List of musical instruments by Hornbostel–Sachs number: 311.221
This is a list of instruments by Hornbostel-Sachs number, covering those instruments that are classified under 311.221 under that system. It includes instruments that are true stick zithers with one resonator.
- 3: Instruments in which sound is produced by one or more vibrating strings (chordophones, string instruments).
- 31: Instruments which consist solely of a string bearer or a string bearer with a resonator that is not integral to the instrument
- 311: Instruments with a string bearer shaped like a bar, or consisting of a sideways board (bar zithers)
- 311.2: Instrument has a rigid and inflexible string carrier (stick zither)
- 311.22: Instrument has no curved or flexible end (true stick zither)
- 311.221: Instrument has one resonator gourd
These instruments may be classified with a suffix, based on how the strings are caused to vibrate.
- 4: Hammers or beaters
- 5: Bare hands and fingers
- 6: Plectrum
- 7: Bowing
- 71: Using a bow
- 72: Using a wheel
- 73: Using a ribbon
- 8: Keyboard
- 9: Using a mechanical drive
List
[edit]Instrument | Tradition | Hornbostel–Sachs classification | Description |
---|---|---|---|
veena[1] vina | India | 311.222 | Semitonically fretted lute with a long, cylindrical shape, resting on two gourds
|
References
[edit]- Alvad, Thomas (October 1954). "233. The Kafir Harp". Man. 54. Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland: 151–154. doi:10.2307/2795578.
- Knight, Roderick (Winter 1985). "The Harp in India Today". Ethnomusicology. 29 (1). Society for Ethnomusicology. University of Illinois Press: 9–28. doi:10.2307/852322. JSTOR 852322.
- von Hornbostel, Erich M.; Curt Sachs (March 1961). "Classification of Musical Instruments: Translated from the Original German by Anthony Baines and Klaus P. Wachsmann". The Galpin Society Journal. 14. The Galpin Society Journal, Vol. 14: 3–29. doi:10.2307/842168. JSTOR 842168.
Notes
[edit]- ^ Frishmuth, Sarah S. (July 1905). "Stringed Instruments". Bulletin of the Pennsylvania Museum. 3 (11). Bulletin of the Pennsylvania Museum, Vol. 3, No. 11: 45–48. doi:10.2307/3793687. JSTOR 3793687.
India has an infinite variety of lutes, the vina, her national instrument, having a...