Gísli Guðjónsson

Gísli Hannes Guðjónsson, CBE (born 26 October 1947) is an Icelandic-British academic, educator, forensic psychologist and former detective.^[2] He is Emeritus Professor at the Institute of Psychiatry of King's College London and a Professor in the Psychology Department at Reykjavik University.^[3] Gísli is an internationally renowned authority on suggestibility and false confessions and is one of the world's leading experts on false memory syndrome.^[2]

Gísli was born on 26 October 1947 to Guðjón Aðalsteinn Guðmundsson and Þóra Hannesdóttir.^[4] His twin brother joined the Reykjavík Criminal Investigation Police while he chose to study economics at Brunel University London (BSc, 1975), but changed to psychology whilst in his second year.^[5][6] He completed his studies at the University of Surrey (MSc, 1977; PhD, 1981).^[7] In 1982, together with MacKeith he coined the term memory distrust syndrome, to describe those who distrust their own memories and are motivated to rely on external (non-self) sources to verify the accuracy of memories.^[8]

In the 1990s he worked as head of forensic psychology services and clinical psychologist to the Bethlem Royal Hospital and Maudsley Hospital.^[9]

He was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2011 Birthday Honours for services to clinical psychology.^[10][11]

Gísli's expert testimony was the basis for the convictions of the Birmingham Six and Guildford Four being overturned.^[12] He created the Gudjonsson suggestibility scale to measure how susceptible someone is to coercion during an interrogation. An author of several books, Gudjonsson was a coauthor on the American Psychology-Law Society (AP-LS) White Paper by Saul Kassin et al. (2010) titled "Police-induced confessions: Risk factors and recommendations."^[13]

• Psychology brings justice: the science of forensic psychology (Crim Behav Ment Health. 2003;13(3):159-67)
• The Psychology of Interrogations and Confessions. A Handbook. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. (2003)
• Forensic Psychology. A Guide to Practice (with Lionel Haward)
• The relationship between confabulation and intellectual ability, memory, interrogative suggestibility and acquiescence. (Personality and Individual Differences, 1995)
• The Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scales Manual. Hove, UK: Psychology Press. (1997)
• The Relationship Of Alcohol Withdrawal Symptoms To Suggestibility And Compliance. (Psychology, Crime & Law, June 2004, Vol. 10(2), pp. 169/177)
• The Psychology of False Confessions: Forty Years of Science and Practice (2018)

• Guðmundur and Geirfinnur case
• Memory distrust syndrome
• Perjury

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