List of Indigenous Australian politicians

Ken Wyatt (left) was the Coalition's first and only Indigenous Australian member of the Australian House of Representatives. Linda Burney (right) is the ALP's first Indigenous Australian MP; later joined by Gordon Reid and Marion Scrymgour.

This list of Indigenous Australian politicians includes Indigenous Australians who have been members of Australian legislatures—federal, state or territory. It does not include those elected to local councils (including mayors), Governors/Governors-General, leaders of political parties (outside of parliament), Indigenous Australians actively involved in political institutions and those who have run unsuccessfully for office.

There have been 53 Indigenous members of the ten Australian legislatures, beginning when Neville Bonner entered the Australian Senate on 15 August 1971. Of these, 23 have been elected to the Northern Territory assembly, eleven to the Australian Federal Parliament, six to the parliament of Western Australia, five to the parliament of Queensland, two each to the parliaments of Tasmania, Victoria and New South Wales, and one each to the parliament of South Australia and the Australian Capital Territory assembly. Three have served in multiple parliaments.

As of 2023, Indigenous Australians make up 10.5% of the Senate and 1.9% of the House of Representatives. The total representation is at 4.8%, which is above their representation in the total population (3.3%).[1]

Out of the 53 Indigenous Australians elected or appointed to any Australian parliament, 24 have been women.

Nobody of acknowledged Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander ancestry has yet been a member of the Norfolk Island assembly.

Note: There is considerable debate surrounding the complexity of Indigenous identity. Therefore, this list only includes those who identify themselves as Indigenous Australian. Also note that "origin" or "ancestry" refers to the Indigenous groups, communities, countries, place names or languages which that person identifies with. Some individuals do not have any specific Indigenous group identity and some have multiple identities.

Federal Parliament

[edit]

Fifteen Indigenous Australian people have been members of the Parliament of Australia (the Federal Parliament), eleven in the Senate and four in the House of Representatives. Ten of them are in it today.

No. Name Party Chamber Constituency Origin Term start Term end Term length Ref
1 Neville Bonner   Liberal Senate Queensland Jagera 15 August 1971 4 February 1983 11 years, 173 days [2]
2 Aden Ridgeway   Democrats Senate New South Wales Gumbaynggirr 1 July 1999 30 June 2005 5 years, 364 days [3]
3 Ken Wyatt   Liberal House Hasluck (WA) Noongar
Wangai
Yamatji		 21 August 2010 21 May 2022 11 years, 273 days [4]
4 Nova Peris   Labor Senate Northern Territory Gija (WA)
Iwaidja
Yawuru (WA)		 7 September 2013 9 May 2016 2 years, 245 days [5]
5 Joanna Lindgren   Liberal Senate Queensland Jagera
Mununjali		 21 May 2015 2 July 2016 1 year, 42 days [6]
6 Pat Dodson   Labor Senate Western Australia Yawuru 28 April 2016 26 January 2024 7 years, 273 days [7]
7 Linda Burney   Labor House Barton (NSW) Wiradjuri 2 July 2016 incumbent 8 years, 140 days
8 Malarndirri McCarthy   Labor Senate Northern Territory Yanyuwa 2 July 2016 incumbent 8 years, 140 days
9 Lidia Thorpe   Greens Senate Victoria Djab Wurrung
Gunai
Gunditjmara		 4 September 2020 6 February 2023 4 years, 76 days [8][9]
  Independent 6 February 2023 incumbent
10 Dorinda Cox   Greens Senate Western Australia Yamatji
Noongar		 14 September 2021 incumbent 3 years, 66 days [10]
11 Jana Stewart   Labor Senate Victoria Muthi Muthi
Wemba-Wemba		 6 April 2022 incumbent 2 years, 227 days [11]
12 Jacinta Nampijinpa Price   Country Liberal Party Senate Northern Territory Warlpiri 21 May 2022 incumbent 2 years, 182 days [12]
13 Gordon Reid   Labor House Robertson (NSW) Wiradjuri 21 May 2022 incumbent 2 years, 182 days [12]
14 Marion Scrymgour   Labor House Lingiari (NT) Tiwi 21 May 2022 incumbent 2 years, 182 days [12]
15 Kerrynne Liddle   Liberal Senate South Australia Arrernte 1 July 2022 incumbent 2 years, 141 days

At least four other members of the Federal Parliament have acknowledged Indigenous ancestry, but are or were not generally regarded as Indigenous themselves.

No. Name Party Chamber Constituency Ancestry Term start Term end Ref
1 David Kennedy   Labor House Bendigo (Vic.) Palawa 7 June 1969 2 December 1972 [13]
2 Mal Brough   Liberal House Longman (Qld) unknown (WA) 2 March 1996 24 November 2007 [14]
  Liberal Fisher (Qld) 7 September 2013 9 May 2016
3 Kerry Rea   Labor House Bonner (Qld) not stated 24 November 2007 21 August 2010 [15]
4 Jacqui Lambie   PUP Senate Tasmania Palawa 1 July 2014 24 November 2014 [16]
  Independent 24 November 2014 14 May 2015
  JLN 14 May 2015 14 November 2017
1 July 2019 incumbent

Timeline

[edit]
Kerrynne LiddleMarion ScrymgourGordon Reid (politician)Jacinta Nampijinpa PriceJana StewartDorinda CoxLidia ThorpeMalarndirri McCarthyLinda BurneyPat DodsonJoanna LindgrenNova PerisKen WyattAden RidgewayNeville Bonner

Parliament of the Australian Capital Territory

[edit]

One Indigenous Australian person has been a member of the unicameral Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly.

No. Name Party Constituency Origin Term start Term end Ref
1 Chris Bourke   Labor Ginninderra 1 June 2011 15 October 2016 [17]

Parliament of New South Wales

[edit]

Four Indigenous Australians have been a members of the Parliament of New South Wales.

No. Name Party Chamber Constituency Origin Term start Term end Ref
1 Linda Burney   Labor Legislative Assembly Canterbury Wiradjuri 22 March 2003 6 May 2016 [18]
2 Lynda Voltz   Labor Legislative Council 24 March 2007 28 February 2019 [19]
  Legislative Assembly Auburn 23 March 2019 incumbent [20]
3 Jai Rowell   Liberal Legislative Assembly Wollondilly 26 March 2011 17 December 2018 [21]
4 Greg Warren   Labor Legislative Assembly Campbelltown Yuin 28 March 2015 incumbent [22]

Parliament of the Northern Territory

[edit]

Twenty-four Indigenous Australian people have been members of the unicameral Parliament of the Northern Territory.

No. Name Party Constituency Origin Term start Term end Ref
1 Hyacinth Tungutalum   CLP Tiwi Tiwi 19 October 1974 13 August 1977 [23]
2 Neville Perkins   Labor MacDonnell Arrernte 13 August 1977 6 March 1981
3 Wes Lanhupuy   Labor Arnhem Yolngu 3 December 1983 25 August 1995
4 Stan Tipiloura   Labor Arafura Tiwi 7 March 1987 20 September 1992
5 Maurice Rioli   Labor Arafura Tiwi 7 November 1992 17 August 2001
6 Jack Ah Kit   Labor Arnhem Arrernte 7 October 1995 18 June 2005
7 Matthew Bonson   Labor Millner 18 August 2001 8 August 2008
8 Elliot McAdam   Labor Barkly Jingili 18 August 2001 8 August 2008
9 Marion Scrymgour   Labor Arafura Tiwi 18 August 2001 4 June 2009 [24]
  Independent 4 June 2009 4 August 2009
  Labor 4 August 2009 6 August 2012
10 Alison Anderson   Labor MacDonnell Arrernte 18 June 2005 4 August 2009
  Independent 4 August 2009 9 September 2011
  CLP 9 September 2011 25 August 2012
Namatjira 25 August 2012 4 April 2014
  Independent 4 April 2014 27 April 2014
  PUP 27 April 2014 29 November 2014
  Independent 29 November 2014 8 August 2016
11 Malarndirri McCarthy   Labor Arnhem Yanyuwa 18 June 2005 6 August 2012 [25]
12 Karl Hampton   Labor Stuart Warlpiri, Ngulikan and Mara 23 September 2006 6 August 2012
13 Adam Giles   CLP Braitling Kamilaroi (NSW) 9 August 2008 27 August 2016
14 Francis Xavier Kurrupuwu   CLP Arafura Tiwi 25 August 2012 4 April 2014
  Independent 4 April 2014 27 April 2014
  PUP 27 April 2014 8 September 2014
  CLP 8 September 2014 27 August 2016
15 Larisa Lee   CLP Arnhem Jawoyn 25 August 2012 4 April 2014
  Independent 4 April 2014 27 April 2014
  PUP 27 April 2014 29 November 2014
  Independent 29 November 2014 27 August 2016
16 Ken Vowles   Labor Johnston 25 August 2012 31 January 2020
17 Bess Price   CLP Stuart Warlpiri 25 August 2012 27 August 2016
18 Lawrence Costa   Labor Arafura Tiwi 27 August 2016 17 December 2022
19 Selena Uibo   Labor Arnhem Nunggubuyu, Warnindhilyagwa[26] 27 August 2016 incumbent
20 Ngaree Ah Kit   Labor Karama 27 August 2016 incumbent
21 Chansey Paech   Labor Namatjira Eastern Arrernte/Gurindji[26] 27 August 2016 incumbent
22 Yingiya Mark Guyula   Independent Nhulunbuy Yolngu 27 August 2016 incumbent
23 Dheran Young   Labor Daly Yaegl (NSW)[27] 11 September 2021 incumbent
24 Manuel Brown   Labor Arafura Tiwi 18 March 2023 incumbent [28]

Parliament of Queensland

[edit]

Five Indigenous Australian people have been members of the unicameral Parliament of Queensland.

No. Name Party Constituency Origin Term start Term end Ref
1 Eric Deeral   Country Cook Guugu Yimithirr 7 December 1974 12 November 1977 [29]
2 Leeanne Enoch   Labor Algester Nunukul
Quandamooka		 31 January 2015 incumbent [30]
3 Billy Gordon   Labor Cook 31 January 2015 29 March 2015 [31]
  Independent 29 March 2015 25 November 2017
4 Cynthia Lui   Labor Cook Torres Strait Islanders 25 November 2017 incumbent [32]
5 Lance McCallum   Labor Bundamba Gubbi Gubbi 28 March 2020 incumbent [33]

Parliament of South Australia

[edit]

One Indigenous Australian person has been a member of the Parliament of South Australia.

No. Name Party Chamber Constituency Origin Term start Term end Ref
1 Kyam Maher   Labor Legislative Council Statewide Palawa 17 October 2012 incumbent [34]

Parliament of Tasmania

[edit]

Two Indigenous Australian people have been a member of the Parliament of Tasmania.

No. Name Party Chamber Constituency Origin Term start Term end Ref
1 Kathryn Hay   Labor House of Assembly Bass Noongar (WA) 20 July 2002 18 March 2006 [35]
2 Jennifer Houston   Labor House of Assembly Bass Palawa 3 March 2018 13 May 2021 [36][37][38]

At least one other member of the Parliament of Tasmania has acknowledged Indigenous ancestry, but is not generally regarded as Indigenous themself.

No. Name Party Chamber Constituency Ancestry Term start Term end Ref
1 Paul Harriss   Independent Legislative Council Huon 25 May 1996 24 February 2014 [39]
  Liberal House of Assembly Franklin 15 March 2014 18 February 2016

Parliament of Victoria

[edit]

Two Indigenous Australian people have been members of the Parliament of Victoria.

No. Name Party Chamber Constituency Origin Term start Term end Ref
1 Lidia Thorpe   Greens Legislative Assembly Northcote Djab Wurrung
Gunai
Gunditjmara		 18 November 2017 24 November 2018 [40]
2 Sheena Watt   Labor Legislative Council Northern Metropolitan Yorta Yorta 13 October 2020 incumbent [41]

At least two members have had acknowledged Indigenous ancestry, but were not generally regarded as Indigenous themselves.

No. Name Party Chamber Constituency Ancestry Term start Term end Ref
1 Cyril Kennedy   Labor Legislative Council Waverley Palawa 5 May 1979 2 October 1992 [42]
2 David Kennedy   Labor Legislative Assembly Bendigo Palawa 3 April 1982 1 March 1985 [13]
  Bendigo West 1 March 1985 2 October 1992

Parliament of Western Australia

[edit]

Four Indigenous Australian people have been members of the Parliament of Western Australia, all of whom were elected to the Legislative Assembly until Rosetta Sahanna was elected to the Legislative Council in 2021.

No. Name Party Chamber Constituency Origin Term start Term end Ref
1 Ernie Bridge   Labor Legislative Assembly Kimberley 23 February 1980 27 July 1996 [43]
  Independent 27 July 1996 10 February 2001
2 Carol Martin   Labor Legislative Assembly Kimberley 10 February 2001 9 March 2013 [44]
3 Ben Wyatt   Labor Legislative Assembly Victoria Park Yamatji 11 March 2006 13 March 2021 [45]
4 Josie Farrer   Labor Legislative Assembly Kimberley Gija 9 March 2013 13 March 2021
5 Divina D'Anna   Labor Legislative Assembly Kimberley Yawuru
Nimanburru
Bardi		 13 March 2021 incumbent [46]
6 Rosetta Sahanna   Labor Legislative Council Mining and Pastoral Wilinggin 22 May 2021 incumbent [47]

At least one other member of the Parliament of Western Australia has acknowledged Indigenous ancestry, but is not generally regarded as Indigenous themself.

No. Name Party Chamber Constituency Ancestry Term start Term end Ref
1 Zak Kirkup   Liberal Legislative Assembly Dawesville Yamatji 11 March 2017 13 March 2021 [1]

Notable unsuccessful candidates

[edit]

Many Indigenous Australians have also stood unsuccessfully for office. This is a list of other notable Indigenous Australians to have run in state, territory or federal elections.

Name Party Constituency Election Origin Ref
Harold Blair   Labor Mentone 1964 Victoria [48]
Oodgeroo Noonuccal   Labor Greenslopes 1969 Queensland Nunukul [49]
  Democrats Redlands 1983 Queensland
Gordon Briscoe   Australia Northern Territory (HoR division) 1972 federal Marduntjara
Pitjantjatjara		 [50]
Pat Eatock   Independent Australian Capital Territory (HoR division) 1972 federal Gayiri [51][52]
Pat O'Shane   Communist New South Wales (Senate) 1974 federal Kuku Yalanji [53]
  Socialist Alliance Leichhardt 2022 federal
Gatjil Djerrkura   Country Liberal Arnhem 1980 Northern Territory Wanguri Yolŋu [54]
Rosalie Kunoth-Monks   Country Liberal MacDonnell 1980 Northern Territory Anmatyerr
Arrernte		 [55][56]
1981 MacDonnell by-election (Northern Territory)
  First Nations Northern Territory (Senate) 2013 federal
Galarrwuy Yunupingu   Independent Northern Territory (HoR division) 1980 federal Gumatj Yolŋu [57]
Burnum Burnum   Independent New South Wales (Senate) 1983 federal Woiwurrung
Wurundjeri
Yorta Yorta		 [58]
1984 federal
  Democrats North Shore 1988 North Shore by-election (New South Wales)
Vincent Forrester   Independent Northern Territory (Senate) 1984 federal Arrernte
Luritja		 [59]
Stuart 1987 Northern Territory
MacDonnell 2005 Northern Territory
  Greens Namatjira 2016 Northern Territory
Michael Mansell   Independent Tasmania (Senate) 1987 federal Pinterrairer Palawa
Trawlwoolway Palawa		 [57]
Ruby Hammond   Independent Port Adelaide 1988 Port Adelaide by-election (federal) Arrernte
Tanganekald Ngarrindjeri		 [60]
Darby McCarthy   Indigenous Peoples Clayfield 1992 Queensland Gunggari [61][62]
Queensland (Senate) 1993 federal
Clarrie Isaacs   Independent Fremantle 1993 Western Australia Noongar [63][64]
Racism No! South Metropolitan Region 1996 Western Australia
  Independent Western Australia (Senate) 2001 federal
Sam Watson   Indigenous Peoples Fisher 1993 federal Birri Gubba
Mununjali Yugambeh		 [65]
Queensland (Senate) 1996 federal
  Independent[a] 2001 federal
  Socialist Alliance 2004 federal
  Independent[a] Brisbane Central 2006 Queensland
  Socialist Alliance Queensland (Senate) 2007 federal
  Independent[a] South Brisbane 2009 Queensland
  Socialist Alliance Queensland (Senate) 2010 federal
Cedric Wyatt   Liberal Kalgoorlie 1996 federal Yamatji [67]
Warren Mundine   Labor Dubbo 1999 New South Wales Bundjalung
Gumbaynggirr
Yuin		 [68][69][70]
New South Wales (Senate) 2001 federal
Legislative Council (statewide) 2003 New South Wales
  Liberal Gilmore 2019 federal
Geoff Clark   Independent Frankston East 1999 Victoria (supplementary) Gunditjmara [71]
Andrea Mason   Family First Adelaide 2002 South Australia Karonie
Ngaanyatjarra		 [72][73][74]
South Australia (Senate) 2004 federal
Tauto Sansbury   Independent No Empty Promises Just Results Legislative Council (statewide) 2002 South Australia Narungga [75][76]
  Labor Flinders 2010 South Australia
Grey 2010 federal
Richard Frankland   Independent[b] Victoria 2004 federal Gunditjmara [78]
Kado Muir   Greens Kalgoorlie 2004 federal Ngalia [79]
Mining and Pastoral Region 2005 Western Australia
Western Australia (Senate) 2010 federal
Mining and Pastoral Region 2013 Western Australia
  Nationals Western Australia (Senate) 2016 federal
Mark West   Family First Solomon 2004 federal [80]
Marcia Ella-Duncan   Greens New South Wales (Senate) 2007 federal Yuin [81][82]
Warren H Williams   Greens Northern Territory (Senate) 2010 federal Arrernte [83][84]
  First Nations Namatjira 2012 Northern Territory
  Greens Northern Territory (Senate) 2013 federal
Russell Jeffrey   Labor Brennan 2012 Northern Territory [85]
Dean Rioli   Labor Arafura 2012 Northern Territory Tiwi [86]
Eileen Cummings   First Nations Solomon 2013 federal Ngalakgan [87]
Des Headland   Palmer United Durack 2013 federal Noongar
Yamatji		 [88][89]
Western Australia (Senate) 2014 special Western Australia Senate (federal)
David Wirrpanda   Nationals Western Australia (Senate) 2013 federal Yolŋu
Yorta Yorta		 [90][91]
Ken Canning   Socialist Alliance New South Wales (Senate) 2016 federal Bidjara [92]
Josephine Cashman   One Nation Lyne 2022 federal Worimi [93]
Rod Jensen   Katter's Australian Leichhardt 2022 federal [93]
Celeste Liddle   Greens Cooper 2022 federal Arrernte [94]
  1. ^ a b c While Watson appeared on the ballot paper as an independent on these occasions, he was endorsed by Socialist Alliance, which was not registered with the relevant electoral commission for those elections.[66]
  2. ^ While Frankland appeared on the ballot paper as an independent, he was endorsed by the Indigenous-focussed party Your Voice, which was not registered with the Australian Electoral Commission.[77]

See also

[edit]

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  89. ^ "Dio Wang again leads PUP ticket for WA Senate". WAtoday. 28 February 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2023.
  90. ^ "David Wirrpanda". Business News. Retrieved 19 February 2023.
  91. ^ "Wirrpanda nominates for Nationals". West Coast Eagles. 12 June 2013. Retrieved 19 February 2023.
  92. ^ "Election 2016: Ken Canning". NITV News. 20 May 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2023.
  93. ^ a b Collard, Sarah (15 February 2022). "Meet the Indigenous candidates vying for your vote". NITV. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
  94. ^ Perry, Jodan (14 May 2021). "Celeste Liddle to run for Greens in Victorian seat of Cooper". NITV. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
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