Helictotrichon

Helictotrichon
	Helictotrichon sempervirens
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Poales
Family:	Poaceae
Subfamily:	Pooideae
Supertribe:	Poodae
Tribe:	Poeae
Subtribe:	Aveninae
Genus:	Helictotrichon; Besser
Type species
	Helictotrichon sempervirens; (Vill.) Pilg.
Synonyms
	Aristavena F.Albers & Butzin; Avenastrum (K.Koch) Opiz; Avenochloa Holub; Danthorhiza Ten.; Elictotrichon Besser ex Andrz.; Heuffelia Schur; Neoholubia Tzvelev; Stipavena Vierh.;

Helictotrichon, or alpine oatgrass,^[2] is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the grass family.^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6] The genus name comes from the Greek heliktos meaning twisted, and trichos meaning hair, referring to the shape of the awn.^[7]

Most of the species are native to Africa and Eurasia with a few species in North America. Helictotrichon sempervirens is widely cultivated as an ornamental.^[8]^[9]^[10]

Species^[1]

Helictotrichon altius (Hitchc.) Ohwi - China
Helictotrichon angustum C.E.Hubb. - Kenya, Yemen
Helictotrichon arctum Cope - Yemen
Helictotrichon barbatum (Nees) Schweick. - South Africa
Helictotrichon burmanicum Bor - Myanmar
Helictotrichon cantabricum (Lag.) Gervais - Pyrenees in France + Spain
Helictotrichon capense Schweick. - South Africa
Helictotrichon convolutum (C.Presl) Henrard - Italy, Greece, Balkans, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon
Helictotrichon cycladum (Rech.f. & T.C.Scheff.) Rech.f. - Greece incl Crete
Helictotrichon decorum (Janka) Henrard - Romania
Helictotrichon delavayi (Hack.) Henrard - China
Helictotrichon desertorum (Less.) Nevski - Austria, Czech Rep, Ukraine, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia
Helictotrichon devesae Romero Zarco - Spain
Helictotrichon dodii (Stapf) Schweick. - South Africa
Helictotrichon elongatum (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) C.E.Hubb. - Madagascar; Africa from Chad to Eritrea to Zimbabwe
Helictotrichon fedtschenkoi (Hack.) Henrard - Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan
Helictotrichon filifolium (Lag.) Henrard - Spain, Morocco, Algeria
Helictotrichon galpinii Schweick. - South Africa, Lesotho
Helictotrichon hideoi (Honda) Ohwi - Japan, Taiwan
Helictotrichon hirtulum (Steud.) Schweick. - South Africa, Lesotho
Helictotrichon hissaricum (Roshev.) Henrard - Tajikistan
Helictotrichon imberbe (Nees) Veldkamp - South Africa, Lesotho, Eswatini
Helictotrichon junghuhnii (Buse) Henrard - China, Indian Subcontinent, Myanmar, Sumatra, Java, New Guinea
Helictotrichon × krischae H.Melzer - Austria
Helictotrichon krylovii (Pavlov) Henrard - Yakutia, Magadan
Helictotrichon lachnanthum (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) C.E.Hubb. - Bioko, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda
Helictotrichon leianthum (Keng) Ohwi - China
Helictotrichon leoninum (Steud.) Schweick. - South Africa
Helictotrichon longifolium (Nees) Schweick. - South Africa, Lesotho
Helictotrichon longum (Stapf) Schweick. - South Africa
Helictotrichon macrostachyum (Balansa & Durieu) Henrard - Algeria
Helictotrichon mannii (Pilg.) C.E.Hubb. - Bioko, Cameroon
Helictotrichon milanjianum (Rendle) C.E.Hubb. - Madagascar, East Africa
Helictotrichon mongolicum (Roshev.) Henrard - Siberia, Mongolia, Xinjiang, Kazakhstan
Helictotrichon mortonianum (Scribn.) Henrard - USA (Colorado, Wyoming, Utah, New Mexico)
Helictotrichon murcicum Holub - Spain
Helictotrichon namaquense Schweick. - South Africa
Helictotrichon natalense (Stapf) Schweick. - South Africa
Helictotrichon newtonii (Stapf) C.E.Hubb. - Angola
Helictotrichon parlatorei (J.Woods) Pilg. - Alps of France, Italy, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia
Helictotrichon petzense H.Melzer - Alps of Austria, Slovenia
Helictotrichon planifolium (Willk.) Holub - Pyrenees in France + Spain
Helictotrichon polyneurum (Hook.f.) Henrard - Tamil Nadu
Helictotrichon potaninii Tzvelev - Sichuan
Helictotrichon quinquesetum (Steud.) Schweick. - South Africa
Helictotrichon requienii (Mutel) Henrard - France + Spain
Helictotrichon rogerellisii Mashau, Fish & A.E.van Wyk - South Africa
Helictotrichon roggeveldense Mashau, Fish & A.E.van Wyk - South Africa
Helictotrichon sangilense Krasnob. - Tuva in Siberia
Helictotrichon sarracenorum (Gand.) Holub - Spain
Helictotrichon schmidii (Hook.f.) Henrard - India, China
Helictotrichon sedenense (Clarion ex DC.) Holub - France, Spain, Italy, Morocco
Helictotrichon sempervirens (Vill.) Pilg. - Blue oat grass - France, Italy
Helictotrichon setaceum (Vill.) Henrard - France, Italy
Helictotrichon sumatrense Ohwi - Sumatra
Helictotrichon tianschanicum (Roshev.) Henrard - Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Xinjiang
Helictotrichon tibeticum (Roshev.) Holub - China incl Tibet + Xinjiang
Helictotrichon turcomanicum Czopanov - Turkmenistan
Helictotrichon umbrosum (Hochst. ex Steud.) C.E.Hubb. - Ethiopia, Sudan, South Sudan, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania
Helictotrichon uniyalii Kandwal & B.K.Gupta - Uttarakhand
Helictotrichon yunnanense S.Wang & B.S.Sun - Yunnan

formerly included^[1]

Many species once considered part of Helictotrichon are now regarded as better suited to other genera. A large number are now in Helictochloa with smaller numbers of species in Amphibromus Arrhenatherum Avenula Danthoniastrum Duthiea Tricholemma and Trisetum.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Helictotrichon". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
^ Besser, Wilibert Swibert Joseph Gottlieb von. 1827. in Schultes, Josef August & Schultes, Julius Hermann. Mantissa in volumen primum [-tertium] :Systematis vegetabilium caroli a Linné 3: 526 in Latin, in observations; page 526 is mislabeled as page 326
^ GrassBase entry
^ "United States Department of Agriculture Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) entry". Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
^ Tropicos, Helictotrichon Besser ex Schult. & Schult. f
^ Missouri Botanical Garden
^ RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 978-1405332965.
^ Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 317 异燕麦属 yi yan mai shu Helictotrichon Besser ex Schultes & J. H. Schultes, Mant. 3 (Addit. I ad Mant. Cl. III): 526 [“326”]. 1827.
^ Altervisita Flora Italiana, genere Helictotrichon

[y-1] Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families

[2] USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Helictotrichon". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 14 May 2015.

[3] Besser, Wilibert Swibert Joseph Gottlieb von. 1827. in Schultes, Josef August & Schultes, Julius Hermann. Mantissa in volumen primum [-tertium] :Systematis vegetabilium caroli a Linné 3: 526 in Latin, in observations; page 526 is mislabeled as page 326

[4] GrassBase entry

[5] "United States Department of Agriculture Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) entry". Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2010-06-13.

[6] Tropicos, Helictotrichon Besser ex Schult. & Schult. f

[7] Missouri Botanical Garden

[RHSAZ-8] RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 978-1405332965.

[9] Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 317 异燕麦属 yi yan mai shu Helictotrichon Besser ex Schultes & J. H. Schultes, Mant. 3 (Addit. I ad Mant. Cl. III): 526 [“326”]. 1827.

[10] Altervisita Flora Italiana, genere Helictotrichon

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Helictotrichon

Helictotrichon sempervirens
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Poales
Family:	Poaceae
Subfamily:	Pooideae
Supertribe:	Poodae
Tribe:	Poeae
Subtribe:	Aveninae
Genus:	Helictotrichon Besser
Type species
Helictotrichon sempervirens (Vill.) Pilg.
Synonyms^[1]
Aristavena F.Albers & Butzin Avenastrum (K.Koch) Opiz Avenochloa Holub Danthorhiza Ten. Elictotrichon Besser ex Andrz. Heuffelia Schur Neoholubia Tzvelev Stipavena Vierh.