List of diplomatic missions in Indonesia

This is a list of diplomatic missions in Indonesia. At present, the capital city of Jakarta hosts 107 embassies. As Jakarta hosts the headquarters of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), the city also hosts missions of both members and observers to the organization. In practice, missions to ASEAN could be integrated or separated from their respective embassies to Indonesia.

This listing excludes honorary consulates.


Map of diplomatic missions in Indonesia


Diplomatic missions in Jakarta

[edit]

Embassies

[edit]
  1.  Afghanistan[a][1]
  2.  Algeria[2]
  3.  Angola[3][4]
  4.  Argentina[5]
  5.  Armenia[6]
  6.  Australia[7]
  7.  Austria[8]
  8.  Azerbaijan[9]
  9.  Bahrain[10]
  10.  Bangladesh[11]
  11.  Belarus[12]
  12.  Belgium[13]
  13.  Bosnia and Herzegovina[14]
  14.  Brazil[15]
  15.  Brunei[16]
  16.  Bulgaria[17]
  17.  Cambodia[18]
  18.  Canada[19]
  19.  Chile[20]
  20.  China[21]
  21.  Colombia[22]
  22.  Costa Rica[23]
  23.  Croatia[24]
  24.  Cuba[25]
  25.  Cyprus[26]
  26.  Czech Republic[27]
  27.  Denmark[28]
  28.  Ecuador[29]
  29.  Egypt[30]
  30.  Ethiopia[31]
  31.  Fiji[32]
  32.  Finland[33]
  33.  France[34]
  34.  Georgia[35]
  35.  Germany[36]
  36.  Greece[37]
  37.  Guatemala[38]
  38.  Holy See[39]
  39.  Hungary[40]
  40.  India[41]
  41.  Iran[42]
  42.  Iraq[43]
  43.  Ireland[44]
  44.  Italy[45]
  45.  Japan[46]
  46.  Jordan[47]
  47.  Kazakhstan[48]
  48.  Kenya[49]
  49.  Kuwait[50]
  50.  Laos[51]
  51.  Lebanon[52]
  52.  Libya[53]
  53.  Malaysia[54]
  54.  Mauritania[55]
  55.  Mexico[56]
  56.  Morocco[57]
  57.  Mozambique[58]
  58.  Myanmar[59]
  59.  Netherlands[60]
  60.  New Zealand[61]
  61.  Nigeria[62]
  62.  North Korea[63]
  63.  Norway[64]
  64.  Oman[65]
  65.  Pakistan[66]
  66.  Palestine[67]
  67.  Panama[68]
  68.  Papua New Guinea[69]
  69.  Peru[70]
  70.  Philippines[71]
  71.  Poland[72]
  72.  Portugal[73]
  73.  Qatar[74]
  74.  Romania[75]
  75.  Russia[76]
  76.  Rwanda[77][78]
  77.  San Marino[79]
  78.  Saudi Arabia[80]
  79.  Serbia[81]
  80.  Singapore[82]
  81.  Slovakia[83]
  82.  Solomon Islands[84]
  83.  Somalia[85]
  84.  South Africa[86]
  85.  South Korea[87]
  86.  Spain[88]
  87.  Sri Lanka[89]
  88.  Sudan[90]
  89.  Suriname[91]
  90.  Sweden[92]
  91.  Switzerland[93]
  92.  Syria[94]
  93.  Tanzania[95]
  94.  Thailand[96]
  95.  Timor-Leste[97]
  96.  Tunisia[98]
  97.  Turkey[99]
  98.  Ukraine[100]
  99.  United Arab Emirates[101]
  100.  United Kingdom[102]
  101.  United States[103]
  102.  Uruguay[104]
  103.  Uzbekistan[105]
  104.  Venezuela[106]
  105.  Vietnam[107]
  106.  Yemen[108]
  107.  Zimbabwe[109]

Missions to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

[edit]

Other missions/delegations

[edit]
  1.  European Union (Delegation)[125]
  2.  Hong Kong (Economic & Trade Office)[126][127]
  3.  Republic of China (Taiwan) (Economic & Trade Office)

Consular missions

[edit]
Country Mission
 Timor-Leste Consulate[128]
Country Mission
 Singapore Consulate-General
Country Mission
 Australia Consulate-General
 China Consulate-General[129]
 India Consulate-General
 Japan Consulate-General[130]
 South Korea Consulate[131]
 Timor-Leste Consulate-General
 United States Consular Agency[132]
Country Mission
 Papua New Guinea Consulate-General
Country Mission
 Timor-Leste Consulate
Country Mission
 Australia Consulate-General
 Japan Consular Office[133]
Country Mission
 Philippines Consulate-General[134]
Country Mission
 China Consulate-General[135]
 India Consulate-General[136]
 Japan Consulate-General[137]
 Malaysia Consulate-General[138]
 Singapore Consulate-General[139]
 United States Consulate[140]
Country Mission
 Malaysia Consulate
Country Mission
 Malaysia Consulate
Country Mission
 Australia Consulate-General[141]
 China Consulate-General[142][143]
 Japan Consulate-General[144][145]
 Republic of China (Taiwan) Economic & Trade Office[146]
 United States Consulate-General[147][143]

Non-resident embassies accredited to Indonesia

[edit]

Resident in Bangkok, Thailand

[edit]
Country
 Luxembourg
 Mongolia

Resident in Beijing, China

[edit]
Country
 Albania
 Bahamas
 Bolivia
 Burundi
 Barbados
 Cameroon
 Cape Verde
 Central African Republic
 Chad
 Comoros
 Equatorial Guinea
 Liberia
 Malawi
 Montenegro
 Niger
 São Tomé and Príncipe
 Togo

Resident in Canberra, Australia

[edit]
Country
 Botswana
 El Salvador
 North Macedonia[148]
 Slovenia[149]
 Samoa
 Tonga
 Vanuatu

Resident in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

[edit]
Country
 Eswatini
 Ghana
 Guinea
 Gambia
 Kyrgyzstan
 Lesotho
 Maldives
 Mauritius
 Namibia
 Nepal
 Senegal
 Tajikistan
 Turkmenistan
 Uganda
 Zambia

Resident in New Delhi, India

[edit]
Country
 Bhutan
 Burkina Faso
 Congo-Brazzaville
 Congo-Kinshasa
 Eritrea
 Guyana
 Latvia
 Mali
 Seychelles
 South Sudan
 Trinidad and Tobago

Resident in Singapore

[edit]
Country
 Estonia
 Lithuania[150]

Resident in Seoul, South Korea

[edit]
Country
 Ivory Coast[151]
 Sierra Leone[152]

Resident in Tokyo, Japan

[edit]
Country
 Benin
 Djibouti
 Dominican Republic
 Federated States of Micronesia
 Gabon
 Honduras
 Iceland
 Jamaica
 Madagascar
 Marshall Islands
 Nicaragua
 Paraguay[153]
Country
 Antigua and Barbuda
 Belize
 Grenada
 Saint Lucia
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Country
 Andorra
 Dominica
 Kiribati

Other Resident Locations

[edit]
Country Host city
 Haiti Hanoi
 Malta Valetta
 Palau Manila

Closed missions

[edit]
Host city Sending country Mission Year closed Notes Ref.
Jakarta  Guinea-Bissau Embassy Unknown [154]
 Mongolia Embassy 2018 To be reopened [155]
 Paraguay Embassy 2014 [153]
Kupang  Australia Consulate 1999 [156]
Pekanbaru  Singapore Consulate 2012 [157]

Mission to open

[edit]
Host city Sending country Mission Ref.
Jakarta  Ghana Embassy [158]
 Senegal Embassy [158]
 Vanuatu Embassy [159]
Manado  China Consulate-General [160][161]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ As of 2024, Indonesia recognized Islamic Republic of Afghanistan as de jure legitimate government of Afghanistan.
  2. ^ Accredited missions are the sending countries's permanent missions to the United Nations
  1. ^ "Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan – Jakarta".
  2. ^ "Embassy of Algeria Jakarta Indonesia".
  3. ^ "MKRI Signs MoU with Constitutional Courts of Mongolia and Angola". The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  4. ^ "Presidente da República nomeia embaixadores para Austrália, Indonésia e Timor-Leste" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2023-12-08.
  5. ^ "Embassy in Indonesia".
  6. ^ Embassy of the Republic of Armenia to the Republic of Indonesia
  7. ^ "Australian Embassy, Indonesia". Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Retrieved 8 February 2022.
  8. ^ "Austrian Embassy Jakarta". Federal Ministry for European and International Affairs of Austria. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
  9. ^ Embassy of the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Republic of Indonesia
  10. ^ "Embassy of the Kingdom of Bahrain Jakarta, Indonesia".
  11. ^ "Embassy of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, Jakarta".
  12. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of Belarus in the Republic of Indonesia".
  13. ^ "Embassy of Belgium in Indonesia".
  14. ^ "Embassy of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Jakarta, Indonesia".
  15. ^ "Embassy of the Federative Republic of Brazil in Jakarta".
  16. ^ "Embassy of Brunei Darussalam in Jakarta, Indonesia".
  17. ^ "Indonesia, Jakarta, Embassy of the Republic of Bulgaria". Republic of Bulgaria Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 11 August 2024.
  18. ^ "Cambodia Mission Abroad". Ministry of Foreign Affairs & International Cooperation of Cambodia. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
  19. ^ "Embassy of Canada to Indonesia, in Jakarta". Global Affairs Canada. 20 May 2021. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  20. ^ "Embajada de Chile en Indonesia".
  21. ^ Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the Republic of Indonesia
  22. ^ "Embajada de Colombia en Indonesia".
  23. ^ "Embassy of Costa Rica in Jakarta, Indonesia".
  24. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of Croatia in the Republic of Indonesia".
  25. ^ "Embajada de Cuba en Indonesia". 23 March 2016.
  26. ^ "Embassies and Consulates by Country". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Cyprus. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  27. ^ "Embassy of the Czech Republic in Jakarta".
  28. ^ "Denmark in Indonesia".
  29. ^ "Embajada del Ecuador en Indonesia".
  30. ^ "Embassy of Egypt in Jakarta, Indonesia".
  31. ^ "Ethiopian Embassy Jakarta". Facebook.
  32. ^ "FIJI EMBASSY - Jakarta". fijiembajak.com. Retrieved 31 December 2023.
  33. ^ "Embassy of Finland, Jakarta".
  34. ^ "Ambassade de France en Indonésie, au Timor oriental et auprès de l'ASEAN".
  35. ^ "Embassy of Georgia to the Republic of Indonesia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
  36. ^ "German Embassy Jakarta".
  37. ^ "Embassy of Greece in Jakarta".
  38. ^ "Embajada de Guatemala en Indonesia". Facebook.
  39. ^ "Apostolic Nunciature Jakarta".
  40. ^ "Embassy of Hungary Jakarta".
  41. ^ "Embassy of India, Jakarta".
  42. ^ "Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Iran - Jakarta".
  43. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of Iraq in Jakarta".
  44. ^ "About the Embassy". Embassy of Ireland, Indonesia. Retrieved 31 December 2023.
  45. ^ "Ambasciata d'Italia Jakarta".
  46. ^ Kedutaan Besar Jepang di Indonesia (Indonesian)
  47. ^ "Embassy of Jordan in Jakarta". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates of Jordan. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
  48. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the Republic of Indonesia". Government of Kazakhstan. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
  49. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of Kenya - Indonesia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kenya. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  50. ^ "Embassy of Kuwait in Jakarta".
  51. ^ "Lao Missions in Abroad". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Laos). Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  52. ^ Embassy of Lebanon in Republic of Indonesia - Jakarta
  53. ^ "Embassy of Libya in Jakarta, Indonesia".
  54. ^ "Embassy of Malaysia, Jakarta".
  55. ^ "Mauritanian Embassy in Jakarta". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Mauritania). Retrieved 14 July 2023.
  56. ^ Embassy of Mexico in Jakarta
  57. ^ "Embassy of Morocco in Indonesia".
  58. ^ "Official website of the Embassy of the Republic of Mozambique in Jakarta, Indonesia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of Mozambique. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
  59. ^ "Embassy of Myanmar in Jakarta, Indonesia".
  60. ^ "Netherlands embassy in Jakarta, Indonesia".
  61. ^ "New Zealand Embassy and New Zealand Mission to ASEAN". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  62. ^ "Embassy of Nigeria, Jakarta, Indonesia".
  63. ^ "Embassy of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in Jakarta, Indonesia".
  64. ^ "Norway in Indonesia".
  65. ^ "Embassy of the Sultanate of Oman, Jakarta, Indonesia".
  66. ^ "Embassy of Pakistan Jakarta, Indonesia".
  67. ^ "Palestine Embassy Jakarta". Facebook.
  68. ^ "Embajada Panamá en Indonesia". Instagram.
  69. ^ "Overseas Mission and Posts". ICSA Papua New Guinea. Retrieved 21 August 2024.
  70. ^ "Embajada del Perú en Indonesia".
  71. ^ "Embassy of the Philippines Jakarta, Indonesia".
  72. ^ "Poland in Indonesia".
  73. ^ "Embassy of Portugal in Indonesia".
  74. ^ "Qatar Embassy in Jakarta - Republic of Indonesia".
  75. ^ "Embassy of Romania in the Republic of Indonesia".
  76. ^ "Embassy of the Russian Federation in the Republic of Indonesia".
  77. ^ "Directorate General of Asia & the Pacific". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Rwanda. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  78. ^ "Rwanda opens embassy in Indonesia, bilateral cooperation established". TheJakartaPost. 7 June 2024. Retrieved 6 July 2024.
  79. ^ "Rete Diplomatica e Consolare di San Marino" [Diplomatic and Consular Network of San Marino]. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of San Marino (in Italian). Retrieved 11 June 2024.
  80. ^ "Embassy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in Republic of Indonesia".
  81. ^ "Embassy of Republic of Serbia in Indonesia".
  82. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of Singapore in Jakarta".
  83. ^ "Embassy of the Slovak Republic in Jakarta".
  84. ^ "Solomon Islands Embassy in Indonesia".
  85. ^ "Somali Embassy in Jakarta - Indonesia". Facebook.
  86. ^ "Indonesia [ Republic of ] South African Embassy". South African Government. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  87. ^ "Korea Selatan - Korean Embassy - 외교부". Korean Embassy. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  88. ^ "Embassy of Spain in Indonesia".
  89. ^ "Sri Lanka Embassy Jakarta".
  90. ^ "Embassy of Sudan in Jakarta, Indonesia".
  91. ^ "Embassy of Suriname in Jakarta, Indonesia".
  92. ^ "Indonesia, Jakarta - Sweden Abroad".
  93. ^ "Embassy of Switzerland in Indonesia".
  94. ^ "Embassy of Syria - Jakarta". Facebook.
  95. ^ "Embassy of Tanzania in Jakarta, Indonesia". tzembassy.go.tz. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  96. ^ "Royal Thai Embassy, Jakarta".
  97. ^ "Timor-Leste Embassies: Jakarta".
  98. ^ "Embassy of Tunisia in Jakarta". Facebook.
  99. ^ "Turkish Embassy in Jakarta, Indonesia".
  100. ^ "Embassy of Ukraine in the Republic of Indonesia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  101. ^ "UAE Embassy in Jakarta". www.mofa.gov.ae. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  102. ^ "British Embassy Jakarta". GOV.UK. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  103. ^ "Embassy & Consulates". U.S. Embassy & Consulates in Indonesia. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  104. ^ "Búsqueda de Embajadas: Indonesia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Uruguay. Retrieved 21 August 2024.
  105. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the Republic of Indonesia".
  106. ^ "Kedutaan Besar Venezuela di Indonesia". Facebook.
  107. ^ "Embassy of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in Indonesia".
  108. ^ "Embassy of Yemen in Jakarta, Indonesia".
  109. ^ "Zimbabwe Embassies". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade of Zimbabwe. Retrieved 23 July 2024.
  110. ^ "Australian Mission to ASEAN". asean.mission.gov.au.
  111. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "LIST OF AMBASSADORS TO ASEAN FROM NON-ASEAN MEMBER STATES AND RELEVANT INTER-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS" (PDF). Association of Southeast Asian Nations. 3 May 2024. Retrieved 5 August 2024.
  112. ^ "Minister Mauro Vieira's official visit to Indonesia – October 9, 2023". 11 October 2023. Retrieved 2024-04-12.
  113. ^ "The first Dedicated Ambassador of Brazil to ASEAN Presents Letter of Credence to the Secretary-General of ASEAN". 21 March 2024. Retrieved 2024-04-12.
  114. ^ "Canada and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)". 28 July 2022. Retrieved 2022-09-15.
  115. ^ "Mission of the People's Republic of China to ASEAN". asean.chinamission.org.cn.
  116. ^ "Delegation of the European Union to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)".
  117. ^ "Indian Mission to ASEAN, Jakarta | Government of India". www.indmissionasean.gov.in.
  118. ^ "Mission of Japan to ASEAN". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan.
  119. ^ "New Zealand Mission to ASEAN". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of New Zealand.
  120. ^ "Mission of the Russian Federation to ASEAN". asean.mid.ru/home.
  121. ^ "Mission of the Republic of Korea to ASEAN". overseas.mofa.go.kr.
  122. ^ "Ambassador of Timor-Leste to ASEAN presents credentials to Secretary-General of ASEAN". Association of Southeast Asian Nations.
  123. ^ "UK Mission to ASEAN - UK and the world - GOV.UK". www.gov.uk. 4 August 2022.
  124. ^ "Homepage". U.S. Mission to ASEAN.
  125. ^ "Delegation of the European Union to Indonesia and Brunei Darussalam". Retrieved 2022-10-08.
  126. ^ "Hong Kong Economic & Trade Office, Jakarta". Retrieved 2022-10-08.
  127. ^ "HKETO - Jakarta". Retrieved 2023-01-24.
  128. ^ "Mobil yang Ditumpangi Mantan Presiden Timor Leste Ditabrak Truk TNI di Belu NTT". Kompas (in Indonesian).
  129. ^ Chinese Consulate-General in Denpasar (Indonesia)
  130. ^ Konsulat Jenderal Jepang di Denpasar (Indonesian)
  131. ^ "Konsulat Republik Korea di Bali". overseas.mofa.go.kr.
  132. ^ "Consular Agency Bali". U.S. Embassy & Consulates in Indonesia.
  133. ^ "Kantor Konsuler Jepang di Makassar". Retrieved 29 January 2023.
  134. ^ "The Official Website of the Philippine Consulate General Manado, Indonesia". Retrieved 12 June 2024.
  135. ^ Konsulat Jenderal Republik Rakyat Tiongkok di Medan (Indonesian)
  136. ^ "Consulate General of India - Medan, Indonesia". Ministry of External Affairs of India. Retrieved 14 December 2022.
  137. ^ Konsulat Jenderal Jepang di Medan (Indonesian)
  138. ^ "Consulate General of Malaysia, Medan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Malaysia. Retrieved 8 January 2022.
  139. ^ "Consulate-General of the Republic of Singapore in Medan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Singapore). Retrieved 14 December 2022.
  140. ^ "U.S. Consulate Medan". U.S. Embassy & Consulates in Indonesia. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  141. ^ Australia, Department of Foreign Affairs (2019-02-23). "Australian Consulate-General in Surabaya". surabaya.consulate.gov.au-AU. Retrieved 2019-02-23.
  142. ^ "Consulate-General of the People's Republic of China in Surabaya". surabaya.china-consulate.org. Retrieved 2019-02-23.
  143. ^ a b "Daftar Perwakilan Negara Asing". surabaya.go.id (in Indonesian). Pemerintah Kota Surabaya. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
  144. ^ "Mengenai kami : Konsulat Jenderal Jepang di Surabaya". www.surabaya.id.emb-japan.go.jp (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2019-02-23.
  145. ^ "総領事館について : 在スラバヤ日本国総領事館". www.surabaya.id.emb-japan.go.jp (in Japanese). Retrieved 2019-02-23.
  146. ^ "Taipei Economic and Trade Office in Surabaya". www.roc-taiwan.org.
  147. ^ "U.S. Consulate General Surabaya". U.S. Embassy & Consulates in Indonesia. Retrieved 2019-02-23.
  148. ^ "Presiden Jokowi Terima Surat Kepercayaan 10 Duta Besar Negara Sahabat: Brunei, AS, hingga Rusia". Sekretariat Presiden Republik Indonesia. 8 August 2024.
  149. ^ "EMBASSY OF THE RS CANBERRA". EMBASSY OF THE REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA IN CANBERRA. 21 November 2020.
  150. ^ "Indonesia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
  151. ^ "Cote d'Ivoire". Indonesian embassy Dakar. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
  152. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of Sierra Leone in the Republic of Korea". Ministry of Foreign Affairs & International Relations of Sierra Leone. Retrieved 23 June 2023.
  153. ^ a b "Paraguay" (in Indonesian). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2023-05-19.
  154. ^ "Promoting Indonesian Defense Industry Products, Indonesian Ambassador in Dakar Presented Letter of Credentials to the President of Guinea-Bissau". Retrieved 27 May 2023.
  155. ^ "Mongolia Berencana Membuka Kembali Kedutaan Besar di Indonesia". Radio Republik Indonesia (in Indonesian). Retrieved 15 August 2024.
  156. ^ "Australia Shuts Its Consulate In West Timor". The New York Times. 18 September 1999. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
  157. ^ "我驻印尼北干峇鲁领事馆关闭". Lianhe Zaobao (in Chinese (Singapore)). Singapore: SPH Media. 31 October 2012. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  158. ^ a b "4 Negara Afrika Siap Buka Kedutaan di Jakarta". Liputan 6 (in Indonesian). 25 January 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  159. ^ "Menlu Retno sambut rencana pembukaan Kedubes Vanuatu di Indonesia". Antara (in Indonesian). 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  160. ^ "Sulawesi Utara Ditawarkan Bangun Konjen China". newposkomanado.id (in Indonesian). 1 May 2023. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
  161. ^ "Konjen Cina Bakal Hadir di Manado Sulawesi Utara, Ini Keuntungannya Menurut Pengamat Ekonomi". manado.tribunnews.com (in Indonesian). 2 May 2023. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
[edit]