Caboloan

Caboloan Luyag na Kaboloan
Before 1225–1576
Capital	Binalatongan (present-day San Carlos)
Common languages	Pangasinan, Old Malay, other Northern Luzon languages
Religion	Buddhism, Hinduism, Animism and folk religion
Government	Monarchy
History
• Established	Before 1225
• Spanish conquest of Pangasinan	1576
Currency	Silver, barter
Succeeded by Captaincy General of the Philippines Pangasinan
Today part of	Philippines

Part of a series on the
Pre-colonial history of the Philippines
Social classes Ruling class (Maginoo, Ginu, Tumao) Apo, Datu Bagani Lakan Panglima Rajah Sultan Thimuay Middle class Timawa Maharlika Commoners, serfs, and slaves Aliping namamahay Alipin sa gigilid Bulisik Bulislis Horohan Uripon
Political entities Luzon Caboloan Cainta Ibalon Ma-i Maynila Namayan Pulilu Sandao Tondo Visayas Cebu Bo-ol/Dapitan Madja-as Mindanao Buayan Butuan Lanao Maguindanao Sanmalan Sulu
Key figures Agustin de Legazpi Azim ud-Din I of Sulu Batarah Shah Tengah Datu Daya Datu Sikatuna Dayang Kalangitan Dimasangcay Adel Dayang Sasaban Gat Pangil Gugu Sarikula Jayadewa Kamal ud-Din Laut Buisan Lakandula Lapulapu Magat Salamat Muedzul Lail Tan Kiram Muhammad Kudarat Sultan Muwallil Wasit Rajah Humabon Rajah Lontok Rajah Matanda Rajah Salalila Rajah Sulayman Rajah Tupas Regimo Diraja Kabungsuwan Sharif ul-Hāshim Sri Lumay Tarik Sulayman Urduja
Primary sources and artifacts Boxer Codex Butuan Ivory Seal Laguna Copperplate Inscription Monreal Stones The Philippine Islands, 1493–1898
By topic Cultural achievements Historiography Monarchs consorts Paramount rulers Religion Warfare
See also: History of the Philippines
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Caboloan (also spelled Kaboloan; Pangasinan: Luyag na Caboloan),^[1] referred to in Literary Chinese records as「馮嘉施蘭」^[2] historically romanized in an atonal Wade-Giles-inspired romanization of Mandarin as Feng-chia-hsi-lan^[3] (Mandarin simplified Chinese: 冯嘉施兰; traditional Chinese: 馮嘉施蘭; pinyin: Féngjiāshīlán; IPA: /fɤŋ˧˥ t͡ɕi̯ä˥ ʂʐ̩˥ län˧˥/) although in Hokkien, it is phonetically read in Chinese: 馮嘉施蘭; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pâng-ka-si-lân; lit. 'Pangasinan'; IPA: /paŋ˨ ka˧ ɕi˧ lan˨˦/, was a sovereign pre-colonial Philippine polity (panarian) located in the Agno River basin and delta, with Binalatongan as the capital.^[4]

Places in the present-day province of Pangasinan like Lingayen Gulf were mentioned as early as 1225, when Lingayen, then known as Li-ying-tung, was listed in Chao Ju-kua's Chu Fan Chih (an account of the various barbarians) as one of the trading places along with Ma-i.^[5] Caboloan sent emissaries to China in 1406–1411.^[3] The emissaries reported three successive paramount leaders of Caboloan to the Chinese: Kamayin on September 23, 1406, Taymey ("Tortoise Shell"), and Liyli in 1408 and 1409, and on December 11, 1411, the emperor tendered the Pangasinan party a state banquet.^[6]

In the 16th century, the Spanish referred to the port settlement of Agoo^[7] as the "Port of Japan".^[8] The locals wore apparel typical of other maritime Southeast Asian ethnic groups in addition to Japanese and Chinese silks. Even common people were clad in Chinese and Japanese cotton garments. They also blackened their teeth and were disgusted by the white teeth of foreigners, which were likened to that of animals. They used porcelain jars typical of Japanese and Chinese households. Japanese-style gunpowder weapons were also encountered in naval battles in the area.^[9] In exchange for these goods, traders from all over Asia would come to trade primarily for gold and slaves but also for deerskins, civets and other local products. Other than a notably more extensive trade network with Japan and China, they were culturally similar to other Luzon groups to the south, especially the Kapampangans and they are neighbors to the Ilocanos too.

Limahong, a Chinese corsair and warlord, briefly invaded the polity after his failure in the Battle of Manila (1574). He then set up an enclave of wokou (Japanese and Chinese pirates) in Pangasinan. Nevertheless, the Mexico-born Juan de Salcedo and his force of Tagalog, Visayan, and Latino soldiers assaulted and destroyed the pirate kingdom and then incorporated the Pangasinan people and their polity into the Spanish East Indies of the Spanish Empire.

• Pangasinan people
• Cultural achievements of pre-colonial Philippines