List of members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands, 2017–2021
![A graphical break-down of the seats in the House of Representatives by party](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Dutch_House_of_Representatives%2C_2017.svg/220px-Dutch_House_of_Representatives%2C_2017.svg.png)
Between 23 March 2017 and 30 March 2021, 194 individuals served as representatives in the House of Representatives, the 150-seat lower house of the States-General of the Netherlands. 150 representatives were elected in the 15 March 2017 general election and installed at the start of the term; 44 representatives were appointed as replacements when elected representatives resigned or went on leave. Khadija Arib, who had been elected President of the House in 2016, continued serving in that capacity for the duration of this period.[1]
After the election, the third Rutte cabinet was formed from a coalition of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD, 33 seats), Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA, 19 seats), Democrats 66 (D66, 19 seats) and Christian Union (CU, 5 seats). The opposition consisted of the Party for Freedom (PVV, 20 seats), GroenLinks (GL, 14 seats), Socialist Party (SP, 14 seats), Labour Party (PvdA, 9 seats), Party for the Animals (PvdD, 5 seats), 50PLUS (50+, 4 seats), Reformed Political Party (SGP, 3 seats), DENK (3 seats) and Forum for Democracy (FvD, 2 seats).
During the term, three members switched their parliamentary group affiliation, changing the party composition of the House of Representatives (resignations generally do not affect the balance of power, as replacements are appointed from the party list[2]). Wybren van Haga was removed from the VVD on 24 September 2019;[3] he continued as an independent member and later joined FvD on 30 November 2020.[4] Femke Merel van Kooten-Arissen left the PvdD on 16 July 2019 and continued as an independent.[5] When Henk Krol left 50+ on 6 May 2020, he and Van Kooten-Arissen briefly formed a parliamentary group, but split on 8 August 2020.[6]
Members
[edit]All members are sworn in at the start of the term,[7] even if they are not new. Assumed office in this list therefore refers to the swearing in during this term (or return date of members who went on parental or sick leave), while all members are automatically considered to have left office at the end of the term.
Name | Parliamentary group | Assumed office | Left office | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Roy van Aalst | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [8] | |
Thierry Aartsen | VVD | 13 September 2018 | 30 March 2021 | [9] | |
Fleur Agema | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [10] | |
Eva Akerboom | PvdD | 16 October 2018 | 2 February 2019[a] | [11] | |
Mahir Alkaya | SP | 18 January 2018 | 30 March 2021 | [12] | |
Mustafa Amhaouch | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [13] | |
Gerard van den Anker | CDA | 12 January 2021 | 30 March 2021 | [14] | |
Khadija Arib | PvdA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [15] | |
Tamara van Ark | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 25 October 2017[b] | [16] | |
Lodewijk Asscher | PvdA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [17] | |
Farid Azarkan | DENK | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [18] | |
Malik Azmani | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 9 June 2019[c] | [19] | |
Thierry Baudet | FvD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [20] | |
Bente Becker | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 22 June 2019[d] | [21] | |
13 October 2019 | 30 March 2021 | ||||
Sandra Beckerman | SP | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [22] | |
Harm Beertema | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [23] | |
Salima Belhaj | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [24] | |
Joba van den Berg-Jansen | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [25] | |
Niels van den Berge | GL | 5 June 2019 | 30 March 2021 | [26] | |
Vera Bergkamp | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [27] | |
Marijke van Beukering-Huijbregts | D66 | 22 January 2020 | 12 May 2020[e] | [28] | |
20 May 2020 | 30 March 2021 | ||||
Roelof Bisschop | SGP | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [29] | |
Monica den Boer | D66 | 31 October 2017 | 18 May 2020[f] | [30] | |
Martijn Bolkestein | VVD | 2 July 2020 | 30 March 2021 | [31] | |
Albert van den Bosch | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [32] | |
Martin Bosma | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [33] | |
André Bosman | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [34] | |
Achraf Bouali | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [35] | |
Corrie van Brenk | 50+ | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [36] | |
Han ten Broeke | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 4 September 2018[g] | [37] | |
Laura Bromet | GL | 7 June 2018 | 30 March 2021 | [38] | |
Hanke Bruins Slot | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 3 June 2019[h] | [39] | |
Eppo Bruins | CU | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [40] | |
Kathalijne Buitenweg | GL | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [41] | |
Chris van Dam | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [42] | |
Sander Dekker | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 25 October 2017[b] | [43] | |
Antje Diertens | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [44] | |
Teun van Dijck | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [45] | |
Emiel van Dijk | PVV | 3 April 2018 | 19 July 2018[i] | [46] | |
12 December 2018 | 30 March 2021 | ||||
Gijs van Dijk | PvdA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [47] | |
Jasper van Dijk | SP | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [48] | |
Elbert Dijkgraaf | SGP | 23 March 2017 | 10 April 2018[j] | [49] | |
Klaas Dijkhoff | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [50] | |
Sharon Dijksma | PvdA | 23 March 2017 | 31 May 2018[k] | [51] | |
Pia Dijkstra | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [52] | |
Remco Dijkstra | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [53] | |
Jeroen Dijsselbloem | PvdA | 23 March 2017 | 23 October 2017[l] | [54] | |
Carla Dik-Faber | CU | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [55] | |
Isabelle Diks | GL | 23 March 2017 | 29 April 2020[m] | [56] | |
Nico Drost | CU | 26 March 2019 | 14 July 2019[n] | [57] | |
Pieter Duisenberg | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 6 September 2017[o] | [58] | |
Jessica van Eijs | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [59] | |
Zohair El Yassini | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [60] | |
Corinne Ellemeet | GL | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [61] | |
Ingrid van Engelshoven | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 25 October 2017[b] | [62] | |
Eva van Esch | PvdD | 9 October 2019 | 30 March 2021 | [63] | |
Sietse Fritsma | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 October 2019[p] | [64] | |
1 September 2020 | 30 March 2021 | ||||
Frank Futselaar | SP | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [65] | |
Simon Geleijnse | 50+ | 7 November 2018 | 25 February 2019[q] | [66] | |
12 March 2019 | 25 June 2019[q] | ||||
Lenny Geluk-Poortvliet | CDA | 31 October 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [67] | |
Tobias van Gent | VVD | 5 September 2018 | 30 March 2021 | [68] | |
Karen Gerbrands | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 10 December 2018[r] | [69] | |
Henk van Gerven | SP | 3 April 2018 | 30 March 2021 | [70] | |
Jaco Geurts | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [71] | |
Machiel de Graaf | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [72] | |
Stieneke van der Graaf | CU | 31 October 2017 | 25 March 2019[d] | [73] | |
15 July 2019 | 30 March 2021 | ||||
Rik Grashoff | GL | 23 March 2017 | 6 June 2018[s] | [74] | |
Dion Graus | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [75] | |
Tjeerd de Groot | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [76] | |
Maarten Groothuizen | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [77] | |
Sybrand van Haersma Buma | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 28 May 2019[t] | [78] | |
Wybren van Haga | VVD[u] | 5 September 2018 | 30 March 2021 | [79] | |
Lid Van Haga[v] | |||||
FvD[w] | |||||
Mark Harbers | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 25 October 2017[b] | [80] | |
11 June 2019 | 30 March 2021 | ||||
Rudmer Heerema | VVD | 31 October 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [81] | |
Pieter Heerma | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [82] | |
Lilian Helder | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [83] | |
Martijn van Helvert | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [84] | |
Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 12 September 2018[x] | [85] | |
Sophie Hermans | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [86] | |
Theo Hiddema | FvD | 23 March 2017 | 23 November 2020[y] | [87] | |
Maarten Hijink | SP | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [88] | |
Kirsten van den Hul | PvdA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [89] | |
Chris Jansen | PVV | 27 November 2019 | 30 March 2021 | [90] | |
Rob Jetten | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [91] | |
Léon de Jong | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [92] | |
Sadet Karabulut | SP | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [93] | |
Mona Keijzer | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 25 October 2017[b] | [94] | |
Bart van Kent | SP | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [95] | |
John Kerstens | PvdA | 5 June 2018 | 30 March 2021 | [96] | |
Jesse Klaver | GL | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [97] | |
Raymond Knops | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 25 October 2017[b] | [98] | |
Daniel Koerhuis | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [99] | |
Nine Kooiman | SP | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2018[z] | [100] | |
Wouter Koolmees | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 25 October 2017[b] | [101] | |
Sven Koopmans | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [102] | |
Femke Merel van Kooten-Arissen | PvdD[aa] | 23 March 2017 | 14 October 2018[d] | [103] | |
4 February 2019 | 30 March 2021 | ||||
Lid Van Kooten-Arissen[ab] | |||||
Groep-Krol/Van Kooten[ac] | |||||
Lid Van Kooten-Arissen[ad] | |||||
Alexander Kops | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [104] | |
Suzanne Kröger | GL | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [105] | |
Henk Krol | 50+[ae] | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [106] | |
Groep-Krol/Van Kooten[af] | |||||
Lid-Krol[ag] | |||||
Anne Kuik | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [107] | |
Attje Kuiken | PvdA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [108] | |
Tunahan Kuzu | DENK | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [109] | |
Peter Kwint | SP | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [110] | |
Antoinette Laan-Geselschap | VVD | 31 October 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [111] | |
Cem Laçin | SP | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [112] | |
Leendert de Lange | VVD | 31 October 2017 | 2 July 2019[ah] | [113] | |
Tom van der Lee | GL | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [114] | |
Renske Leijten | SP | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [115] | |
Roald van der Linde | VVD | 7 September 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [116] | |
Helma Lodders | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [117] | |
Barry Madlener | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [118] | |
Vicky Maeijer | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 7 December 2020[d] | [119] | |
30 March 2021 | 30 March 2021 | ||||
Lilian Marijnissen | SP | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [120] | |
Gidi Markuszower | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [121] | |
Maurits von Martels | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [122] | |
Paul van Meenen | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [123] | |
Jan Middendorp | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [124] | |
William Moorlag | PvdA | 25 October 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [125] | |
Agnes Mulder | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [126] | |
Anne Mulder | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 17 September 2020[ai] | [127] | |
Edgar Mulder | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [128] | |
Tom van den Nieuwenhuijzen | GL | 7 May 2020 | 30 March 2021 | [129] | |
Henk Nijboer | PvdA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [130] | |
Chantal Nijkerken-de Haan | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [131] | |
Michiel van Nispen | SP | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [132] | |
Bram van Ojik | GL | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [133] | |
Pieter Omtzigt | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [134] | |
Foort van Oosten | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 19 February 2019[aj] | [135] | |
Esther Ouwehand | PvdD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [136] | |
Gerrit-Jan van Otterloo | 50+ | 11 June 2019 | 30 March 2021 | [137] | |
Zihni Özdil | GL | 23 March 2017 | 3 June 2019[ak] | [138] | |
Selçuk Öztürk | DENK | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [139] | |
Nevin Özütok | GL | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [140] | |
Hilde Palland | CDA | 29 May 2019 | 30 March 2021 | [141] | |
Jan Paternotte | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [142] | |
Alexander Pechtold | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 9 October 2018 | [143] | |
René Peters | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [144] | |
Lilianne Ploumen | PvdA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [145] | |
Gabriëlle Popken | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2018[d] | [146] | |
21 July 2018 | 30 August 2020[al] | ||||
Wytske Postma | CDA | 5 June 2019 | 30 March 2021 | [147] | |
Ronald van Raak | SP | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [148] | |
Lammert van Raan | PvdD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [149] | |
Rens Raemakers | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 13 January 2020[am] | [150] | |
13 May 2020 | 30 March 2021 | ||||
Kelly Regterschot | VVD | 25 June 2019 | 30 March 2021 | [151] | |
Wim-Jan Renkema | GL | 13 June 2018 | 30 March 2021 | [152] | |
Emile Roemer | SP | 23 March 2017 | 17 January 2018 | [153] | |
Michel Rog | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 10 January 2021 | [154] | |
Erik Ronnes | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 18 May 2020[s] | [155] | |
Martin van Rooijen | 50+ | 23 March 2017 | 9 June 2019[an] | [156] | |
Raymond de Roon | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [157] | |
Arno Rutte | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 12 October 2019[z] | [158] | |
Mark Rutte | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 25 October 2017[b] | [159] | |
Léonie Sazias | 50+ | 23 March 2017 | 5 November 2018[am] | [160] | |
27 February 2019 | 5 March 2019[am] | ||||
27 June 2019 | 30 March 2021 | ||||
Rutger Schonis | D66 | 10 October 2018 | 30 March 2021 | [161] | |
Carola Schouten | CU | 23 March 2017 | 25 October 2017[b] | [162] | |
Gert-Jan Segers | CU | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [163] | |
Matthijs Sienot | D66 | 31 October 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [164] | |
Sjoerd Sjoerdsma | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [165] | |
Evert-Jan Slootweg | CDA | 31 October 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [166] | |
Bart Smals | VVD | 3 July 2019 | 12 October 2019[ao] | [167] | |
15 October 2019 | 30 March 2021 | ||||
Paul Smeulders | GL | 7 June 2018 | 30 March 2021 | [168] | |
Joost Sneller | D66 | 31 October 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [169] | |
Bart Snels | GL | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [170] | |
Mark Snoeren | VVD | 22 September 2020 | 30 March 2021 | [171] | |
Kees van der Staaij | SGP | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [172] | |
Chris Stoffer | SGP | 11 April 2018 | 30 March 2021 | [173] | |
Ockje Tellegen | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [174] | |
Julius Terpstra | CDA | 20 May 2020 | 30 March 2021 | [175] | |
Christine Teunissen | PvdD | 11 October 2018 | 29 January 2019[ap] | [176] | |
Marianne Thieme | PvdD | 23 March 2017 | 10 October 2018[am] | [177] | |
30 January 2019 | 8 October 2019 | ||||
Judith Tielen | VVD | 31 October 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [178] | |
Liesbeth van Tongeren | GL | 23 March 2017 | 12 June 2018[b] | [179] | |
Madeleine van Toorenburg | CDA | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [180] | |
Stientje van Veldhoven | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 25 October 2017[b] | [181] | |
Hayke Veldman | VVD | 31 October 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [182] | |
Kees Verhoeven | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [183] | |
Barbara Visser | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 25 October 2017[b] | [184] | |
Joël Voordewind | CU | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [185] | |
Linda Voortman | GL | 23 March 2017 | 5 June 2018[aq] | [186] | |
Henk de Vree | PVV | 8 December 2020 | 29 March 2021 | [187] | |
Aukje de Vries | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [188] | |
Frank Wassenberg | PvdD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [189] | |
Danai van Weerdenburg | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [190] | |
Lisa Westerveld | GL | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [191] | |
Arne Weverling | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [192] | |
Steven van Weyenberg | D66 | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [193] | |
Dennis Wiersma | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [194] | |
Jeroen van Wijngaarden | VVD | 20 February 2019 | 30 March 2021 | [195] | |
Geert Wilders | PVV | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [196] | |
Martin Wörsdörfer | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [197] | |
Bas van 't Wout | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 8 July 2020[b] | [198] | |
Dilan Yesilgöz-Zegerius | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [199] | |
Erik Ziengs | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 30 March 2021 | [200] | |
Halbe Zijlstra | VVD | 23 March 2017 | 25 October 2017[b] | [201] |
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Temporarily replaced Femke Merel van Kooten-Arissen
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Left to join the cabinet
- ^ Elected to the European Parliament
- ^ a b c d e Went on parental leave
- ^ Temporarily replaced Rens Raemakers
- ^ Left to become professor
- ^ Left after allegations of sexual harassment
- ^ Left to become member of the provincial executive of Utrecht
- ^ Temporarily replaced Gabriëlle Popken
- ^ Left for personal reasons
- ^ Left to become alderman of Amsterdam
- ^ Left because he did not have enough energy
- ^ Left to become alderman of Groningen
- ^ Temporarily replaced Stieneke van der Graaf
- ^ Left to become chair of Vereniging van Universiteiten
- ^ Left to start his own business
- ^ a b Temporarily replaced Léonie Sazias
- ^ Left after she felt she did not get enough support from colleagues after the suicide of Willie Dille
- ^ a b Left to become member of the provincial executive of North-Brabant
- ^ Left to become mayor of Leeuwarden
- ^ Until 24 September 2019
- ^ Between 24 September 2019 and 30 November 2020
- ^ From 30 November 2020
- ^ Left to become Special Representative for Iraq and Head of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq
- ^ Left during controversies within the party
- ^ a b Left to improve work-life balance
- ^ Between 23 March 2017 and 14 October 2018, and between 4 February 2019 and 16 July 2019
- ^ Between 16 July 2019 and 6 May 2020
- ^ Between 6 May 2020 and 8 August 2020
- ^ Since 8 August 2020
- ^ Until 3 May 2020
- ^ Between 6 May 2020 and 8 August 2020
- ^ Since 8 August 2020
- ^ Left to become mayor of Wassenaar
- ^ Left to become alderman in The Hague
- ^ Left to become mayor of Nissewaard
- ^ Left after breach of trust in the faction
- ^ Left for personal reasons
- ^ a b c d Went on sick leave
- ^ Elected to the Senate
- ^ Temporarily replaced Bente Becker
- ^ Temporarily replaced Marianne Thieme
- ^ Left to become alderman of Utrecht
References
[edit]- ^ "Khadija Arib (PvdA) kan door als Kamervoorzitter" [Khadija Arib (PvdA) can continue as President of the House]. NRC Handelsblad (in Dutch). 28 March 2017. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ^ "Tussentijds vertrek uit de Tweede Kamer" [Premature departure from the House of Representatives]. parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ^ van Ast, Maarten (24 September 2019). "Omstreden Kamerlid Wybren van Haga uit VVD-fractie gezet" [Controversial Member of Parliament Wybren van Haga expelled from VVD group] (in Dutch). Algemeen Dagblad. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ^ "Tweede Kamerlid Van Haga sluit zich toch aan bij fractie FVD" [Member of Parliament Van Haga nevertheless joins the FVD party]. de Telegraaf (in Dutch). 30 November 2020.
- ^ van Ast, Maarten. "Kamerlid Femke Merel van Kooten verlaat Partij voor de Dieren" [Member of Parliament Femke Merel van Kooten leaves Party for the Animals] (in Dutch). Algemeen Dagblad. Retrieved 13 July 2023.
- ^ Verlaan, Jos (6 August 2020). "Femke Merel van Kooten wisselt voor vierde keer in een jaar van partij" [Femke Merel van Kooten changes party for the fourth time in a year]. NRC Handelsblad (in Dutch). Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ^ "Nieuwe Tweede Kamer beëdigd" [New House of Representatives sworn in]. tweedekamer.nl (in Dutch). 23 March 2017. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ^ "R.R. (Roy) van Aalst". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "A.A. (Thierry) Aartsen". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "M. (Fleur) Agema". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "E.S. (Eva) Akerboom M.Sc". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Ir. M.Ö. (Mahir) Alkaya". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Ing. M. (Mustafa) Amhaouch". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "G.P. (Gerard) van den Anker". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Dr. K. (Khadija) Arib". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. T. (Tamara) van Ark". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Dr. L.F. (Lodewijk) Asscher". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. F. (Farid) Azarkan MSc". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr. M. (Malik) Azmani". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Dr. Th.H.Ph. (Thierry) Baudet". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "B. (Bente) Becker MA". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Dr. S.M. (Sandra) Beckerman". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "H.J. (Harm) Beertema". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "S. (Salima) Belhaj MA". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. J.A.M.J. (Joba) van den Berg". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "C.N. (Niels) van den Berge". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. V.A. (Vera) Bergkamp". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "M.J.Th.G. (Marijke) van Beukering-Huijbregts". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Dr. R. (Roelof) Bisschop". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Dr. M.G.W. (Monica) den Boer". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. M.N. (Martijn) Bolkestein". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "A. (Albert) van den Bosch". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. M. (Martin) Bosma". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "A. (André) Bosman". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "A. (Achraf) Bouali". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "C.M. (Corrie) van Brenk MSc". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. J.H. (Han) ten Broeke". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. L. (Laura) Bromet". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr.Drs. H.G.J. (Hanke) Bruins Slot". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Dr. E.E.W. (Eppo) Bruins". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Dr. K.M. (Kathalijne) Buitenweg". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr. C.J.L. (Chris) van Dam". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. S. (Sander) Dekker". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "A.E. (Antje) Diertens". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Ir. A.P.C. (Tony) van Dijck". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "E. (Emiel) van Dijk". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "G.J. (Gijs) van Dijk". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. J.J. (Jasper) van Dijk". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Prof.Dr. E. (Elbert) Dijkgraaf". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Dr. K.H.D.M. (Klaas) Dijkhoff". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "S.A.M. (Sharon) Dijksma". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "P.A. (Pia) Dijkstra". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "R.J. (Remco) Dijkstra". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Ir. J.R.V.A. (Jeroen) Dijsselbloem". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. R.K. (Carla) Dik-Faber". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "L.I. (Isabelle) Diks". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "N. (Nico) Drost". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. P.J. (Pieter) Duisenberg". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Ir. J.M.C. (Jessica) van Eijs". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Z. (Zohair) El Yassini". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. C.E. (Corinne) Ellemeet". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr.Drs. I.K. (Ingrid) van Engelshoven". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "E.M. (Eva) van Esch". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. S.R. (Sietse) Fritsma". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. F.W. (Frank) Futselaar". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "S. (Simon) Geleijnse". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "L.W.D. (Lenny) Geluk-Poortvliet". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Dr. T. (Tobias) van Gent". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "K. (Karen) Gerbrands". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. H.P.J. (Henk) van Gerven". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "J.L. (Jaco) Geurts". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "M. (Machiel) de Graaf". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "S.J.F. (Stieneke) van der Graaf LL.M". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Ir. H.J. (Rik) Grashoff". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "D.J.G. (Dion) Graus". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Dr. T.C. (Tjeerd) de Groot". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr.Drs. M. (Maarten) Groothuizen". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr. S. (Sybrand) van Haersma Buma". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Ir. W.R. (Wybren) van Haga". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "M.G.J. (Mark) Harbers". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "R.J. (Rudmer) Heerema". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. P.E. (Pieter) Heerma". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr. L.M.J.S. (Lilian) Helder". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. M.J.F. (Martijn) van Helvert". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "J.A. (Jeanine) Hennis-Plasschaert". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. S.Th.M. (Sophie) Hermans". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Mr. Th.U. (Theo) Hiddema". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "H.P.M. (Maarten) Hijink M.Sc". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. K.A.E. (Kirsten) van den Hul". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Ch.A. (Chris) Jansen". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. R.A.A. (Rob) Jetten". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "L.W.E. (Léon) de Jong". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "S. (Sadet) Karabulut". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr.Drs. M.C.G. (Mona) Keijzer". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "B. (Bart) van Kent". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr. J.W.M. (John) Kerstens". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "J.F. (Jesse) Klaver". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. R.W. (Raymond) Knops". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. D.A.N. (Daniel) Koerhuis". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "C.J.E. (Nine) Kooiman". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. W. (Wouter) Koolmees". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Dr. S.M.G. (Sven) Koopmans". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "F.M. (Femke Merel) van Kooten-Arissen LLB" (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "A. (Alexander) Kops". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "S.C. (Suzanne) Kröger MA". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "H.C.M. (Henk) Krol". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr. A. (Anne) Kuik". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. A.H. (Attje) Kuiken". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. T. (Tunahan) Kuzu". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. J.P. (Peter) Kwint". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. A.J.M. (Antoinette) Laan-Geselschap". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "C. (Cem) Laçin". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. L.A. (Leendert) de Lange". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. T.M.T. (Tom) van der Lee". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "R.M. (Renske) Leijten BA". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr.Drs. R.E. (Roald) van der Linde". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "W.J.H. (Helma) Lodders". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "B. (Barry) Madlener". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "V. (Vicky) Maeijer MA". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "L.M.C. (Lilian) Marijnissen MA". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr. G. (Gidi) Markuszower". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Jhr. M.R.H.M. (Maurits) von Martels". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. P.H. (Paul) van Meenen". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "J. (Jan) Middendorp MSc MA". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "W.J. (William) Moorlag". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. A.H. (Agnes) Mulder". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "A. (Anne) Mulder". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "E. (Edgar) Mulder". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs.ing. T.J.H. (Tom) van den Nieuwenhuijzen". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. H. (Henk) Nijboer". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Ch.N.A. (Chantal) Nijkerken-de Haan". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Mr. M. (Michiel) van Nispen". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. A. (Bram) van Ojik". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Dr. P.H. (Pieter) Omtzigt". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr. F (Foort) van Oosten". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "E. (Esther) Ouwehand". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "G.J.P. (Gerrit Jan) van Otterloo". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Z. (Zihni) Özdil M.A". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "S. (Selçuk) Öztürk". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. N. (Nevin) Özütok". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr. H.M. (Hilde) Palland". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "J.M. (Jan) Paternotte". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. A. (Alexander) Pechtold". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. W.P.H.J. (René) Peters". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. E.M.J. (Lilianne) Ploumen". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "G.J.F. (Gabriëlle) Popken LL.M". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. W.L. (Wytske) Postma". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Prof.Dr. A.A.G.M. (Ronald) van Raak". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. L. (Lammert) van Raan". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr. R. (Rens) Raemakers". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. K. (Kelly) Regterschot". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. W.J.Th. (Wim-Jan) Renkema". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "E.G.M. (Emile) Roemer". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "M.R.J. (Michel) Rog". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "H.A.G. (Erik) Ronnes". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. M.J. (Martin) van Rooijen". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr. R. (Raymond) de Roon". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr. A.C.L. (Arno) Rutte". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. M. (Mark) Rutte". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "L. (Léonie) Sazias". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr. ing. R.A.J. (Rutger) Schonis". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. C.J. (Carola) Schouten". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. G.J.M. (Gert-Jan) Segers". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "M.F. (Matthijs) Sienot MA". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Sj.W. (Sjoerd) Sjoerdsma MSc". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. E.J. (Evert Jan) Slootweg". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. B.M.G. (Bart) Smals". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. P.H.M. (Paul) Smeulders". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "J.C. (Joost) Sneller MA". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Dr. B.A.W. (Bart) Snels". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "M.A.J. (Mark) Snoeren MA". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Mr. C.G. (Kees) van der Staaij". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Ir. Ch. (Chris) Stoffer". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. O.C. (Ockje) Tellegen". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "J.H. (Julius) Terpstra MA". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. Ch. (Christine) Teunissen". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr. M.L. (Marianne) Thieme". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. J.Z.C.M. (Judith) Tielen". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. L. (Liesbeth) van Tongeren". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Dr. M.M. (Madeleine) van Toorenburg". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. S. (Stientje) van Veldhoven-van der Meer". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. H.S. (Hayke) Veldman". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. K. (Kees) Verhoeven". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. B. (Barbara) Visser". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. J.S. (Joël) Voordewind". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. L.G.J. (Linda) Voortman". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "J.H. (Henk) de Vree". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "A. (Aukje) de Vries". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. F.P. (Frank) Wassenberg". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Mr. V.D.D. (Danai) van Weerdenburg". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. E.M. (Lisa) Westerveld". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "A. (Arne) Weverling". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. S.P.R.A. (Steven) van Weyenberg". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. A.D. (Dennis) Wiersma". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Mr. J. (Jeroen) van Wijngaarden". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "G. (Geert) Wilders". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "Drs. M. (Martin) Wörsdörfer". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "B. (Bas) van 't Wout". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "D. (Dilan) Yesilgöz-Zegerius". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "E. (Erik) Ziengs". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. H. (Halbe) Zijlstra". parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 15 July 2021.