Country | Position(s) designated to act as head of state | Incumbent(s) | Since |
Albania | Speaker of the Parliament | Elisa Spiropali | 30 July 2024 |
Algeria | President of the Council of the Nation | Salah Goudjil | 10 April 2019 |
Armenia | President of the National Assembly | Alen Simonyan | 2 August 2021 |
Prime Minister (if the above cannot exercise their duties) | Nikol Pashinyan | 8 May 2018 |
Australia | Administrator of the Commonwealth[d] | Margaret Beazley (Governor of New South Wales) | 9 August 2023 |
Austria | Presidium of the National Council | Wolfgang Sobotka (President) Doris Bures (Second President) Norbert Hofer (Third President) | 20 December 2017 9 November 2017 20 December 2017 |
Barbados | President of the Senate (for absolute absences) | Reginald Farley | 10 April 2019 |
Belarus | Prime Minister | Roman Golovchenko | 4 June 2020 |
Cameroon | Prime Minister (for temporary absences) | Joseph Ngute | 4 January 2019 |
President of the Senate (for absolute absences) | Marcel Niat Njifenji | 12 June 2013 |
Canada | Administrator of the Government of Canada | Richard Wagner (Chief Justice) | 18 December 2017 |
Cape Verde | President of the National Assembly | Austelino Tavares Correia | 19 May 2021 |
Central African Republic | President of the National Assembly | Simplice Sarandji | 5 May 2021 |
Chile | Minister of the Interior and Public Security | Carolina Tohá | 7 September 2022 |
Comoros | Governor of the island currently holding the presidency[e] | Mhoudine Sitti Farouata (Governor of Grande Comore) | 11 November 2021 |
Congo, Democratic Republic of the | President of the Senate | Modeste Bahati Lukwebo | 5 February 2021 |
Congo, Republic of the | President of the Senate | Pierre Ngolo | 25 August 2011 |
President of the National Assembly (if the above cannot exercise their duties) | Isidore Mvouba | 19 August 2017 |
Prime Minister (if neither of the above can exercise their duties) | Anatole Collinet Makosso | 12 May 2021 |
Croatia | Speaker of Parliament | Gordan Jandroković | 5 May 2017 |
Cyprus | President of the House of Representatives[f] | Annita Demetriou | 10 June 2021 |
Czech Republic | Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies Prime Minister | Markéta Pekarová Adamová Petr Fiala | 10 November 2021 17 December 2021 |
Djibouti | Prime Minister (for temporary absences) | Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed | 1 April 2013 |
President of the Supreme Court (for absolute absences) | Abdourahman Cheick Mohamed | |
East Timor | President of National Parliament | Maria Fernanda Lay | 22 June 2023 |
Egypt | Prime Minister (for temporary absences)[f] | Mostafa Madbouly | 14 June 2018 |
Speaker of the House of Representatives[g] (for absolute absences) | Hanafy El Gebaly | 12 January 2021 |
Eritrea | Chairman of the National Assembly | Isaias Afwerki | 1 February 1994 |
Estonia | Speaker of the Riigikogu | Lauri Hussar | 10 April 2023 |
France | President of the Senate | Gérard Larcher | 1 October 2014 |
Fiji | Chief Justice | Salesi Temo (Acting) | 30 January 2023 |
Finland | Prime Minister | Petteri Orpo | 20 June 2023 |
Gabon | President of the Senate | Paulette Missambo | 18 September 2023 |
Georgia | Chairperson of the Parliament | Shalva Papuashvili | 29 December 2021 |
Germany | President of the Bundesrat | Manuela Schwesig (Minister-President of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) | 1 November 2023 |
Greece | Speaker of the Hellenic Parliament | Konstantinos Tasoulas | 18 July 2019 |
Guinea | President of the National Assembly | Dansa Kourouma | 5 February 2022 |
Guinea-Bissau | President of the National People's Assembly | Domingos Simões Pereira | 27 July 2023 |
Hungary | Speaker of the National Assembly | László Kövér | 6 August 2010 |
Iceland | Prime Minister Speaker of the Alþing President of the Supreme Court | Bjarni Benediktsson Birgir Ármannsson Benedikt Bogason | 9 April 2024 1 December 2021 1 September 2020 |
Iraq | Speaker of the Council of Representatives[f] | Mohamed Al-Halbousi | 15 September 2018 |
Ireland | Presidential Commission | Donal O'Donnell (Chief Justice) Jerry Buttimer (Cathaoirleach) Seán Ó Fearghaíl (Ceann Comhairle) | 11 October 2021 16 December 2022 10 March 2016 |
Israel | Acting President (for temporary absences) | Amir Ohana (Speaker of the Knesset) | 29 December 2022 |
Interim President (for absolute absences) |
Italy | President of the Senate | Ignazio La Russa | 13 October 2022 |
Ivory Coast | Prime Minister[h] | Robert Beugré Mambé | 17 October 2023 |
Kazakhstan | Chairman of the Senate | Mäulen Äşimbaev | 4 May 2020 |
Kyrgyzstan | Speaker of the Supreme Council | Nurlanbek Shakiev | 5 October 2022 |
Latvia | Speaker of the Saeima | Daiga Mieriņa | 20 September 2023 |
Lithuania | Speaker of the Seimas | Viktorija Čmilytė-Nielsen | 14 November 2016 |
Madagascar | President of the Senate | Richard Ravalomanana | 13 October 2023 |
Malaysia | Deputy Yang di-Pertuan Agong | Nazrin Shah of Perak (Sultan of Perak)[i] | 13 December 2016 |
Malta | Speaker of the House of Representatives[j] | Angelo Farrugia | 6 April 2013 |
Mauritania | President of the National Assembly | Cheikh Ahmed Baye | 9 October 2018 |
Mexico | Secretary of the Interior[k] | Luisa María Alcalde Luján | 19 June 2023 |
Moldova | President of the Parliament | Igor Grosu | 29 July 2021 |
Prime Minister (if the above cannot exercise their duties) | Dorin Recean | 16 February 2023 |
Mongolia | Chairman of the State Great Khural | Gombojavyn Zandanshatar | 1 February 2019 |
Montenegro | President of the Parliament | Andrija Mandić | 30 October 2023 |
Mozambique | President of the Assembly of the Republic | Esperança Bias | 13 January 2020 |
New Zealand | Administrator of the Government | Helen Winkelmann (Chief Justice of New Zealand) | 14 March 2019 |
North Macedonia | President of the Assembly | Afrim Gashi | 28 May 2024 |
Pakistan | Chairman of the Senate | Yusuf Raza Gilani | 9 April 2024 |
Palestine | Speaker of the Palestinian Legislative Council | Aziz Dweik | 29 March 2006 |
Peru | President of Congress | Eduardo Salhuana | 26 July 2024 |
Poland | Marshal of the Sejm | Szymon Hołownia | 13 November 2023 |
Portugal | President of the Assembly of the Republic | José Pedro Aguiar-Branco | 29 March 2022 |
Romania | President of the Senate | Nicolae Ciucă | 13 June 2023 |
Russia | Prime Minister | Mikhail Mishustin | 16 January 2020 |
Rwanda | President of the Senate | François-Xavier Kalinda | 9 January 2023 |
President of the Chamber of Deputies (if the above cannot exercise their duties) | Donatille Mukabalisa | 3 October 2013 |
Prime Minister (if neither of the above can exercise their duties) | Édouard Ngirente | 30 August 2017 |
São Tomé and Príncipe | President of the National Assembly | Celmira Sacramento | 8 November 2022 |
Senegal | President of the National Assembly | Amadou Mame Diop | 12 September 2022 |
Serbia | President of the National Assembly | Ana Brnabić | 20 March 2024 |
Singapore | Chairman of the Council of Presidential Advisers | Eddie Teo | 2 January 2019 |
Speaker of the Parliament (if the above cannot exercise their duties) | Seah Kian Peng | 2 August 2023 |
Slovakia | Speaker of the National Council Prime Minister | Peter Žiga (Acting) Robert Fico | 7 April 2024 25 October 2023 |
Slovenia | Speaker of the National Assembly | Urška Klakočar Zupančič | 13 May 2022 |
Somalia | President of the House of the People | Aden Madobe | 10 April 2022 |
Sri Lanka | Prime Minister | Harini Amarasuriya | 24 September 2024 |
Syria | Prime Minister[h] | Hussein Arnous | 17 July 2021 |
Tajikistan | Chairman of the National Assembly | Rustam Emomali | 17 April 2020 |
Togo | President of the National Assembly | Yawa Djigbodi Tségan | 24 January 2019 |
Trinidad and Tobago | President of the Senate | Nigel de Freitas | 18 January 2023 |
Tunisia | Prime Minister | Kamel Madouri | 7 August 2024 |
Turkmenistan | Speaker of the Assembly | Dünýägözel Gulmanowa | 6 April 2023 |
Ukraine | Chairperson of the Verkhovna Rada | Ruslan Stefanchuk | 8 October 2021 |
Vanuatu | Speaker of the Parliament | Seule Simeon | 15 June 2021 |