French
DeutschJudeo-Manado Malay
| Judeo-Manado Malay | |
|---|---|
| Yahudi-Melayu Manado | |
.jpg) An sentence example of a Judeo-Manado Malay that means 'we are the children of the Hebrews' | |
| Native to | Indonesia |
| Region | North Sulawesi |
| Ethnicity | Indonesian Jews |
| Extinct | (date missing) |
Malay-based creole
| |
| Hebrew | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | None |
Judeo-Manado Malay is a Manado Malay language spoken by a small community of Indonesian Jews in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Based on Manado Malay grammar with a standard Jewish accent, as well as influences from languages such as Dutch, Portuguese, Minahasan, even Spanish and Hebrew.[1]
If they still exist, they are probably only in the form of basic vocabulary in their religious prayers and toponymy in their family names.[2]
History
[edit]The history of the presence of Jews in Indonesia began with the arrival of the first European explorers and settlers, and the first Jews arrived here in the 17th century.[3] Most Indonesian Jews come from Southern Europe, England, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, France, Middle East, North Africa, India, China, and Latin America. Jews in Indonesia today constitute a very small Jewish community, around 500–1,000 people, from a low of around 20 people in 1997.[4]
Presently, most Indonesian Jews live in Manado on the island of Sulawesi, where they assimilated into the Christian Minahasan people.[5] With evidence of their existence found through their worship, and sometimes their Jewish vocabulary in worship.[6]
Usage
[edit]Traces of its use are very few, but some evidence that can be taken are the their family names, such as Menashe, Cohen, Baruch, Mussry, Abraham, Rijkers, and others.[2] Also the names of their places of worship, such as Sha'ar Hashamayim Synagogue in Tondano, near Manado.[7]
Most likely extinct due to assimilation, as well as fear of threats to their safety from the Indonesian population, which is mainly Muslims. This is especially related to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict which has been going on since 1948.[8][9]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Pretince, Jack (1994). Manado Malay: Product and agent of language change. New York: De Gruyter Mouton. doi:10.1515/9783110883091.411.
- ^ a b Aryani, Sekar Ayu (2022). "Dialectic of Religion and National Identity in North Sulawesi Jewish Communities in The Perspective of Cross-Cultural and Religious Psychology". Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies. Yogyakarta, Indonesia: UIN Sunan Kalijaga. doi:10.14421/ajis.2022.601.199-226.
- ^ Klemperer-Markman, Ayala. "The Jewish Community of Indonesia". The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 25 June 2018.
- ^ Fishkoff, Sue (August 15, 2024). "South Bay rabbi delivers fourth Torah scroll to Indonesia's Jewish communities". www.jweekly.com.
- ^ Menashe, Yonatan. "The Lost Jews of Manado". kulanu.org. Retrieved 2024-09-12.
- ^ Brieger, Peter; Buol, Ronny (5 March 2019). "On remote island in Muslim-majority Indonesia, Jewish community lives in shadows". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
- ^ Hussain, Zakir (February 18, 2013). "Indonesia's Only Synagogue Struggles to Find Wider Acceptance". Straits Times. Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 8 October 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
- ^ Haime, Jordyn (2023-11-29). "Despite unrest in Indonesia, a Jewish community finds peace among other faith groups". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved 2024-08-21.
- ^ "Jews in Indonesia hide in 'religious closet' as anti-Israel sentiment flares". South China Morning Post. 2023-11-14. Retrieved 2024-08-21.
