Dawna Range

Dawna Range
Dawna Range
	View of the Dawna Hills and route 1090 between Mae Sot and Umphang, Tak Province, Thailand
Highest point
Peak	Mela Taung
Elevation	2,080 m (6,820 ft)
Coordinates	17°12′N 98°5′E / 17.200°N 98.083°E
Dimensions
Length	350 km (220 mi)
Geography
	Dawna Range-Southeast asia.jpg
Countries	Burma and Thailand
Parent range	Shan Hills
Geology
Type of rock	Granite, limestone

The Dawna Range (Burmese: ဒေါနတောင်တန်း; MLCTS: Dau:na. Taung:tan:;^[1] Thai: ทิวเขาถนนธงชัยตะวันตก, ทิวเขาดอยมอนกุจู), also known as Dawna Hills,^[2] is a mountain range in eastern Burma and northwestern Thailand. Its northern end is located in Kayah State where it meets the Daen Lao Range, a subrange of the Shan Hills. The range runs southwards along Kayin State as a natural border with Mon State in the west forming parallel ranges to the northern end of the Tenasserim Hills further south and southeast. The Dawna Range extends east of the Salween southwards from the Shan Hills for about 350 km, at the western limit of the Thai highlands.^[3] Its southern end reaches the Thai-Myanmar border in the Umphang area, entering Thailand west of Kamphaeng Phet. The Thungyai Naresuan Wildlife Sanctuary is in the Thai side of the range.^[4]

Some geographers include the Dawna Range as the western and the southern part of the Thanon Thong Chai Range (เทือกเขาถนนธงชัย). The highest point of the range is 2,080 m high Mela Taung;^[5] 2,005 m high Mulayit Taung is located at the southern end of the range.^[6]

Ecology

The Dawna Range provides a habitat for the tiger,^[7] the wild Asian elephant and Fea's muntjak. Endangered species in the area are the plain-pouched hornbill and Gurney's pitta.^[8] There are other rare species some of which have only recently been discovered.^[9]

This narrow steep-sided range is geologically and ecologically homogeneous with the neighboring head of the Tenasserim Hills and the Karen Hills further north, so that frequently it is considered as a whole under the name "Dawna Tenasserim"^[10] or as "Kayah-Karen/Tenasserim".^[11] The Dawna Range is covered with tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests. The Kayah-Karen montane rain forests that cover the mountains are part of the Kayah-Karen/Tenasserim moist forests ecoregion^[12] which is included in the Global 200 list of ecoregions identified by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) as priorities for conservation.

Protected areas

Protected areas of the Dawna range are part of the Western Forest Complex.^[13]

Burma

Mulayit Wildlife Sanctuary^[14]

Thailand

History

In 1944 and 1945, at the time of the Japanese conquest of Burma during World War II, the eastern Dawna mountains provided a base from which the Karen troops led by Bo Mya fought against the Japanese Imperial Army on the side of the British.^[15]

Owing to the unrest in Burma and the human rights abuses by the Tatmadaw,^[16] some refugee camps have been established for the cross-border refugees in the Thai side of the range. The largest is the Mae La refugee camp, established in 1984 in Tha Song Yang District, Tak Province and currently houses over 40,000 refugees^[17] Landmines have been laid in the border area and this affects wildlife as well.^[18]

References

^ Geographical names of Myanmar
^ Northern Thailand Archived January 28, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
^ The Physical Geography of Southeast Asia, Avijit Gupta, Oxford University Press, 2005. ISBN 978-0-19-924802-5
^ UNESCO website for the Thungyai - Huai Kha Khaeng World Heritage Site
^ Mela Taung, Myanmar
^ William Wilson Hunter. The Imperial Gazetteer of India (Volume 4)
^ Tiger Habitat in the Dawna Tenasserim Landscape^{[permanent dead link]}
^ "Western Forest Complex (Thailand/Myanmar)". Archived from the original on 2012-03-25. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
^ "New Mekong discoveries highlight need for urgent action". Archived from the original on 2012-05-09. Retrieved 2011-12-13.
^ WWF - Landscape Manager, Dawna Tenasserim Landscape
^ Global 200 ecoregion: Kayah-Karen / Tenasserim Moist Forests
^ Kayah Karen Tenasserim Ecoregion Archived 2011-03-26 at the Wayback Machine
^ Western Forest Complex (WEFCOM)
^ Protected Planet - Mulayit Wildlife Sanctuary
^ Challenges of a Ceasefire Accord in Karen State - Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 28, 3, 95-105
^ Burma’s Democratic Facade: Human Right Abuses Continued
^ "TBBC" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-05-01. Retrieved 2011-12-13.
^ Thai elephant steps on landmine in Burma

External links

[1] Geographical names of Myanmar

[2] Northern Thailand Archived January 28, 2012, at the Wayback Machine

[3] The Physical Geography of Southeast Asia, Avijit Gupta, Oxford University Press, 2005. ISBN 978-0-19-924802-5

[4] UNESCO website for the Thungyai - Huai Kha Khaeng World Heritage Site

[5] Mela Taung, Myanmar

[6] William Wilson Hunter. The Imperial Gazetteer of India (Volume 4)

[7] Tiger Habitat in the Dawna Tenasserim Landscape^{[permanent dead link]}

[8] "Western Forest Complex (Thailand/Myanmar)". Archived from the original on 2012-03-25. Retrieved 2012-02-27.

[9] "New Mekong discoveries highlight need for urgent action". Archived from the original on 2012-05-09. Retrieved 2011-12-13.

[10] WWF - Landscape Manager, Dawna Tenasserim Landscape

[11] Global 200 ecoregion: Kayah-Karen / Tenasserim Moist Forests

[12] Kayah Karen Tenasserim Ecoregion Archived 2011-03-26 at the Wayback Machine

[13] Western Forest Complex (WEFCOM)

[14] Protected Planet - Mulayit Wildlife Sanctuary

[15] Challenges of a Ceasefire Accord in Karen State - Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 28, 3, 95-105

[16] Burma’s Democratic Facade: Human Right Abuses Continued

[17] "TBBC" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-05-01. Retrieved 2011-12-13.

[18] Thai elephant steps on landmine in Burma

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