

[8] Reed Browning, ‘Benjamin Hoadly, the Court Whig as Controversialist’, Political and Constitutional Ideas of the Court Whigs (Louisiana State University Press, 1982) p. 69.

[9] Browning, pp. 69–70.

[10] Browning, pp. 71–72.

[11] John Nichols (1785). Biographical Anecdotes of William Hogarth: With a Catalogue of His Works Chronologically Arranged; and Occasional Remarks. John Nichols. p. 51. Retrieved 2 July 2013.

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Church of England titles
Preceded by John Evans	Bishop of Bangor 1716–1721	Succeeded by Richard Reynolds
Preceded by Philip Bisse	Bishop of Hereford 1721–1723	Succeeded by Henry Egerton
Preceded by Richard Willis	Bishop of Salisbury 1723–1734	Succeeded by Thomas Sherlock
Preceded by Richard Willis	Bishop of Winchester 1734–1761	Succeeded by John Thomas

v t e Bishops of Salisbury
see at Sherborne	see erected from Winchester St Aldhelm Forthhere Herewald Æthelmod Denefrith Wigberht Eahlstan St Heahmund Æthelheah Wulfsige Asser Æthelweard Wærstan Æthelbald Sigehelm Alfred Wulfsige II Ælfwold I Æthelsige I Wulfsige III Æthelric Æthelsige II Brithwine I Ælfmær Brithwine II St Ælfwold II Herman see united with Ramsbury and removed to Old Sarum
see at Old Sarum	united from Sherborne & Ramsbury Herman Saint Osmund Roger Henry of Sully Philip de Harcourt Josceline de Bohon Hubert Walter Herbert Poore Richard Poore see removed to New Sarum
Medieval	Richard Poore Robert de Bingham William de York Giles of Bridport Walter de la Wyle Robert Wickhampton Walter Scammel Henry Brandeston Lawrence de Awkeburne William de la Corner Nicholas Longespee Simon of Ghent Roger Martival Robert Wyvil Ralph Ergham John Waltham Richard Mitford Nicholas Bubwith Robert Hallam John Chandler Robert Neville William Ayscough Richard Beauchamp Lionel Woodville Thomas Langton John Blyth Henry Deane
Early modern	Edmund Audley Lorenzo Campeggio Nicholas Shaxton John Capon Gasparo Contarini William Petow Francis Mallet John Jewel Edmund Gheast John Piers John Coldwell Henry Cotton Robert Abbot Martin Fotherby Robert Tounson John Davenant Brian Duppa Episcopacy abolished (Commonwealth) Brian Duppa Humphrey Henchman John Earle Alexander Hyde Seth Ward Gilbert Burnet William Talbot Richard Willis Benjamin Hoadly Thomas Sherlock John Gilbert John Thomas (I) Robert Hay Drummond John Thomas (II) John Hume Shute Barrington John Douglas
Late modern	John Fisher Thomas Burgess Edward Denison Walter Kerr Hamilton George Moberly John Wordsworth Frederick Ridgeway St Clair Donaldson Neville Lovett Geoffrey Lunt William Anderson Joe Fison George Reindorp John Baker David Stancliffe Nick Holtam Stephen Lake

v t e Chancellors of the Order of the Garter
Bishops of Salisbury (1477–1550)	Richard Beauchamp Lionel Woodville Thomas Langton John Blyth Henry Deane Edmund Audley
Lay chancellors (1551–1671)	Sir William Cecil Sir William Petre Sir Thomas Smith Sir Francis Walsingham Sir Amias Paulet Sir John Wolley Sir Edward Dyer Sir John Herbert Sir George More Sir Francis Crane Sir Thomas Roe Sir James Palmer Sir Henry de Vic
Bishops of Salisbury (1671–1837)	Seth Ward Gilbert Burnet William Talbot Richard Willis Benjamin Hoadly Thomas Sherlock John Gilbert John Thomas Robert Hay Drummond John Thomas John Hume Shute Barrington John Douglas John Fisher Thomas Burgess
Bishops of Oxford (1837–1937)	Richard Bagot Samuel Wilberforce John Mackarness William Stubbs Francis Paget Charles Gore Hubert Burge Thomas Strong
Knights and Ladies Companion (since 1937)	The Duke of Portland The Earl of Halifax The Marquess of Salisbury The Viscount Cobham The Marquess of Abergavenny The Lord Carrington The Duke of Abercorn The Baroness Manningham-Buller

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