Jendrassik Cs-1

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Cs-1
Jendrassik Cs-1 displayed in Budapest
Type	Turboprop
National origin	Hungary
Manufacturer	Ganz Works
Designer	György Jendrassik
First run	1940
Major applications	Varga RMI-1 X/H

The Jendrassik Cs-1 was the world's first working turboprop engine. It was designed by Hungarian engineer György Jendrassik in 1937, and was intended to power a Hungarian twin-engine heavy fighter, the RMI-1.

György Jendrassik worked on gas turbines and in order to speed up research, he established the Invention Development and Marketing Co. Ltd. in 1936. Following the successful running of a small experimental gas turbine engine of 100 bhp output in 1937, began to design a larger turboprop engine, which would be produced and tested in the Ganz works in Budapest.^[1]

Of axial-flow design with 15-stage compressor and 7-stage turbine, it incorporated many modern features. These included a rigid compressor-turbine rotor assembly carried on front and rear bearings. There was a single annular combustion chamber, of reverse-flow configuration to shorten the engine, air cooling of the turbine discs and turbine blades with extended roots to reduce heat transfer to the disc. The annular air intake surrounded a reduction gear for propeller drive takeoff, and the exhaust duct was also annular.^[1]

With predicted output of 1,000 bhp at 13,500 rpm the Cs-1 stirred interest in the Hungarian aircraft industry with its potential to power a modern generation of high-performance aircraft, and construction of a twin-engined fighter-bomber powered by Cs-1s, the Varga RMI-1 X/H, began.

The first bench run took place in 1940, becoming the world's first turboprop engine to run. However, combustion problems were experienced which limited the output to around 400 bhp.^[2]

Work on the engine stopped in 1941 when the Royal Hungarian Air Force selected the Messerschmitt Me 210 Ca-1 for the heavy fighter role, and the engine factory converted to producing the Daimler-Benz DB 605 to power these. The prototype RMI-1 was later fitted with these engines in 1944.

Related development

• Varga RMI-1 X/H

Related lists

• List of aircraft engines

Notes

Bibliography

• Gunston, Bill (2006). The Development of Jet and Turbine Aero Engines, 4th Edition. Sparkford, Somerset, England, UK: Patrick Stephens, Haynes Publishing. ISBN 0-7509-4477-3.
• Gunston, Bill (2006). World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines, 5th Edition. Phoenix Mill, Gloucestershire, England, UK: Sutton Publishing Limited. ISBN 0-7509-4479-X.