Cnemaspis

Cnemaspis
Cnemaspis flavolineata
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Family: Gekkonidae
Subfamily: Gekkoninae
Genus: Cnemaspis
Strauch, 1887[1]

Cnemaspis is a genus of diurnal (day) geckos found in Asia. With over 100 species, it is one of the most diverse genera of geckos. Molecular phylogenies suggest that the two regional groupings may form distinct clades which are not each other's closest relatives.[2]

Description

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Species in this genus have slender, clawed digits which are cylindrical or depressed at the base (rarely dilated); the distal phalanges are compressed, forming an angle with the basal portion of the digits, the lower surface of which has a row of plates. Their bodies are more or less depressed, granular or tubercular above. Tail not compressed. Pupil circular; eyelid distinct all round the eye. Males with or without pre-anal or femoral pores.[3]

Species

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The Indian Subcontinent and Sri Lanka group

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A Wynad day gecko (C. wynad) from India
An ornate day gecko (C. ornata) from the Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala

The Sundaland group

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  • C. aceh Iskandar, McGuire, & Amarasinghe, 2017[10]: 143–5 
  • C. adangrawi Ampai, Rujirawan, Wood, Stuart, & Aowphol, 2019 - Adang-Rawi rock gecko
  • C. affinis (Stoliczka, 1870) – Stoliczka's gecko, Pinang Island rock gecko
  • C. andalas Iskandar, McGuire, & Amarasinghe, 2017[10]: 145–6 
  • C. argus Dring, 1979[11] – Dring's gecko, Argus rock gecko, Lawit Mountain rock gecko
  • C. aurantiacopes Grismer & Ngo, 2007[12] – Hon Dat rock gecko
  • C. auriventralis Rujirawan, Yodthong, Ampai, Termprayoon, Aksornneam, Stuart, & Aowphol, 2022 – Erawan rock gecko
  • C. baueri Das & Grismer 2003 – Bauer's rock gecko, Pulau Aur rock gecko
  • C. bayuensis Grismer, Grismer, Wood, & Chan 2008 – Kampung Bayu rock gecko, Gua Bayu rock gecko, Bayu Cave rock gecko
  • C. bidongensis Grismer, Wood, Ahmad, Sumarli, Vazquez, Ismail, Nance, Mohd-amin, Othman, Rizaijessika, Kuss, Murdoc, & Cobos, 2014 – Pulau Bidong rock gecko
  • C. biocellata Grismer, Chan, Nurolhuda, & Sumontha 2008,[13] – twin-spot rock gecko
  • C. boulengeri Strauch 1887 – Boulenger's rock gecko, Con Dao round eyed gecko
  • C. calderana Milto & Bezman-Moseyko, 2021
  • C. chanardi Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010[14] - Chan-ard's rock gecko
  • C. chanthaburiensis Bauer & Das 1998 – Chanthaburi rock gecko
  • C. caudanivea Grismer & Ngo, 2007[15] – Hon Tre Island rock gecko
  • C. dezwaani Das 2005[16]
  • C. dringi Das & Bauer 1998 – Dring's rock gecko
  • C. flavigaster Chan & Grismer 2008 – orange-bellied rock gecko
  • C. flavolineata (Nicholls, 1949) – yellow-striped rock gecko
  • C. grismeri Wood, Quah, Anuar Ms, & Muin, 2013 - Grismer's rock gecko
  • C. hangus Grismer et al., 2014
  • C. harimau Chan, Grismer, Anuar, Quah, Muin, Savage, Grismer, Ahmad, Remigio, & Greer, 2010 - tiger rock gecko
  • C. huaseesom Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010[14]
  • C. jacobsoni Das 2005[16]
  • C. kamolnorranathi Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010[14] – Kamolnorranath's rock gecko
  • C. karsticola Grismer, Grismer, Wood, & Chan 2008 – karst-dwelling rock gecko
  • C. kendallii (Gray, 1845) – Kendall's rock gecko
  • C. kumpoli Taylor 1963 – Kumpol's rock gecko, Trang Province gecko
  • C. lagang Nashriq, Davis, Bauer, & Das, 2022
  • C. laoensis Grismer, 2010 - Lao rock gecko
  • C. leucura Kurita, Nishikawa, Matsui, & Hikida, 2017 - curse rock gecko
  • C. limi Das & Grismer 2003 – Tioman Island rock gecko
  • C. lineatubercularis Ampai, Wood, Stuart, & Aowphol, 2020 - Lan Saka rock gecko
  • C. lineogularis Wood, Grismer, Aowphol, Aguilar, Cota, Grismer, Murdoch, & Sites, 2017 - stripe-throated rock gecko
  • C. mahsuriae Grismer, Wood, Quah, Anuar, Ngadi, & Ahmad, 2015 - Mahsuri's rock gecko
  • C. matahari Nashriq, Davis, Bauer, & Das, 2022
  • C. mcguirei Grismer, Grismer, Wood, & Chan 2008 – McGuire's rock gecko
  • C. minang Iskandar, McGuire, & Amarsinghe, 2017[10]: 147–8 
  • C. modiglianii Das 2005[16]
  • C. monachorum Grismer, Ahmad, Chan, Belabut, Muin, Wood, & Grismer, 2009 - Monks's rock gecko
  • C. mumpuniae Grismer et al., 2014
  • C. muria Riyanto, Munir, Martamenggala, Fitriana, & Hamidy, 2019
  • C. narathiwatensis Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010[14] – Narathiwat rock gecko
  • C. neangthyi Grismer, Grismer, & Chav, 2010 – Neang Thy's rock gecko
  • C. nigridia (Smith, 1925) – Borneo black gecko, black-spotted rock gecko
  • C. niyomwanae Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010[14] – Niyomwan's rock gecko,
  • C. nuicamensis Grismer & Ngo, 2007[15] – Nui Cam Hill rock gecko
  • C. omari Grismer et al., 2014
  • C. pagai Iskandar, McGuire, & Amarsinghe, 2017[10]: 149–50 
  • C. paripari Grismer & Onn, 2009 - fairy rock gecko
  • C. pemanggilensis Grismer & Das 2006 – Johor, West Malaysia – Pemanggil Island rock gecko
  • C. peninsularis Grismer et al., 2014 – peninsular rock gecko
  • C. perhentianensis Grismer & Chan, 2008
  • C. phangngaensis Wood, Grismer, Aowphol, Aguilar, Cota, Grismer, Murdoch, & Sites, 2017 - Phang Nga rock gecko
  • C. phuketensis Das & Leon 2004,[17]
  • C. pseudomcguirei Grismer, Ahmad, Chan, Belabut, Muin, Wood, & Grismer, 2009 - false McGuire's rock gecko
  • C. psychedelica Grismer, Ngo, & Grismer, 2010 – psychedelic rock gecko
  • C. punctatonuchalis Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010[14] – spotted-neck rock gecko
  • C. purnamai Riyanto, Hamidy, Sidik, & Gunalen, 2017[18]
  • C. rajabasa Amarasinghe, Harvey, Riyanto, & Smith, 2015[19]
  • C. roticanai Grismer & Onn, 2010[20] – Roti Canai rock gecko
  • C. samui Ampai, Rujirawan, Yodthong, Termprayoon, Stuart, Wood, & Aowphol, 2022
  • C. selamatkanmerapoh Grismer, Wood, Mohamed, Chan, Heinz, Sumarli, Chan & Loredo, 2013 - Merapoh rock gecko
  • C. selenolagus Grismer, Yushchenko, Pawangkhanant, Nazarov, Naiduangchan, Suwannapoom & Poyarkov, 2020 - Moon Rabbit Rock Gecko
  • C. shahruli Grismer, Chan, Quah, Muin, Savage, Grismer, Ahmad, Greer, & Remegio, 2010 - Shahrul's rock gecko
  • C. siamensis (Smith, 1925) – Siamese rock gecko
  • C. similan Ampai, Rujirawan, Yodthong, Termprayoon, Stuart, Wood, & Aowphol, 2022
  • C. sirehensis Nashriq, Davis, Bauer, & Das, 2022
  • C. stongensis Grismer et al., 2014
  • C. sundagekko Grismer et al., 2014
  • C. sundainsula Grismer et al., 2014
  • C. tapanuli Iskandar, McGuire, & Amarsinghe, 2017[10]: 150 
  • C. tarutaoensis Ampai, Rujirawan, Wood, Stuart, & Aowphol, 2019 - Tarutao rock gecko
  • C. temiah Grismer et al., 2014
  • C. thachanaensis Wood, Grismer, Aowphol, Aguilar, Cota, Grismer, Murdoch, & Sites, 2017
  • C. tubaensis Quah, Wood, Anuar, & Muin, 2020 – Tuba Island rock gecko
  • C. tucdupensis Grismer & Ngo, 2007[15] – Tuc Dup Hill rock gecko
  • C. timoriensis Duméril & Bibron 1836,[21]
  • C. vandeventeri Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010[14] – VanDeventer's rock gecko
  • C. whittenorum Das 2005[16]

References

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  1. ^ ITIS (Integrated Taxonomic Information System). www.itis.gov.
  2. ^ Gamble, T., Greenbaum, E., Jackman, T. R., & Bauer, A. M. (2015). Into the light: diurnality has evolved multiple times in geckos. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 115(4), 896–910. https://doi.org/10.1111/bij.12536
  3. ^ Boulenger, G. A. (1890). Fauna of British India. Reptilia and Batrachia (referring to Gonatodes)
  4. ^ Wickramasinghe, Mendis & Munindradasa (2007). Review of the genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Sauria: Gekkonidae) in Sri Lanka with the description of five new species. Zootaxa 1490: 1-63
  5. ^ Agarwal, Ishan; Bauer, Aaron M; Khandekar, Akshay (2020-06-24). "A new species of South Asian Cnemaspis (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the Eastern Ghats, India". Zootaxa. 4802 (3): 449–462. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4802.3.3. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 33056043. S2CID 222821649.
  6. ^ Agarwal, Ishan; Thackeray, Tejas; Pal, Saunak; Khandekar, Akshay (November 2020). "Granite boulders act as deep‐time climate refugia: A Miocene divergent clade of rupicolous Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the Mysore Plateau, India, with descriptions of three new species". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 58 (4): 1234–1261. doi:10.1111/jzs.12391. ISSN 0947-5745.
  7. ^ Das, Indraneil (2005). "Revision of the genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Sauria: Gekkonidae), from the Mentawai and adjacent archipelagos off western Sumatra, Indonesia, with the description of four new species" (PDF). Journal of Herpetology. 39 (2): 233–247. doi:10.1670/61-02A. S2CID 85728521.
  8. ^ Giri, Varad B.; Aaron M. Bauer; Kshamata S. Gaikwad (21 July 2009). "A new ground-dwelling species of Cnemaspis Strauch (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2164. Magnolia Press: 49–60. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2164.1.5. Retrieved 2009-07-27.
  9. ^ Sayyed, Amit; Samson Kirubakaran; Rahul Khot; Thanigaivel A; Satheeshkumar M; Ayaan Sayyed; Masum Sayyed; Omkar Adhikari; Jayaditya Purkayastha; Shubhankar Deshpande; Shauri Sulakhe (2023). "A new species of the genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the higher elevations of Tamil Nadu, India". Asian Journal of Conservation Biology. 12 (2): 179–188. doi:10.53562/ajcb.83427.
  10. ^ a b c d e Iskandar, D.T., J.A. McGuire & A.A.Thasun Amarasinghe. (2017) "Description of five new day geckos of Cnemaspis kandiana group (Sauria: Gekkonidae) from Sumatra and Mentawai Archipelago, Indonesia". Journal of Herpetology, 51(1): 142–153. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1670/15-047
  11. ^ Dring, J.C.M., 1979. Amphibians and reptiles from northern Trengganu, Malaysia, with descriptions of two new geckos: Cnemaspis and Cyrtodactylus. Bulletin of The British Museum (Natural History) Zoology 34 (5): 181-241
  12. ^ Grismer, L. L. and Ngo, V. T. (2007). Four new species of the gekkonid genus Cnemaspis Strauch 1887 (Reptilia: Squamata) from Southern Vietnam. Herpetologica 63 (4): 482-500. [1]
  13. ^ Grismer, L.L., Onn, C.K., Nasir, N. and Sumontha, M. (2008). A new species of karst-dwelling gecko (genus Cnemaspis Strauch 1887) from the border region of Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa, 1875: 51-68. [2]
  14. ^ a b c d e f g Grismer, L.L., Sumontha, M., Cota, M., Grismer, J.L., Wood Jr., P.L., Pauwels, O.S.G. & Kunya, K. 2010. A revision and redescription of the rock gecko Cnemaspis siamensis (Taylor 1925)(Squamata:Gekkonidae) from Peninsular Thailand with a description of seven new species. Zootaxa 2576: 1-55
  15. ^ a b c Grismer, L. L. and Ngo, V. T. (2007). Four new species of the gekkonid genus Cnemaspis Strauch 1887 (Reptilia: Squamata) from Southern Vietnam. Herpetologica 63 (4): 482-500. [3]
  16. ^ a b c d Das, I. (2005) Revision of the Genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Sauria: Gekkonidae), from the Mentawai and Adjacent Archipelagos off Western Sumatra, Indonesia, with the Description of Four New Species. Journal of Herpetology 39(2):233–247 [4]
  17. ^ Das and Leon (2004). A new species of Cnemaspis (Sauria: Gekkonidae) from Southern Thailand. Current Herpetology. 23 (2):63-71.
  18. ^ Riyanto, Awal; Hamidy, Amir; Sidik, Irvan; Gunalen, Danny (30 Nov 2017). "A new species of Rock Gecko of the genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Belitung Island, Indonesia". Zootaxa. 4358 (3): 583–597. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4358.3.12. PMID 29245465.
  19. ^ Amarasinghe, A.A.T., M.B. Harvey, Riyanto, & E.N. Smith. (2015). "A New Species of Cnemaspis (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) from Sumatra, Indonesia". Herpetologica, 71(2): 160-167. (Jun 2015). DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-14-00034
  20. ^ Grismer, L. L. and Onn, C. K. (2010). Another new Rock Gecko (genus Cnemaspis Strauch 1887) from Pulau Langkawi, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 2419: 51-62. [5]
  21. ^ Duméril and Bibron (1836). Erpetologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol.3. Libr. Encyclopédique Roret, Paris, 528 pp.
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