Hydrazine nitrate

Hydrazine nitrate
Names
Other names
hydrazinium nitrate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.033.341 Edit this at Wikidata
UNII
  • InChI=1S/H4N2.HNO3/c1-2;2-1(3)4/h1-2H2;(H,2,3,4)
    Key: AFEBXVJYLNMAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • NN.[N+](=O)(O)[O-]
Properties
Molar mass 95.02
Appearance Clear liquid
Density 1.64 g/cm3
Melting point 72°C
Soluble in water
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Hydrazine nitrate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula N2H4·HNO3. It has usage in liquid explosives as an oxidizer. It exists in two crystalline forms, stable α-type and unstable β-type. The former is usually used in explosives. Its solubility is small in alcohols but large in water and hydrazine. It has strong hygroscopicity, only slightly lower than ammonium nitrate.[1]

Hydrazine nitrate has a good thermal stability. Its weight loss rate at 100 °C is slower than that of ammonium nitrate. Its explosion point is 307 °C (50% detonation) and explosion heat is about 3.829 MJ/kg. Because it has no carbon elements, the detonation products are not solid and their average molecular weight is small.[1]

Production

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Hydrazine nitrate is produced by the reaction of hydrazine and nitric acid:[2]

N2H4 + HNO3 → N2H5NO3

References

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  1. ^ a b Liu, Jiping (2015). Liquid Explosives. Springer. p. 6. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-45847-1. ISBN 9783662458464.
  2. ^ D. G. Karraker (1981). Cu(II) - Catalyzed Hydrazine Reduction of Ferric Nitrate (PDF) (Technical report). United States Department of Energy. doi:10.2172/5658572.