List of nominees for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Lise_Meitner_%281878-1968%29%2C_lecturing_at_Catholic_University%2C_Washington%2C_D.C.%2C_1946.jpg/170px-Lise_Meitner_%281878-1968%29%2C_lecturing_at_Catholic_University%2C_Washington%2C_D.C.%2C_1946.jpg)
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Swedish: Nobelpriset i kemi) is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists who have made outstanding contributions in chemistry.[1] It is one of the five Nobel Prizes which were established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895.[2]
Every year, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences sends out forms, which amount to a personal and exclusive invitation, to about three thousand selected individuals to invite them to submit nominations. The names of the nominees are never publicly announced, and neither are they told that they have been considered for the Prize. Nomination records are strictly sealed for fifty years. Currently, the nominations for the years 1901 to 1970 are publicly available. Despite the annual sending of invitations, the prize was not awarded in eight years (1916, 1917, 1919, 1924, 1933, 1940–42) and have been delayed for a year nine times (1914, 1918, 1920, 1921, 1925, 1927, 1938, 1943, 1944).
From 1901 to 1970, there have been 641 scientists nominated for the prize, 79 of which were awarded either jointly or individually. 18 more scientists from these nominees were awarded after 1970 and Frederick Sanger was awarded second time on 1980. Of only 15 women nominees, three were awarded. The first woman to be nominated was Marie Skłodowska Curie. She was nominated on 1911 by Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius and French mathematician Gaston Darboux and eventually won the prize on the same year. She is the only woman to win twice the Nobel Prize: Physics (1903) and Chemistry (1911).[3] Besides 27 and 13 scientists from these nominees won the prizes in Physiology or Medicine and in Physics (including one woman more) correspondingly (including years after 1970). Only one company has been nominated, the Geigy SA for the year 1947.
Despite the long list of nominated noteworthy chemists, physicists and engineers, there have still been other scientists who were overlooked for the prize in chemistry such as Per Teodor Cleve, Jannik Petersen Bjerrum, Ellen Swallow Richards, Alice Ball, Vladimir Palladin, Sergey Reformatsky, Prafulla Chandra Ray, Alexey Favorsky, Rosalind Franklin and Joseph Edward Mayer.
In addition, nominations of 21 scientists and four corporations more were declared invalid by the Nobel Committee.
Nominees by their first nomination
[edit]1901–1909
[edit]Picture | Name | Born | Died | Years nominated | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1901 | |||||
![]() | Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff | August 30, 1852 Rotterdam, Netherlands | March 1, 1911 Berlin, Germany | 1901 | Won the 1901 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[a][4] |
![]() | Emil Fischer | October 9, 1852 Euskirchen, Germany | July 15, 1919 Berlin, Germany | 1901, 1902, 1903,[b] 1905,[b] 1916, 1919 | Won the 1902 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[c][5], later nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[d][6] |
![]() | Svante Arrhenius | February 19, 1859 Uppsala, Sweden | October 2, 1927 Stockholm, Sweden | 1901, 1902, 1903 | Won the 1903 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[e] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics and in Physiology or Medicine too[7] |
![]() | Henri Moissan | September 28, 1852 Paris, France | February 20, 1907 Paris, France | 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907[b] | Won the 1906 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[f][8] |
![]() | Zdenko Hans Skraup | March 3, 1850 Prague, Czech Republic | September 10, 1910 Vienna, Austria | 1901 | Nominated the only time by Eduard Lippmann (1838–1919) from Wien Technische Hochschule.[9] |
![]() | Marcellin Berthelot | October 25, 1827 Paris, France | March 18, 1907 Paris, France | 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1906, 1907 | [10] |
![]() | William Jackson Pope | March 31, 1870 London, England | October 17, 1939 Cambridge, England | 1901, 1907, 1915[b], 1916[b], 1927, 1932[b] | [11] |
1902 | |||||
![]() | William Ramsay | October 2, 1852 Glasgow, Scotland | July 23, 1916 High Wycombe, England | 1902, 1903, 1904 | Won the 1904 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[g] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too.[12] |
![]() | Adolf von Baeyer | October 31, 1835 Berlin, Germany | August 20, 1917 Starnberg, Germany | 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905 | Won the 1905 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[h][13] |
![]() | Theodore William Richards | January 31, 1868 Germantown, Philadelphia, United States | April 2, 1928 Cambridge,_Massachusetts, United States | 1902, 1905, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916[b] | Won the 1914 Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1915[i][14] |
![]() | Oliver Wolcott Gibbs | February 21, 1822 New York City, United States | December 9, 1908 Portsmouth, Rhode Island, United States | 1902 | Nominated the only time by Ch.Edw.Munroe.[15] |
![]() | Rudolf Knietsch | December 13, 1854 Opole, Poland | May 28, 1906 Ludwigshafen, Germany | 1902 | Nominated the only time by P.Klason.[16] |
![]() | Johannes Wislicenus | June 24, 1835 Querfurt, Germany | December 5, 1902 Leipzig, Germany | 1902 | Nominated the only time by Zd.H.Skraup.[17] Died before the only chance to be rewarded. |
![]() | Edward Williams Morley | January 29, 1838 Newark, New Jersey, United States | February 24, 1923 West Hartford, Connecticut, United States | 1902, 1908, 1909,[b] 1910 | [18] |
![]() | Armand Gautier | September 23, 1837 Narbonne, France | July 27, 1920 Cannes, France | 1902, 1914,[b] 1915,[b] 1916 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[j][19][20] |
1903 | |||||
![]() | Harmon Northrop Morse | October 15, 1848 Cambridge, Vermont, United States | September 8, 1920 Chebeague Island, Maine, United States | 1903, 1910 | Nominated by Harry Clary Jones (1865–1916) from Johns Hopkins University only.[21] |
1904 | |||||
![]() | Wilhelm Ostwald | September 2, 1853 Riga, Latvia | April 4, 1932 Grimma, Germany | 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910[b] | Won the 1909 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[k].[22] |
1905 | |||||
![]() | Eduard Buchner | May 20, 1860 Munich, Germany | August 13, 1917 Focșani, Romania | 1905, 1907 | Won the 1907 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[l] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[m][23] |
![]() | Dmitri Mendeleev | February 8, 1834 Tobolsk, Russia | February 2, 1907 Saint Petersburg, Russia | 1905, 1906, 1907 | [24] |
![]() | Giacomo Ciamician | August 27, 1857 Trieste, Italy | January 2, 1922 Bologna, Italy | 1905, 1907, 1908, 1911, 1912, 1914, 1916, 1919, 1921 | [25] |
![]() | Henry Louis Le Chatelier | October 8, 1850 Paris, France | September 17, 1936 Miribel-les-Échelles, France | 1905, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1914, 1915, 1916,[b] 1918,[b] 1919,[b] 1920, 1921, 1922, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1934, 1935[b] | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[26] |
1906 | |||||
![]() | Walther Nernst | June 25, 1864 Gmina Wąbrzeźno, Poland | November 18, 1941 Niwica, Poland | 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918,[b] 1919,[b]1920, 1921, 1922[b] | Won the 1920 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[n] in 1921 and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too.[27] |
![]() | Victor Grignard | May 6, 1871 Cherbourg-en-Cotentin, France | December 13, 1935 Lyon, France | 1906, 1909, 1910, 1912, 1928 | [o][28] Shared the 1912 Nobel Prize in Chemistry [p][29] |
1907 | |||||
![]() | Paul Sabatier | November 5, 1854 Carcassonne, France | August 14, 1914 Toulouse, France | 1907, 1909, 1911, 1912, 1928, 1929 | |
![]() | Ernest Rutherford | August 30, 1871 Brightwater, New Zealand | October 19, 1937 Cambridge, England | 1907, 1908, 1923[b] | Won the 1908 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[q] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too.[30] |
![]() | Otto Wallach | March 27, 1847 Königsberg, Prussia | February 26, 1931 Göttingen, Germany | 1907, 1908, 1910 | Won the 1910 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[r].[31] |
![]() | Alfred Werner | December 12, 1866 Mulhouse, France | November 15, 1919 Zürich, Switzerland | 1907, 1908, 1911, 1912, 1913 | Won the 1913 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[s].[32] |
![]() | Stanislao Cannizzaro | July 13, 1826 Palermo, Italy | May 10, 1910 Rome, Italy | 1907 | [33] |
![]() | Sophus Mads Jørgensen | July 4, 1837 Slagelse, Denmark | April 1, 1914 Copenhagen, Denmark | 1907 | [34] |
![]() | Fredrik Adolf Kjellin | April 24, 1872 Södertälje, Sweden | December 30, 1910 Stockholm, Sweden | 1907 | Nominated the only time by Otto Pettersson.[35] |
![]() | William Crookes | June 17, 1832 London, England | April 4, 1919 London, England | 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1918[b] | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[36] |
![]() | Samuel Eyde | October 29, 1866 Arendal, Norway | June 21, 1940 Åsgårdstrand, Norway | 1907, 1909, 1913 | Nominated jointly with Kr.Birkeland only.[37] |
![]() | Kristian Birkeland | December 13, 1867 Oslo, Norway | June 15, 1917 Kanagawa, Japan | 1907, 1909, 1912, 1913 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[38] |
![]() | Heinrich Caro | February 13, 1834 Poznań, Poland | September 11, 1910 Dresden, Germany | 1907, 1910 | Nominated jointly with Ad.Frank only.[39] |
![]() | Adolph Frank | January 20, 1834 Klötze, Germany | May 30, 1916 Berlin, Germany | 1907, 1909,[b] 1910, 1916 | [40] |
![]() | Theodor Curtius | May 27, 1857 Duisburg, Germany | February 8, 1928 Heidelberg, Germany | 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1912,[b] 1913, 1914, 1916, 1917, 1919, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924 | [41] |
![]() | Albin Haller | March 7, 1849 Fellering, France | April 29, 1925 Paris, France | 1907, 1911,[b] 1912, 1913,[b] 1914,[b] 1915,[b] 1916, 1918,[b] 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925 | [42] |
1908 | |||||
![]() | Richard Willstätter | August 13, 1872 Karlsruhe, Germany | August 3, 1942 Muralto, Switzerland | 1908, 1909, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916[b] | Won the 1915 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[t].[43] |
![]() | Frederick Soddy | September 2, 1877 Eastbourne, England | September 22, 1956 Brighton, England | 1908, 1918, 1919, 1922 | Won the 1921 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[u] in 1922 and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[44] |
![]() | Albrecht Kossel | September 16, 1853 Rostock, Germany | July 5, 1927 Heidelberg, Germany | 1908 | Won the 1910 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.[45] |
![]() | Gustaf de Laval | May 9, 1845 Orsa, Sweden | February 2, 1913 Stockholm, Sweden | 1908 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too by Otto Pettersson only.[46] |
![]() | Georg Lunge | September 15, 1839 Wrocław, Poland | January 3, 1923 Zürich, Switzerland | 1908, 1909[b] | [47] |
![]() | Arthur Rudolf Hantzsch | March 7, 1857 Dresden, Germany | March 14, 1935 Dresden, Germany | 1908, 1918,[b] 1923,[b] 1927 | [48] |
1909 | |||||
![]() | Edmund Oscar von Lippmann | January 9, 1857 Vienna, Austria | September 24, 1940 Halle (Saale), Germany | 1909 | Nominated the only time by Alexander Herzfeld (1854–1928) from Institut für Zuckerindustrie.[49] |
![]() | Ernst Schulze (chemist)[b] | July 31, 1840 Bovenden, German Confederation | June 15, 1912 Zürich, Switzerland | 1909 | Nominated the only time by Ernst Winterstein |
![]() | Hans Heinrich Landolt | December 5, 1831 Zürich, Switzerland | March 15, 1910 Berlin, Germany | 1909, 1910 | [50] |
![]() | Otto Schönherr | December 1, 1861 Chemnitz, Germany | December 25, 1926 Dresden, Germany | 1909, 1910,[b] 1912 | [51] |
![]() | Karl Engler | January 5, 1842 Weisweil, Germany | February 7, 1925 Karlsruhe, Germany | 1909, 1910, 1911, 1916 | [52] |
Jean-Baptiste Senderens | January 27, 1856 Barbachen, France | September 26, 1937 Barbachen, France | 1909, 1928, 1929 | Nominated jointly with P.Sabatier only.[53] | |
![]() | Gabriel Bertrand | May 17, 1867 Paris, France | June 10, 1962 Paris, France | 1909, 1928, 1929, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1937, 1942, 1944, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1955, 1957 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[v][54][55] |
1910–1919
[edit]Picture | Name | Born | Died | Years nominated | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1910 | |||||
![]() | Heike Kamerlingh Onnes | September 21, 1853 Groningen, Netherlands | February 21, 1926 Leiden, Netherlands | 1910, 1911 | Won the 1913 Nobel Prize in Physics.[56] |
![]() | James Dewar | September 20, 1842 Kincardine, Scotland | March 27, 1923 London, England | 1903,[b] 1908,[b] 1910, 1911 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too[57] |
![]() | Carl Theodore Liebermann | February 23, 1842 Berlin, Germany | December 28, 1914 Berlin, Germany | 1910 | Nominated jointly with Otto Wallach the only time by B.Tollens.[58] |
![]() | Pierre-Émile Martin | August 18, 1824 Bourges, France | May 21, 1915 Fourchambault, France | 1910 | [59] |
![]() | Walther Spring | March 6, 1848 Liège, Belgium | July 17, 1911 Liège, Belgium | 1910 | Nominated the only time by Jean Léonard Krutwig (1857–1932) from University of Liège.[60] |
1911 | |||||
![]() | Marie Curie | November 7, 1867 Warsaw, Poland | July 4, 1934 Sancellemoz, France | 1911 | First woman nominated and first woman to win the 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[w] and Laureate of 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics too[61] |
![]() | Paul Ehrlich | March 14, 1854 Strzelin, Poland | August 20, 1915 Bad Homburg, Germany | 1911 | Shared the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Il.Il.Metchnikoff,[62] later nominated for "Work on chemotherapy."[63] |
![]() | Sahachiro Hata | March 23, 1873 Masuda, Japan | November 22, 1938 Tokyo, Japan | Nominated jointly with P.Ehrlich the only time by Em.Th.Kocher and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[x][63][64] First Asian nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. | |
![]() | William Henry Perkin Jr. | June 17, 1860 Wembley, England | September 17, 1929 Oxford, England | 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1922,[b] 1925, 1929 | [65] |
![]() | Angelo Angeli | August 20, 1864 Tarcento, Italy | May 31, 1931 Florence, Italy | 1911, 1913, 1917, 1918,[b] 1922, 1924, 1926, 1928, 1931 | [66] |
![]() | Gustav Heinrich Johann Apollon Tammann | June 9, 1861 Kingisepp, Russia | December 17, 1938 Göttingen, Germany | 1911, 1915, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925,[b] 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1933, 1934,[b] 1935, 1936, 1937 | [67] |
1912 | |||||
![]() | Fritz Haber | December 9, 1868 Wrocław, Poland | January 29, 1934 Basel, Switzerland | 1911,[b] 1912, 1913, 1915, 1916, 1917,[b] 1918, 1919, 1920[b] | Won the 1918 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[y] in 1919.[68] |
![]() | Hilaire de Chardonnet | May 1, 1839 Besançon, France | March 11, 1924 Paris, France | 1912 | Nominated the only time by H.Ost.[69] |
William Gilbert Mixter[b] | 1846 Dixon, Illinois, United States | 1936 | 1912 | Self-nomination only | |
Floris Osmond[b] | March 10, 1849 Paris, France | June 18, 1912 Saint-Leu-Taverny, France | 1912, 1913 | Nominated by H.L.Le Chatelier only | |
![]() | Philippe Barbier | March 2, 1848 Luzy, France | September 18, 1922 Bandol, France | 1912, 1920, 1922 | [70] |
![]() | Georges Urbain | April 12, 1872 Paris, France | November 5, 1938 Paris, France | 1912, 1913, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918,[b] 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1936, 1939 | [71] |
1913 | |||||
![]() | Richard Adolf Zsigmondy | April 1, 1865 Vienna, Austria | September 23, 1929 Göttingen, Germany | 1913, 1915, 1919,[b] 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925,[b] 1926 | Won the 1925 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[z] in 1926.[72] |
![]() | William Küster | September 23, 1863 Leipzig, Germany | March 5, 1929 Stuttgart, Germany | 1913 | [73] Jointly nominated only and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[aa][74] [75] |
![]() | Leon Marchlewski | December 15, 1869 Wloclawek, Poland | January 16, 1946 Kraków, Poland | ||
![]() | Karol Olszewski | January 29, 1846 Broniszów, Poland | March 24, 1915 Kraków, Poland | 1913 | Nominated the only time by K.Dziewoński and for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[76] |
![]() | Theodor Zincke | May 19, 1843 Uelzen, Germany | March 17, 1928 Marburg, Germany | 1913 | Nominated the only time by G.Heller.[77] |
![]() | William Francis Hillebrand[b] | December 12, 1853 Honolulu, Kingdom of Hawaii | February 7, 1925 United States | 1913, 1914 | Nominated by W.C.Böttger only |
![]() | Carl Harries | August 5, 1866 Luckenwalde, Germany | November 3, 1923 Berlin, Germany | 1913, 1914, 1915, 1917 | [78] |
![]() | Albert Recoura | January 20, 1862 Grenoble, France | December 21, 1945 Grenoble, France | 1913, 1915, 1921, 1922, 1924 | Nominated by H.L.Le Chatelier only.[79] |
1914 - Prize has been awarded a year later | |||||
![]() | Otto Hahn | March 8, 1879 Frankfurt, Germany | July 28, 1968 Göttingen, Germany | 1914, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1929, 1930, 1933, 1934, 1936, 1937, 1939, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1946 | Won the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[ab] in 1945 and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too.[80] |
![]() | Ernst Schmidt | July 13, 1845 Halle, Germany | July 5, 1921 Marburg, Germany | 1914 | Nominated the only time by J.Gadamer.[81] |
![]() | Alexander Tschirch | October 17, 1856 Guben, Germany | December 2, 1939 Bern, Switzerland | 1914, 1917, 1928 | [82] |
![]() | Paul Walden | July 26, 1863 Rozula, Latvia | January 22, 1957 Gammertingen, Germany | 1913,[b] 1914, 1918,[b] 1920, 1922,[b] 1927, 1928,[b] 1934, 1947, 1948, 1954 | [83] |
1915 | |||||
![]() | William Henry Bragg | July 2, 1862 Wigton, England | March 12, 1942 London, England | 1915 | Won the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics.[84] |
![]() | Henry Moseley | November 23, 1887 Weymouth, England | August 10, 1915 Gallipoli, Turkey | 1915 | Nominated jointly with W.H.Bragg the only time by Sv.Arrhenius. Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[85][86] Moseley has been killed before the only chance to be rewarded. |
![]() | Charles Galton Darwin | December 18, 1887 Cambridge, England | December 31, 1962 Cambridge, England | ||
![]() | Édouard Branly | November 23, 1844 Amiens, France | March 24, 1940 Paris, France | 1915 | Nominated the only time by H.L.Le Chatelier. Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[87] |
![]() | Eugen Herzfeld | February 23, 1865 Košice, Slovakia | October 1, 1944 Lugano, Switzerland [88] | 1915 | Nominated the only time by Em.Baur.[89] |
![]() | Emanuele Paternò | December 12, 1847 Palermo, Italy | January 17, 1925 Palermo, Italy | 1915 | Nominated the only time by Alb.Peratoner.[90] |
![]() | Emil Abderhalden | March 9, 1877 Oberuzwil, Switzerland | August 5, 1950 Zürich, Switzerland | 1915, 1918, 1923[b] | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[ac][91][92] |
![]() | Jean Baptiste Perrin | September 30, 1870 Lille, France | April 17, 1942 New York City, United States | 1915, 1919, 1920, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926 | Won the 1926 Nobel Prize in Physics.[93] |
1916 - this year Prize was not awarded | |||||
![]() | Theodor Svedberg | August 30, 1883 Valbo, Sweden | February 25, 1971 Kopparberg, Sweden | 1910,[b] 1911,[b] 1915,[b] 1916, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1923, 1924, 1925,[b] 1926 | Won the 1926 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[ad] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too.[94] |
![]() | Carl Bosch | August 27, 1874 Cologne, Germany | April 26, 1940 Heidelberg, Germany | 1915,[b] 1916, 1920, 1926, 1929, 1930, 1931 | Shared the 1931 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Fr.Bergius[ae].[95] |
![]() | Frank Wigglesworth Clarke | March 19, 1847 Boston, United States | May 23, 1931 Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States | 1916 | Nominated the only time by Hiram Colver McNeil (1866–1937) from George Washington University.[96] |
![]() | Felix Ehrlich | June 1, 1877 Bad Gandersheim, Germany | January 23, 1942 Oborniki Śląskie, Poland | 1916 | Nominated the only time by Alexander Herzfeld (1854–1928) from Institut für Zuckerindustrie.[97] |
![]() | Émile Bourquelot | June 21, 1851 Jandun, France | January 26, 1921 Paris, France | 1916, 1921[b] | [98] |
![]() | Josef Maria Eder | March 16, 1855 Krems an der Donau, Austria | October 18, 1944 Kitzbuhel, Austria | 1915,[b] 1916, 1921 | [99] |
1917 - this year Prize was not awarded | |||||
![]() | Fritz Pregl | September 3, 1869 Ljubljana, Slovenia | December 13, 1930 Graz, Austria | 1917, 1922, 1923 | Won the 1923 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[af] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too.[100] |
![]() | Knut Jacob Beskow | January 13, 1876 Stockholm, Sweden | January 28, 1928 Stockholm, Sweden | 1917 | [101] Jointly nominated the only time by P.Klason [102] |
![]() | Arthur Ramén | October 12, 1873 Uppsala, Sweden | September 30, 1926 Stockholm, Sweden | ||
Karl Andreas Hofmann[b] | April 2, 1870 Ansbach, Kingdom of Bavaria | October 15, 1940 Berlin-Charlottenburg, Germany | 1917 | Nominated the only time by Fr.Dolezalek | |
Arthur Michael[b] | August 7, 1853 Buffalo, New York, United States | February 8, 1942 Orlando, Florida, United States | 1917, 1922 | Nominated by Th.W.Richards only | |
Karl Oskar Widman[b] | January 2, 1852 Uppsala, Sweden | August 26, 1930 | 1917, 1924 | Nominated by A.Angeli only | |
![]() | Philippe-Auguste Guye | June 12, 1862 Geneva, Switzerland | March 27, 1922 Geneva, Switzerland | 1917, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922 | [103] |
![]() | Amé Pictet | July 12, 1857 Geneva, Switzerland | March 11, 1937 Geneva, Switzerland | 1917, 1920, 1924, 1926, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933 | [104] |
1918 - Prize has been awarded a year later | |||||
![]() | Hartog Jacob Hamburger | March 9, 1859 Alkmaar, Netherlands | January 4, 1924 Groningen, Netherlands | 1918 | Nominated the only time by H.von Euler-Chelpin and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[ag][105][106] |
![]() | Mikhail Tsvet | May 14, 1872 Asti, Italy | June 26, 1919 Voronezh, Russia | 1918 | Nominated the only time by Cornelis van Wisselingh (1859–1925) from University of Groningen.[107] |
![]() | Arthur Louis Day | October 30, 1869 Brookfield, Massachusetts, United States | March 2, 1960 Washington, D.C., United States | 1918[b] | Nominated the only time by Fr.M.Jaeger |
![]() | Robert Andrews Millikan | March 22, 1868 Morrison, Illinois, United States | December 19, 1953 San Marino, California, United States | Nominated jointly by James Bayard Clark (1869-?) the only time | |
![]() | Mihajlo Idvorski Pupin | October 4, 1858 (or October 9, 1854) Idvor, now Serbia | March 12, 1935 New York, United States | ||
![]() | Wilhelm Schlenk | March 22, 1879 Munich, Germany | April 29, 1943 Tübingen, Germany | 1918, 1920, 1924, 1925, 1929 | [108] |
1919 - this year Prize was not awarded | |||||
![]() | Martinus Beijerinck | March 16, 1851 Amsterdam, Netherlands | January 1, 1931 Gorssel, Netherlands | 1917,[b] 1918,[b] 1919, 1920 | Nominated by S.Orla-Jensen only.[109] |
![]() | Edward Curtis Franklin | March 1, 1862 Geary County, Kansas, United States | February 13, 1937 Stanford University, United States | 1919, 1921 | Nominated by D.St.Jordan only.[110] |
1920–1929
[edit]Picture | Name | Born | Died | Years nominated | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1920 - Prize has been awarded a year later | |||||
![]() | Niels Bohr | October 7, 1885 Copenhagen, Denmark | November 18, 1962 Copenhagen, Denmark | 1920, 1929 | Won the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physics.[111] |
![]() | Otto Philipp Fischer | November 28, 1852 Euskirchen, Germany | April 4, 1932 Erlangen, Germany | 1920 | Nominated the only time by G.Heller.[112] |
![]() | Domingo Emilio Noelting | June 8, 1851 Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic | August 6, 1922 Merano, Italy | 1920 | Nominated the only time by K.Dziewoński.[113] |
![]() | Arthur Amos Noyes | September 13, 1866 Newburyport, Massachusetts, United States | June 3, 1936 Pasadena, California, United States | 1920, 1927[b] | [114] |
![]() | Ossian Aschan | May 16, 1860 Helsinki, Finland | February 25, 1939 Helsinki, Finland | 1920, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1931, 1936 | [115] |
1921 - Prize has been awarded a year later | |||||
![]() | Friedrich Fichter | July 6, 1869 Basel, Switzerland | June 6, 1952 Basel, Switzerland | 1921[b] | Nominated the only time jointly with W.H.Nernst by J.Fr.C.Schall |
![]() | Ludwig Knorr | December 2, 1859 Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria | June 4, 1921 Jena, Germany | Nominated by B.L.P.Rassow the only time | |
Deutsche Chemische Gesellschaft | 1867 Berlin, North German Confederation | Nominated by Sv.A.Arrhenius the only time | |||
![]() | Charles Moureu | April 19, 1863 Mourenx, France | June 13, 1929 Biarritz, France | 1921, 1929 | [116] |
![]() | Søren Peter Lauritz Sørensen | January 9, 1868 Havrebjerg, Denmark | February 12, 1939 Copenhagen, Denmark | 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[ah][105][117] |
![]() | Herbert Freundlich | January 28, 1880 Charlottenburg, Germany | March 30, 1941 Minneapolis, United States | 1921, 1928, 1936 | [118] |
![]() | Moses Gomberg | February 8, 1866 Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine | February 12, 1947 Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States | 1915,[b] 1916,[b] 1921, 1922, 1924, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1938, 1940 | [119] |
![]() | Sergei Winogradsky | September 1, 1856 Kyiv, Ukraine | February 25, 1953 Brie-Comte-Robert, France | 1921, 1952 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[ai][120][121] |
1922 | |||||
![]() | Francis William Aston | September 1, 1877 Birmingham, England | November 20, 1945 Cambridge, England | 1922, 1923[b] | Won the 1922 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[aj] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too.[122] |
![]() | Arnold Frederick Holleman | August 28, 1859 Oisterwijk, Netherlands | August 11, 1953 Bloemendaal, Netherlands | 1922 | Nominated the only time by J.J.Blanksma.[123] |
![]() | Carl Auer von Welsbach | September 1, 1858 Vienna, Austria | August 4, 1929 Mölbling, Austria | 1918,[b] 1921,[b] 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1929 | [124] |
![]() | Nikodem Caro | May 23, 1871 Łódź, Poland | June 27, 1935 Zürich, Switzerland | 1922, 1932, 1933 | [125] |
![]() | Gilbert Newton Lewis | October 23, 1875 Weymouth, Massachusetts, United States | March 23, 1946 Berkeley, California, United States | 1922, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1946 | [126] |
1923 | |||||
Ladislav Pračka | March 27, 1877 Dolní Jelení, Austria-Hungary | December 9, 1922 | 1923[b] | Nominated the only time jointly with Ph.A.Guye and P.Walden by Albert Colson (4.3.1853 Varangéville - 12.4.1933 Paris) | |
Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaft | October 30, 1920 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too by Sv.Aug.Arrhenius only | |||
![]() | Henry Siedentopf | September 22, 1872 Bremen, Germany | May 8, 1940 Jena, Germany | 1921,[b] 1923, 1924 | Nominated jointly with R.Ad.Zsigmondy by W.Ostwald only.[127] |
![]() | Frederick Belding Power | March 4, 1853 New York, United States | March 26, 1927 Washington, D.C., United States | 1923, 1925 | [128] |
1924 - this year Prize was not awarded | |||||
![]() | Heinrich Otto Wieland | June 4, 1877 Pforzheim, Germany | August 5, 1947 Starnberg, Germany | 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1933, 1934 | Won the 1927 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[ak] in 1928 and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too.[129] |
![]() | Hans von Euler-Chelpin | February 15, 1873 Augsburg, Germany | November 6, 1964 Stockholm, Sweden | 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929 | Shared the 1929 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with A.Harden[al][130] |
![]() | George de Hevesy | August 1, 1885 Budapest, Hungary | July 5, 1966 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany | 1924, 1927, 1929, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944 | Won the 1943 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[am] in 1944 and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics and in Physiology or Medicine too.[131] |
![]() | Friedrich Emich | September 5, 1860 Graz, Austria | January 22, 1940 Graz, Austria | 1924, 1925 | Nominated jointly with W.Schlenk by Fr.Pregl only.[132] |
![]() | Dirk Coster | October 5, 1889 Amsterdam, Netherlands | February 12, 1950 Groningen, Netherlands | 1924, 1927, 1929, 1933 | Nominated jointly with G.de Hevesy only.[133] |
![]() | Lise Meitner | November 7, 1878 Vienna, Austria | October 27, 1968 Cambridge, England | 1924, 1925, 1929, 1930, 1933, 1934, 1936, 1937, 1939, 1941, 1942, 1946, 1947, 1948 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[134] |
1925 - Prize has been awarded a year later | |||||
![]() | André-Louis Debierne | July 14, 1874 Paris, France | August 31, 1949 Paris, France | 1925 | Nominated the only time by Albin Haller.[135] |
Johannes Georg Gadamer | April 1, 1867 Waldenburg, Silesia, North German Confederation | April 15, 1928 Marburg, Germany | 1925[b] | Nominated the only time jointly with H.K.A.S.von Euler-Chelpin, Th.Svedberg, H.O.Wieland, Ad.O.R.Windaus, R.Ad.Zsigmondy, M.Ern.A.Bodenstein, W.H.Perkin, Jr., W.J.Schlenk and G.H.J.Ap.Tammann by Fr.A.Kötz | |
Emil Otto Paul Bruno Ramann | April 30, 1851 Gut Dorotheenthal, German Confederation | January 19, 1926 Munich, Germany | Nominated the only time by Edw.Blanck | ||
![]() | John Jacob Abel | May 19, 1857 Cleveland, United States | May 26, 1938 Baltimore, United States | 1925, 1926, 1927, 1930[b] | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[an][136][137] |
1926 | |||||
![]() | Adolf Windaus | December 25, 1876 Berlin, Germany | June 9, 1959 Göttingen, Germany | 1925,[b] 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929[b] | Won the 1928 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[ao] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too.[138] |
![]() | Fritz Foerster | February 22, 1866 Zielona Gora, Poland | September 14, 1931 Dresden, Germany | 1926 | Nominated jointly with H.O.Wieland the only time by L.H.Plate.[139] |
![]() | Piero Ginori Conti | June 3, 1865 Florence, Italy | December 3, 1939 Florence, Italy | 1926 | Nominated the only time by P.Sabatier.[140] |
![]() | Giuseppe Oddo | June 9, 1865 Caltavuturo, Italy | November 5, 1954 Palermo, Italy | 1921,[b] 1926, 1935[b] | Nominated by himself or by his brother B.Oddo only.[141] |
![]() | Casimir Funk | February 23, 1884 Warsaw, Poland | November 19, 1967 New York City, United States | 1926, 1946 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[ap][142][143] |
![]() | Paul Pascal | July 4, 1880 Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise, France | January 26, 1968 Caen, France | 1926, 1927, 1949, 1957, 1958, 1960 | [144] |
1927 - Prize has been awarded a year later | |||||
![]() | Irving Langmuir | January 31, 1881 Brooklyn, United States | August 16, 1957 Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States | 1927, 1928, 1929, 1931, 1932 | Won the 1932 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[aq] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too.[145] |
![]() | Peter Debye | March 24, 1884 Maastricht, Netherlands | November 2, 1966 New York City, United States | 1927, 1928, 1929, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936 | Won the 1936 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[ar] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too.[146] |
![]() | Frederick Gowland Hopkins | June 20, 1861 Eastbourne, England | May 16, 1947 Cambridge, England | 1927 | Won the 1929 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.[147] |
![]() | Herbert Baker | June 9, 1862 Owletts, England | February 4, 1946 Cobham, Kent, England | 1927 | [148] Nominated jointly the only time by C.Drucker [149] |
![]() | Ernst Cohen | March 7, 1869 Amsterdam, Netherlands | March 6, 1944 Oswiecim, Poland | ||
![]() | Olof Hammarsten | August 21, 1841 Norrköping, Sweden | September 21, 1932 Uppsala, Sweden | 1911,[b] 1914,[b] 1915,[b] 1927 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[as][150][151] |
![]() | Julius Bredt | March 29, 1855 Berlin, Germany | September 21, 1937 Aachen, Germany | 1924,[b] 1927 | Nominated the only time by G.Heller.[152] |
![]() | Kurt Gustav Peters | August 17, 1897 Vienna, Austria | May 23, 1978 Vienna, Austria | 1927 | Nominated jointly with Fr.Paneth the only time by M.J.L.Le Blanc.[153] |
![]() | Friedrich Paneth | August 31, 1887 Vienna, Austria | September 17, 1958 Mainz, Germany | 1927, 1932, 1935, 1939, 1948, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958 | [154] |
![]() | Niels Bjerrum | March 11, 1879 Copenhagen, Denmark | September 30, 1958 Copenhagen, Denmark | 1927, 1931, 1956 | [155] |
1928 | |||||
![]() | Robert Robinson | September 13, 1886 Derbyshire, England | February 8, 1975 Great Missenden, England | 1928, 1933, 1935, 1936, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1946, 1947 | Won the 1947 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[at].[156] |
![]() | Samuel Colville Lind | June 15, 1879 McMinnville, Tennessee, United States | February 12, 1965 Clinch River near Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States | 1928 | Nominated the only time by Colin Garfield Fink (1881–1953) - the President and the Secretary of the Electrochemical Society.[157] |
![]() | Kazimierz Fajans | May 27, 1887 Warsaw, Poland | May 18, 1975 Michigan, United States | 1924,[b] 1928, 1934 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too[158] |
![]() | Bruno Tacke | August 26, 1861 Wissen, Germany | October 28, 1942 Hagen, Germany | 1928, 1936 | Nominated by P.Ehrenberg only.[159] |
![]() | Hans Fischer | July 27, 1881 Frankfurt, Germany | March 31, 1945 Munich, Germany | 1928, 1929, 1930 | Won the 1930 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[au] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too.[160] |
1929 | |||||
![]() | Alfred Fabian Hess | October 9, 1875 New York City, United States | December 5, 1933 The Bronx, United States | 1929 | Nominated jointly with H.Fischer the only time by J.Wagner-Jauregg and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[av][161][162][163] |
![]() | Arthur Harden | October 12, 1865 Manchester, England | June 17, 1940 Wooburn Green, England | 1929 | Shared the 1929 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with H.von Euler-Chelpin[al][164] |
![]() | Friedrich Bergius | October 11, 1884 Wrocław, Poland | March 30, 1949 Buenos Aires, Argentina | 1929, 1931 | Shared the 1931 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with C.Bosch[ae].[165] |
![]() | Walter Norman Haworth | March 19, 1883 White Coppice, England | March 19, 1950 Barnt Green, England | 1929, 1930, 1931, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937 | Shared the 1937 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[aw] with P.Karrer.[166] |
![]() | Otto Heinrich Warburg | October 8, 1883 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany | August 1, 1970 Berlin, Germany | 1929, 1931, 1960 | Won the 1931 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.[167] |
![]() | George Barger | April 4, 1878 Manchester, England | January 6, 1939 Aeschi, Switzerland | 1929 | [168] Nominated jointly the only time and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[ax][169] [170] |
![]() | Charles Harington | August 1, 1897 Llanerfyl, Wales | February 4, 1972 London, England | ||
![]() | Kurt Bennewitz | January 2, 1886 Magdeburg, Germany | November 28, 1964 Bonn, Germany | 1929 | Nominated the only time by J.Billiter.[171] |
![]() | Johannes van Laar | July 10, 1860 The Hague, Netherlands | December 9, 1938 Clarens, Switzerland | 1929 | Nominated the only time by J.J.Blanksma.[172] |
![]() | Alfred Stock | July 16, 1876 Gdańsk, Poland | August 12, 1946 Aken (Elbe), Germany | 1929 | Nominated the only time by Alfons Franz Klemenc (1885–1960) from TU Wien.[173] |
Heinrich Hubert Maria Josef Houben[b] | October 27, 1875 Waldfeucht, German Empire | June 28, 1940 Tübingen, Germany | 1929 | Self-nomination the only time | |
![]() | Carl Neuberg | July 29, 1877 Hanover, Germany | May 30, 1956 New York City, United States | 1921,[b] 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[ay][174][175] |
![]() | Frédéric Swarts | September 2, 1866 Ixelles, Belgium | September 6, 1940 Ghent, Belgium | 1926,[b] 1929, 1932, 1933, 1935 | [176] |
![]() | Max Bodenstein | July 15, 1871 Magdeburg, Germany | September 3, 1942 Berlin, Germany | 1925,[b] 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937 | [177] |
![]() | Otto Ruff | December 12, 1871 Baden-Württemberg, Germany | September 17, 1939 Wrocław, Poland | 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937 | [178] |
![]() | Victor Goldschmidt | January 27, 1888 Zürich, Switzerland | March 20, 1947 Oslo, Norway | 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1936, 1940 | [179] |
![]() | Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted | February 22, 1879 Varde, Denmark | December 17, 1947 Copenhagen, Denmark | 1929, 1933, 1948, 1949 | [180] |
![]() | Charles Dufraisse | August 20, 1885 Excideuil, France | August 5, 1969 Excideuil, France | 1929, 1948, 1950, 1952, 1954, 1956, 1958 | [181] |
1930–1939
[edit]Picture | Name | Born | Died | Years nominated | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1930 | |||||
![]() | Percy Williams Bridgman | April 21, 1882 Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States | August 20, 1961 Randolph, New Hampshire, United States | 1930 | Won the 1946 Nobel Prize in Physics.[182] |
![]() | Carl F. Schmidt | July 29, 1893 Lebanon, Pennsylvania, United States | April 4, 1988 Radnor Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States | 1930 | [183] |
![]() | Werner Karl Heisenberg[b] | December 5, 1901 Würzburg, German Empire | February 1, 1976 Munich, Germany | 1930, 1931 | Nominated jointly with Arn.Th.Eucken and K.-Fr.Bonhoeffer only by J.B.Perrin[184] |
![]() | Arnold Thomas Eucken | July 3, 1884 Jena, Germany | June 16, 1950 Seebruck, Germany | 1930, 1931[b], 1934 | Nominated jointly with K.-Fr.Bonhoeffer only.[185] |
![]() | Karl-Friedrich Bonhoeffer | January 13, 1899 Wrocław, Poland | May 15, 1957 Göttingen, Germany | 1930, 1931[b], 1934, 1937, 1952 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[186] |
1931 | |||||
![]() | Leopold Ružička | September 13, 1887 Vukovar, Croatia | September 26, 1976 Mammern, Switzerland | 1931, 1933[b], 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939 | Shared the 1939 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[az] with Ad.Fr.J.Butenandt.[187] |
![]() | Hermann Staudinger | March 23, 1881 Worms, Germany | September 8, 1965 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany | 1931, 1932, 1934, 1935, 1939, 1941, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 | Won the 1953 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[ba][188] |
![]() | Werner Schulemann | May 4, 1888 Nysa, Poland | June 20, 1975 Bonn, Germany | 1931 | Nominated the only time by H.K.G.Schmidt and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[bb][189][190] |
![]() | Karl von Auwers | September 16, 1863 Gotha, Germany | May 3, 1939 Marburg, Germany | 1931 | [191] |
![]() | Nicola Parravano[b] | July 21, 1883 Fontana Liri, Kingdom of Italy | August 10, 1938 Fiuggi, Kingdom of Italy | 1931 | |
![]() | Frederick George Donnan | September 6, 1870 Colombo, Sri Lanka | December 16, 1956 Canterbury, England | 1931, 1933 | [192] |
![]() | Peter Klason | April 4, 1848 Falkenberg, Sweden | January 1, 1937 Stockholm, Sweden | 1931, 1932, 1934, 1935 | [193] |
![]() | James Irvine | May 9, 1877 Glasgow, Scotland | June 12, 1952 Edinburgh, Scotland | 1931, 1935, 1936 | Nominated jointly with W.N.Haworth only.[194] |
![]() | Werner Kuhn | February 6, 1899 Maur, Switzerland | August 27, 1963 Basel, Switzerland | 1931, 1952, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964 | [195] |
1932 | |||||
![]() | Paul Karrer | April 21, 1889 Moscow, Russia | June 18, 1971 Zürich, Switzerland | 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937 | Shared the 1937 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[bc] with Walter Norman Haworth.[196] |
![]() | Richard Kuhn | December 3, 1900 Vienna, Austria | August 1, 1967 Heidelberg, Germany | 1932, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1939 | Won the 1938 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[bd] in 1939.[197] |
![]() | Otto Diels | January 23, 1876 Hamburg, Germany | March 7, 1954 Kiel, Germany | 1931,[b] 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1949, 1950 | Shared the 1950 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with K.Alder[be][198] |
![]() | Gustav Embden | November 10, 1874 Hamburg, Germany | July 25, 1933 Nassau, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany | 1932 | Nominated jointly with C.Neuberg the only time by H.von Euler-Chelpin and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[bf][199][200] |
![]() | Walter Noddack | August 17, 1893 Berlin, Germany | December 7, 1960 Berlin, Germany | 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1937 | [201] |
1933 - this year Prize was not awarded | |||||
![]() | Ida Tacke Noddack | February 25, 1896 Rhine Province, Germany | September 24, 1978 Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler, Germany | 1933, 1935, 1937 | Nominated jointly with W.Noddack only.[202] |
![]() | Artturi Ilmari Virtanen | January 15, 1895 Helsinki, Finland | November 11, 1973 Helsinki, Finland | 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945 | Won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[bg][203] |
![]() | Ernst Späth | May 14, 1886 Moravský Beroun, Czechia | September 30, 1946 Zürich, Switzerland | 1933 | Nominated jointly with P.Karrer the only time by K.Brass.[204] |
![]() | Emil Votoček | October 5, 1872 Hostinné, Czechia | October 11, 1950 Prague, Czechia | 1933 | [205] |
1934 | |||||
![]() | Adolf Butenandt | March 24, 1903 Bremerhaven, Germany | January 18, 1995 Munich, Germany | 1934, 1935, 1936, 1938, 1939 | Shared the 1939 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[bh] with L.Ružička and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too.[206] |
![]() | Jaroslav Heyrovský | December 20, 1890 Prague, Czechia | March 27, 1967 Prague, Czechia | 1934, 1938, 1940, 1944, 1947, 1950, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959 | Won the 1959 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[bi] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics and in Physiology or Medicine too.[207] |
![]() | Harold Clayton Urey | April 29, 1893 Walkerton, Indiana, United States | January 5, 1981 La Jolla, California, United States | 1934 | Won the 1934 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[bj] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too.[208] |
![]() | Edward Wight Washburn | May 10, 1881 Beatrice, Nebraska, United States | February 6, 1934 Washington, D.C., United States | 1934 | Nominated jointly with H.Cl.Urey the only time by Th.Svedberg.[209] Died before the only chance to be rewarded. |
Discoverers of Heavy Water[b] | 1934 | Nominated by W.Dilthey the only time | |||
![]() | Louis Camille Maillard | February 4, 1878 Pont-à-Mousson, France | May 12, 1936 Paris, France | 1934 | Nominated the only time by R.Maire.[210] |
Fritz Micheel | July 3, 1900 Strasburg, Germany | June 8, 1982 Münster, Germany | 1934[b] | Nominated jointly with W.N.Haworth, P.Karrer and Edm.L.Hirst by W.Dilthey the only time | |
![]() | David Reichinstein | June 9, 1882 Mogilev, Russian Empire | November 4, 1955 Zürich, Switzerland | ||
![]() | Albert Imre Szent-Györgyi | September 16, 1893 Budapest, Austria-Hungary | October 22, 1986 Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States | ||
![]() | Fritz Kögl | September 19, 1897 Munich, Germany | June 6, 1959 Utrecht, Netherlands | 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1940, 1941, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[bk][211][212] |
![]() | Erik Karl Mauritz Hägglund | June 15, 1887 Timrå, Sweden | March 13, 1959 Stockholm, Sweden | 1934, 1956 | [213] |
1935 | |||||
![]() | Frédéric Joliot | March 19, 1900 Paris, France | August 14, 1958 Paris, France | 1935, 1936[b] | [214] Shared the 1935 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[bl] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too [215] |
![]() | Irène Joliot-Curie | September 12, 1897 Paris, France | March 17, 1956 Paris, France | ||
![]() | Enrico Fermi | September 9, 1901 Rome, Italy | November 28, 1954 Chicago, United States | 1935, 1936, 1937 | Won the 1938 Nobel Prize in Physics.[216] |
![]() | George Oliver Curme Jr. | December 24, 1888 Mount Vernon, Iowa, United States | July 28, 1976 Oak Bluffs, Massachusetts, United States | 1935 | Nominated jointly with Ph.Levene the only time by M.T.Bogert.[217] |
![]() | Phoebus Levene | February 25, 1869 Žagarė, Lithuania | September 6, 1940 New York City, United States | 1935 | Nominated jointly with G.Ol.Curme Jr. the only time by M.T.Bogert and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[bm][218][219] |
![]() | Colin Garfield Fink[220] | December 31, 1881 Hoboken, New Jersey, United States | September 17, 1953 Red Bank, New Jersey, United States | 1935 | Nominated the only time by Harold Hibbert (1877–1945) from McGill University.[221] |
![]() | Max Bergmann | February 12, 1886 Fürth, Germany | November 7, 1944 New York City, United States | 1935, 1940 | Nominated by K.Landsteiner only.[222] |
1936 | |||||
![]() | William Giauque | May 12, 1895 Niagara Falls, Canada | March 28, 1982 Berkeley, California, United States | 1936, 1937, 1942, 1947, 1948, 1949 | Won the 1949 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[bn] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too.[223] |
![]() | Kurt Alder | July 10, 1902 Chorzow, Poland | June 20, 1958 Cologne, Germany | 1936, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1949, 1950 | Shared the 1950 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with O.Diels[be].[224] |
![]() | Umetaro Suzuki | April 7, 1874 Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan | September 20, 1943 Tokyo, Japan | 1927[b], 1936 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[bo][225][226] |
![]() | William Arthur Bone | March 19, 1871 Stockton-on-Tees, England | June 11, 1938 London, England | 1936 | Nominated the only time by James Charles Philip (1873–1941) from Imperial College London.[227] |
![]() | Jacob Heslinga | August 24, 1896 Pingjum, Netherlands | 1966 | 1936 | [228] Nominated jointly[229] the only time by J.J.Blanksma [230] |
![]() | Henri ter Meulen | November 30, 1871 Amsterdam, Netherlands | June 24, 1942 The Hague, Netherlands | ||
![]() | Otto Hönigschmid | March 13, 1878 Horovice, Czechia | October 14, 1945 Munich, Germany | 1936 | Nominated the only time by Hermann Pauly.[231] |
![]() | Jens Möller | July 2, 1894 Warnitz, Denmark | November 28, 1951 Gråsten, Denmark | 1936 | Nominated the only time by P.E.Raaschou.[232] |
![]() | IG Farben's research laboratory, Elberfeld[b] | December 2, 1925 Germany | October 31, 2012 Germany | 1936 | Nominated the only time by J.Wagner-Jauregg |
![]() | Wojciech Świętosławski | June 21, 1881 Kiryjówka, Poland | April 29, 1968 Warsaw, Poland | 1936, 1950, 1957, 1958, 1960, 1962 | [233] |
1937 | |||||
![]() | Hugo Theorell | July 6, 1903 Linköping, Sweden | August 15, 1982 Stockholm, Sweden | 1937, 1938, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955 | Won the 1955 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.[234] |
![]() | Marc Tiffeneau | November 5, 1873 Mouy, France | May 20, 1945 Paris, France | 1937 | Nominated the only time by Jean-Louis Chelle (1881–1960) from University of Bordeaux.[235] |
![]() | Arthur Heinrich Binz | November 12, 1868 Bonn, Germany | January 25, 1943 Berlin, Germany | 1937 | [236] Professors of Chemistry from the Agricultural College in Berlin nominated jointly the only time by Hans Albert Bausch. [237] |
![]() | Curt Räth[238] | December 1, 1893 Schöneberg, Germany | November 29, 1944 Charlottenburg, Germany | ||
![]() | Franz Joseph Emil Fischer | March 19, 1877 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany | December 1, 1947 Munich, Germany | 1937 | Nominated jointly with Fr.Hofmann the only time by Ernst Terres.[239] |
![]() | Fritz Hofmann | November 2, 1866 Kölleda, Germany | October 29, 1956 Hanover, Germany | 1937 | [240] |
![]() | Gustaf Komppa | July 28, 1867 Vyborg, Russia | January 20, 1949 Helsinki, Finland | 1937, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945 | [241] |
![]() | Paul Harteck | July 20, 1902 Vienna, Austria | January 22, 1985 Santa Barbara, California, United States | 1937, 1952 | [242] |
![]() | Fritz London | March 7, 1900 Breslau, now Poland | March 30, 1954 Durham, North Carolina, United States | 1937, 1942, 1950, 1963 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[243] |
1938 - Prize has been awarded a year later | |||||
![]() | Wendell Meredith Stanley | August 16, 1904 Ridgeville, Indiana, United States | June 15, 1971 Salamanca, Spain | 1938, 1939, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1946 | Shared the 1946 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with J.H.Northrop[bp] and J.B.Sumner and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too.[244] |
![]() | William Draper Harkins | December 28, 1873 Titusville, Pennsylvania, United States | March 7, 1951 Chicago, United States | 1933,[b] 1938 | [245] |
![]() | Jacob Böeseken | August 20, 1868 Rotterdam, Netherlands | May 16, 1949 Delft, Netherlands | 1938 | Nominated the only time by H. ter Meulen[246] |
![]() | Victor Henri | June 6, 1872 Marseille, France | June 21, 1940 La Rochelle, France | 1938 | Nominated the only time by J.Errera.[247] |
![]() | Vladimir Ipatieff | November 21, 1867 Moscow, Russia | November 29, 1952 Chicago, United States | 1938, 1941, 1942, 1948, 1949, 1950 | [248] |
![]() | Arthur Stoll | January 8, 1887 Schinznach-Dorf, Switzerland | January 13, 1971 Dornach, Switzerland | 1938, 1940, 1942, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1957, 1959, 1960 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[bq][249][250] |
1939 | |||||
![]() | Georg Bredig | October 1, 1868 Glogow, Poland | April 24, 1944 New York City, United States | 1922,[b] 1939 | [251] |
![]() | Frederick Charles Bawden | August 18, 1908 Devonshire, England | February 8, 1972 Hertfordshire, England | 1939 | [252] Nominated jointly the only time by Th.Svedberg and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[br][253] [254] |
![]() | Norman Pirie | July 1, 1907 Easebourne, England | March 29, 1997 Harpenden, England | ||
![]() | Paul Job[255] | December 4, 1886 Nancy, France | July 29, 1957 Paris, France | 1939 | Nominated the only time by Marcel Lemarchands (1889–1943) from the University of Lyon.[256] |
![]() | Maurice Piettre[257] | January 14, 1878 Paris, France | January 13, 1954 Paris, France | 1939 | Nominated the only time by L.de Broglie.[258] |
![]() | Francesco Giordani | July 5, 1896 Naples, Italy | January 24, 1961 Naples, Italy | 1939 | [259] |
![]() | Dorothy Maud Wrinch | September 12, 1894 Rosario, Argentina | February 11, 1976 Falmouth,_Massachusetts, United States | 1939 | [260] |
![]() | Conrad Elvehjem | May 27, 1901 McFarland, Wisconsin, United States | July 27, 1962 Madison, Wisconsin, United States | 1939, 1944 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[bs][261][262] |
![]() | Ernest Fourneau | October 4, 1872 Biarritz, France | August 5, 1949 Ascain, France | 1939, 1940, 1949 | [263] |
![]() | Robley Cook Williams | October 13, 1908 Santa Rosa, California, United States | January 3, 1995 New York City, United States | 1939, 1940, 1945, 1948, 1956 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[bt][264][265] |
1940–1949
[edit]Picture | Name | Born | Died | Years nominated | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1940 - this year Prize was not awarded | |||||
![]() | Linus Pauling | February 28, 1901 Portland, Oregon, United States | August 19, 1994 Big Sur, United States | 1940, 1941, 1943, 1944, 1946, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955 | Won the 1954 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[bu] and the 1962 Nobel Peace Prize. Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too.[266] |
![]() | Fritz Weigert | September 18, 1876 Berlin, Germany | April 13, 1947 Berlin, Germany | 1940 | Nominated the only time by H.von Halban.[267] |
![]() | Jacques Tréfouël | November 9, 1897 Le Raincy, France | July 11, 1977 Paris, France | 1940, 1944, 1946, 1950, 1951 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[bv][268][269] |
![]() | Christopher Kelk Ingold | October 28, 1893 London, England | December 8, 1970 Edgware, England | 1940, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970 | [270] |
![]() | John Howard Northrop | July 5, 1891 Yonkers, New York, United States | May 27, 1987 Wickenburg, Arizona, United States | 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1946 | [bp][271] Shared the 1946 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with W.M.Stanley and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too. [bw][272] |
1941 - this year Prize was not awarded | |||||
![]() | James Batcheller Sumner | November 19, 1887 Canton, Massachusetts, United States | August 12, 1955 Buffalo, New York, United States | 1941, 1944, 1945, 1946 | |
![]() | Moses Kunitz | December 19, 1887 Slonim, Belarus | April 21, 1978 Philadelphia, United States | 1941 | Nominated jointly with J.H.Northrop and J.B.Sumner only and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[bx][273][274] |
![]() | Rudolph Schoenheimer | May 10, 1898 Berlin, Germany | September 11, 1941 Yonkers, New York, United States | 1941 | Nominated jointly with G.Ch.de Hevesy the only time by H.Urey and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[by][275][276] |
![]() | Paul Niggli | June 26, 1888 Zofingen, Switzerland | January 13, 1953 Zürich, Switzerland | 1941 | [277] |
![]() | Donald Van Slyke | March 29, 1883 Pike, New York, United States | May 4, 1971 Brookhaven, New York, United States | 1941, 1945 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[bz][278][279] |
![]() | Albert Marcel Germain René Portevin | November 1, 1880 Paris, France | April 12, 1962 Paris, France | 1941, 1945, 1948, 1950, 1959 | Nominated by G.-L.Chaudron only and for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[280] |
1942 - this year Prize was not awarded | |||||
![]() | René Bernard Wurmser | September 24, 1890 Paris, France | November 9, 1993 Paris, France | 1942 | Nominated the only time by J.B.Perrin.[281] |
![]() | Ernest Kennaway | May 23, 1881 Exeter, England | January 1, 1958 London, England | 1942, 1944 | Nominated jointly with J.W.Cook only and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[ca][282][283] |
![]() | James Wilfred Cook | December 10, 1900 South Kensington, England | October 21, 1975 Exeter, England | 1942, 1944, 1950, 1952 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[ca][282][284] |
![]() | Walter Heitler | January 2, 1904 Karlsruhe, Germany | November 15, 1981 Zollikon, Switzerland | 1942, 1950, 1959, 1963, 1964, 1969, 1970 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[285] |
1943 - Prize has been awarded a year later | |||||
![]() | Tadeusz Reichstein | July 20, 1897 Wloclawek, Poland | August 1, 1996 Basel, Switzerland | 1943, 1944, 1945, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950 | Shared the 1950 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Edw.C.Kendall and Ph.Sh.Hench.[286] |
1944 - Prize has been awarded a year later | |||||
![]() | Vincent du Vigneaud | May 18, 1901 Chicago, United States | December 11, 1978 White Plains, New York, United States | 1944, 1945, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1954, 1955, 1956 | Won the 1955 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[cb] and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too.[287] |
![]() | Harry Steenbock | August 16, 1886 Charlestown, Wisconsin, United States | December 25, 1967 Madison, Wisconsin, United States | 1944 | Nominated the only time by Olaf Andreas Hougen (1893–1986) from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[cc][162][288] |
![]() | Edward Charles Dodds | October 13, 1899 Liverpool, England | December 16, 1973 London, England | 1944 | Nominated jointly with Ern.Kennaway, J.W.Cook, Fr.Kögl and Kl.Clusius the only time by J.B.Gillis and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[cd][289][290] |
![]() | Klaus Clusius | March 19, 1903 Wrocław, Poland | May 28, 1963 Zürich, Switzerland | 1944, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1961 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[291] |
![]() | Karl Paul Link | January 31, 1901 LaPorte, Indiana, United States | November 21, 1978 Madison, Wisconsin, United States | 1944, 1960 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[ce][292][293] |
![]() | Henry Eyring | February 20, 1901 Colonia Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico | December 26, 1981 Salt Lake City, Utah, Mexico | 1944, 1950, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1968, 1969, 1970 | [294] |
1945 | |||||
![]() | Arne Fredrik Westgren | July 11, 1889 Årjäng, Sweden | March 7, 1975 Stockholm, Sweden | 1945 | Nominated the only time by Donald Pritchard Smith (1879–1957) from the Princeton University.[295] |
1946 | |||||
![]() | Glenn Theodore Seaborg | April 19, 1912 Ishpeming, Michigan, United States | February 25, 1999 Lafayette, California, United States | 1946, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1955 | Shared the 1951 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Edw.McMillan[cf].[296] |
![]() | Robert Burns Woodward | April 10, 1917 Boston, United States | July 8, 1979 Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States | 1946, 1947, 1948, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965 | Woodward holds the highest record as the most nominated person for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry and won on 1965[cg]. He was nominated 111 times.[297] |
![]() | Hans Adolf Krebs | August 25, 1900 Hildesheim, Germany | November 22, 1981 Oxford, England | 1946, 1950 | Won the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.[298] |
![]() | Hugh Stott Taylor | February 6, 1890 St. Helens, Merseyside, England | April 17, 1974 Princeton, New Jersey, United States | 1946 | Nominated the only time by N.H.Furman.[299] |
![]() | William von Eggers Doering | June 22, 1917 Fort Worth, Texas, United States | January 3, 2011 Waltham, Massachusetts, United States | 1946, 1947, 1968 | [300] |
![]() | Alexander Frumkin | October 24, 1895 Chișinău, Moldova | May 27, 1976 Tula, Russia | 1946, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969 | [301] |
![]() | Nikolay Semyonov | April 15, 1896 Saratov, Russia | September 25, 1986 Moscow, Russia | 1946, 1947, 1948, 1950, 1955, 1956, 1957 | [302] Shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[ch] [303] |
1947 | |||||
![]() | Cyril Norman Hinshelwood | June 19, 1897 London, England | October 9, 1967 London, England | 1947, 1948, 1949, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956 | |
![]() | Arne Tiselius | August 10, 1902 Stockholm, Sweden | October 29, 1971 Uppsala, Sweden | 1947, 1948 | Won the 1948 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[ci] and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too.[304] |
![]() | Henri Devaux[305] | July 6, 1862 Étaules, Charente-Maritime, France | March 14, 1956 Bordeaux, France | 1947 | Nominated the only time by L.Genevois.[306] |
![]() | Leo Szilard | February 11, 1898 Budapest, Hungary | May 30, 1964 San Diego, California, United States | 1947 | Nominated the only time by M.Polanyi and for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[307] |
J.R. Geigy SA (founded by J. R. Geigy-Merian)[308][309] | 1857 Basel, Switzerland | 1970 Basel, Switzerland | 1947 | Nominated jointly with P.Läuger the only time by Bawa Kartar Singh (1886–1960) from the University of the Punjab. First and last company nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry[310] | |
![]() | Paul Läuger[311] | 1896 | 1959 | 1947 | Nominated jointly with J.R. Geigy SA the only time by Bawa Kartar Singh (1886–1960) from the University of the Punjab and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[cj][312][313] |
![]() | Otto Robert Frisch | October 1, 1904 Vienna, Austria | September 22, 1979 Cambridge, England | 1947, 1948 | Nominated jointly with L.Meitner by N.Bohr only and for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[314] |
1948 | |||||
![]() | Edwin McMillan | September 18, 1907 Redondo Beach, California, United States | September 7, 1991 El Cerrito, California, United States | 1948, 1951 | Shared the 1951 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Gl.Th.Seaborg[cf] and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too.[315] |
![]() | Philip Abelson | April 27, 1913 Tacoma, Washington, United States | August 1, 2004 Bethesda, Maryland, United States | 1948 | Nominated jointly with Edw.McMillan the only time by Don Merlin Lee Yost (1893–1977) from the California Institute of Technology.[316] |
![]() | Paul Lebeau | December 19, 1868 Boiscommun, France | November 18, 1959 Massy, Essonne, France | 1948 | Nominated the only time by L.Hackspill.[317] |
![]() | David Rittenberg | November 11, 1906 New York City, United States | January 24, 1970 New York City, United States | 1948 | Nominated the only time by Egbert Havinga (1909–1988) from Leiden University and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too. [318] |
![]() | Alfred Mirsky | October 17, 1900 New York City, United States | June 19, 1974 New York City, United States | 1948 | Nominated the only time by H.K.A.S.von Euler-Chelpin.[319] |
![]() | Paul Rabe | August 24, 1869 Hoym, Germany | August 28, 1952 Hamburg, Germany | 1948 | Nominated jointly with R.B.Woodward the only time by L.Zechmeister.[320] |
![]() | Gerhard Dickel | October 28, 1913 Augsburg, Germany | November 3, 2017 Augsburg, Germany | 1948 | Nominated jointly with Kl.Clusius the only time by H.Urey.[321] |
![]() | Joseph William Kennedy | May 30, 1916 Nacogdoches, Texas, United States | May 5, 1957 St. Louis, Missouri, United States | 1948 | Nominated jointly with Gl.T.Seaborg the only time by H.Urey.[322] |
![]() | Pierre Armand Jacquet | April 7, 1906 Saint-Mandé, France | September 6, 1967 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France | 1948, 1950 | Nominated jointly with Alb.Portevin and Ch.Dufraisse by G.-L.Chaudron only.[323] |
![]() | Morris Selig Kharasch | August 24, 1895 Kremenets', Ukraine | October 9, 1957 Copenhagen, Denmark | 1948, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957 | [324] |
![]() | Roger Adams | January 2, 1889 Boston, United States | July 6, 1971 Urbana, Illinois, United States | 1948, 1949, 1952, 1957, 1959, 1960 | [325] |
![]() | Hans Meerwein | May 20, 1879 Hamburg, Germany | October 24, 1965 Marburg, Germany | 1948, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965 | [326] |
![]() | Arvid Hedvall | January 18, 1888 Skara, Sweden | December 24, 1974 Gothenburg, Sweden | 1948, 1949, 1950, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1960, 1962, 1969 | [327] |
![]() | Chester Hamlin Werkman | June 17, 1893 Fort Wayne, Indiana, United States | September 10, 1962 Ames, Iowa, United States | 1948, 1949, 1950, 1952 | [328] Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[ck][329] Nominated jointly with Ch.H.Werkman only[330] |
1949 | |||||
![]() | Harland Goff Wood | September 2, 1907 Delavan, Minnesota, United States | September 12, 1991 Cleveland, United States | 1949, 1950, 1952 | |
![]() | Albert Kluyver | June 3, 1888 Breda, Netherlands | May 14, 1956 Delft, Netherlands | 1949 | Nominated jointly with Ch.H.Werkman the only time by A.I.Virtanen.[331] |
![]() | Alexander Robertus Todd | October 2, 1907 Glasgow, Scotland | January 10, 1997 Oakington, England | 1949, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957 | Won the 1957 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[cl].[332] |
![]() | Edward Calvin Kendall | March 8, 1886 South Norwalk, United States | May 4, 1972 Princeton, New Jersey, United States | 1949 | Shared the 1950 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with T.Reichstein and Ph.Sh.Hench.[333] |
![]() | Edwin Joseph Cohn | December 17, 1892 New York City, United States | October 1, 1953 Boston, United States | 1949 | Nominated the only time by George Scatchard (1892–1973) from Massachusetts Institute of Technology and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[cm][334][335] |
![]() | George William Heise[336] | June 27, 1888 Milwaukee, United States | 1972 United States | 1949 | Nominated the only time by Sherlock Swann Jr. (1900–1983) from University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign.[337] |
![]() | Karl Miescher | January 8, 1892 Naples, Italy | April 14, 1974 Riehen, Switzerland | 1949 | Nominated the only time by L.Fieser.[338] |
![]() | George Malcolm Dyson | April 5, 1902 London, England | December 16, 1978 Loughborough, England | 1949 | [339] Nominated jointly the only time by Ernest H. Huntress (1899–1970) from Massachusetts Institute of Technology [340] |
![]() | Friedrich Richter[341] | September 1, 1896 Berlin, Germany | November 22, 1961 Frankfurt, Germany | ||
![]() | Domingo Giribaldo | January 25, 1860 Pando, Uruguay | July 9, 1950 Montevideo, Uruguay | 1949 | First Latin American nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[342] |
![]() | Ralph Walter Graystone Wyckoff | August 9, 1897 Geneva, New York, United States | November 3, 1994 Tucson, Arizona, United States | 1949, 1952 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[cn][343][344] |
![]() | David Keilin | March 21, 1887 Moscow, Russia | February 27, 1963 Cambridge, England | 1949, 1950, 1954, 1955, 1960 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[co][345][346] |
![]() | Karl August Folkers | September 1, 1906 Decatur, Illinois, United States | December 7, 1997 New London, New Hampshire, United States | 1949, 1954, 1958, 1961, 1962 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[cp][347][348] |
![]() | Walter Reppe | July 29, 1892 Eisenach, Germany | July 26, 1969 Heidelberg, Germany | 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1966 | [349] |
![]() | William Cumming Rose | April 4, 1887 Greenville, South Carolina, United States | September 25, 1985 Urbana, Illinois, United States | 1949, 1950, 1957, 1959, 1962, 1966 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[cq][350][351] |
![]() | Michael Heidelberger | April 29, 1888 New York City, United States | June 25, 1991 New York City, United States | 1949, 1953, 1962, 1968 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[cr][352][353] |
1950–1959
[edit]Picture | Name | Born | Died | Years nominated | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | |||||
![]() | Archer Martin | March 1, 1910 London, England | July 28, 2002 Llangarron, England | 1950, 1951, 1952 | [354] Shared the 1952 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[cs] and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too [355] |
![]() | Richard Laurence Millington Synge | October 28, 1914 Liverpool, England | August 18, 1994 Norwich, England | ||
![]() | Melvin Calvin | April 8, 1911 St. Paul, Minnesota, United States | January 8, 1997 Berkeley, California, United States | 1950, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961 | Won the 1961 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[ct] and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too.[356] |
![]() | Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin | May 12, 1910 Cairo, Egypt | July 29, 1994 Ilmington, England | 1950, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964 | Won the 1964 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[cu] and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[357] |
![]() | Robert S. Mulliken | June 7, 1896 Newburyport, Massachusetts, United States | October 31, 1986 Arlington, Virginia, United States | 1950, 1957, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966 | Won the 1966 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[cv][358] |
![]() | Paul Flory | June 19, 1910 Sterling, Illinois, United States | September 9, 1985 Big Sur, California, United States | 1950, 1952, 1956, 1957, 1964, 1965, 1968, 1969, 1970 | Won the 1974 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[cw][359] |
![]() | Selman Waksman | July 22, 1888 Nova Pryluka, Ukraine | August 16, 1973 Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States | 1950, 1951 | Won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.[360] |
![]() | Fritz Albert Lipmann | June 12, 1899 Königsberg, Germany | July 24, 1986 Poughkeepsie, New York, United States | 1950, 1952 | Won the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.[361] |
![]() | George Beadle | October 22, 1903 Wahoo, Nebraska, United States | June 9, 1989 Pomona, California, United States | 1950, 1954 | Shared the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Edw.Tatum[362] |
![]() | Thérèse Tréfouël | June 19, 1892 Paris, France | November 9, 1978 Paris, France | 1950 | [363] Nominated the only time jointly with J.Tréfouël [364] |
![]() | Gladwin Albert Hurst Buttle[365] | April 11, 1899 Godstone, England | May 3, 1983 Fulham, England | ||
![]() | Arthur Wahl | September 8, 1917 Des Moines, Iowa, United States | March 6, 2006 Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States | 1950 | .[366] Nominated jointly with Gl.Th.Seaborg and B.B.Cunningham the only time by Otto Hahn [367] [368] [369] [370] [371] [372] |
![]() | John Warren Hamaker | October 25, 1917 Montreal, Canada | June 13, 2000 Contra Costa County, California, United States | ||
![]() | Glenn E. Sheline [373] | 1918 Flint, Michigan, United States | March 24, 1989 San Mateo, California, United States | ||
![]() | Wendell Mitchell Latimer | April 22, 1893 Garnett, Kansas, United States | July 6, 1955 Berkeley, California, United States | ||
![]() | Louis Werner | June 17, 1921 Idaho, United States | May 20, 2007 San Francisco, United States | ||
![]() | Isadore Perlman | April 12, 1915 Milwaukee, United States | August 3, 1991 Los Alamitos, California, United States | ||
![]() | Paul Kirk | May 9, 1902 Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States | June 5, 1970 Alameda, California, United States | ||
![]() | Raphael Consden[374] | 1911 England | November, 1980 Taplow, England | 1950, 1951 | [375] Nominated jointly[376] with A.J.P.Martin only [377] |
![]() | Arthur Hugh Gordon | 1916 | 2003 Camden Town, England | ||
![]() | Kaj Ulrik Linderstrøm-Lang | November 29, 1896 Frederiksberg, Denmark | May 25, 1959 Copenhagen, Denmark | 1950, 1953, 1956, 1958 | [378] |
![]() | Edward Joseph Conway | July 3, 1894 Nenagh, Ireland | December 29, 1968 Dublin, Ireland | 1950, 1959 | Nominated by Thomas S. Wheeler (1899–1962) from University College Dublin only and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[cx][379][380] |
![]() | Hermann Irving Schlesinger | October 11, 1882 Milwaukee, United States | October 3, 1960 Chicago, United States | 1950, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961 | [381] |
![]() | Choh Hao Li | April 21, 1913 Guangzhou, China | November 28, 1987 California, United States | 1950, 1951, 1953, 1956, 1958, 1959, 1961, 1963, 1967 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[cy][382] First Chinese nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[383] |
![]() | Burris Bell Cunningham | February 16, 1912 Springer, New Mexico, United States | March 28, 1971 Berkeley, California, United States | 1950, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970 | [384] |
1951 | |||||
![]() | Willard Libby | December 17, 1908 Parachute, Colorado, United States | September 8, 1980 Los Angeles, United States | 1951, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960 | Won the 1960 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[cz] and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[385] |
![]() | Max Perutz | May 19, 1914 Vienna, Austria | February 6, 2002 Cambridge, England | 1951, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963 | Shared the 1962 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with J.Kendrew[da] and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[386] |
![]() | Yasuhiko Asahina | April 16, 1881 Tokyo, Japan | June 30, 1975 Tokyo, Japan | 1951, 1952 | [387] |
![]() | Axel Edvin Lindh | January 10, 1888 Lund, Sweden | August 14, 1960 Lund, Sweden | 1951, 1953 | Nominated by J.Stark only.[388] |
![]() | Ian Heilbron | November 6, 1886 Glasgow, Scotland | September 14, 1959 London, England | 1951, 1953 | [389] |
![]() | Rudolph Peters | April 13, 1889 Kensington, England | January 29, 1982 Cambridge, England | 1951, 1969 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[db][390][391] |
1952 | |||||
![]() | Frederick Sanger | August 13, 1918 Rendcomb, England | November 19, 2013 Cambridge, England | 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958 | Sanger twice won the 1958[dc] and 1980 (jointly with W.Gilbert[dd] and P.Berg) Nobel Prizes in Chemistry and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too.[392] |
![]() | Frits Zernike | July 16, 1888 Amsterdam, Netherlands | March 10, 1966 Amersfoort, Netherlands | 1952 | Won the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physics.[393] |
![]() | Claude Hudson | January 26, 1881 Atlanta, United States | December 27, 1952 Los Angeles, United States | 1952 | [394] |
![]() | Walther Kossel | January 4, 1888 Berlin, Germany | May 22, 1956 Tübingen, Germany | 1952 | Nominated the only time by M.von Laue and for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[395] |
![]() | Francis Simon | July 2, 1893 Berlin, Germany | October 31, 1956 Oxford, England | 1952, 1954 | Nominated by W.Jost only and for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[396] |
![]() | William Hume-Rothery | May 15, 1899 Worcester Park, England | September 27, 1968 Oxford, England | 1952, 1957 | Nominated by C.St.Smith only and for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[397] |
![]() | Marguerite Perey | October 19, 1909 Villemomble, France | May 13, 1975 Louveciennes, France | 1952, 1958, 1961, 1965, 1966 | [398] |
![]() | Lyman Craig | June 12, 1906 Palmyra Township, Warren County, Iowa, United States | July 7, 1974 Iowa, United States | 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1965, 1969 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too[de][399][400] |
![]() | Erich Müller (probably Erwin Wilhelm Müller) | June 13, 1911 ? Berlin, Germany ? | May 17, 1977 ? Washington, D.C., United States ? | 1952, 1967, 1969 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too.[401][402] |
![]() | Alexander Braunstein | May 26, 1902 Kharkiv, Ukraine | July 1, 1986 Moscow, Russia | 1952, 1967, 1969 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too. [403] |
![]() | Walter Hieber | December 18, 1895 Stuttgart, Germany | November 29, 1976 Munich, Germany | 1952, 1956, 1965, 1966, 1968, 1969 | [404] |
1953 | |||||
![]() | Emilio Segrè | January 30, 1905 Tivoli, Lazio, Italy | April 22, 1989 Lafayette, California, United States | 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958 | Shared the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physics with O.Chamberlain.[405] |
![]() | Øjvind Winge | May 19, 1886 Aarhus, Denmark | April 5, 1964 Copenhagen, Denmark | 1953 | Nominated the only time by R.Fisher.[406] |
Izaak Maurits Kolthoff | February 11, 1894 Almelo, Netherlands | March 4, 1993 St. Paul, Minnesota, United States | 1953, 1963, 1970 | [407] | |
1954 | |||||
![]() | Edward Tatum | December 14, 1909 Boulder, Colorado, United States | November 5, 1975 New York City, United States | 1954 | Shared the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with G.Beadle.[408] |
![]() | Karl Ziegler | November 26, 1898 Helsa, Germany | August 12, 1973 Mülheim, Germany | 1954, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963 | [409] Shared the 1963 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[df] [410] |
1955 | |||||
![]() | Giulio Natta | February 26, 1903 Imperia, Italy | May 2, 1979 Bergamo, Italy | 1955, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963 | |
![]() | George Porter | December 6, 1920 Stainforth, South Yorkshire, England | August 31, 2002 Canterbury, England | 1955, 1956, 1961, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967 | Shared the 1967 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with M.Eigen and R.G.Wr.Norrish[dg][411] |
![]() | Lars Onsager | November 27, 1903 Kristiania, Norway | October 6, 1976 Coral Gables, Florida, United States | 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1960, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968 | Won the 1968 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[dh] and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[412] |
![]() | Louis Fieser | April 7, 1899 Columbus, Ohio, United States | July 25, 1977 Belmont, Massachusetts, United States | 1955 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too. "Studies on vitamin K."[413][414] |
![]() | Josef Mattauch | November 21, 1895 Ostrava, Czechia | August 10, 1976 Klosterneuburg, Austria | 1955, 1959 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too[415] |
![]() | Félix Trombe | March 19, 1906 Nogent-sur-Marne, France | March 26, 1985 Ganties, France | 1955, 1961 | [416] |
![]() | Max Volmer | May 3, 1885 Hilden, Germany | June 3, 1965 Potsdam, Germany | 1955, 1956, 1959, 1960, 1964, 1965 | [417] |
![]() | Fritz Feigl | May 15, 1891 Vienna, Austria | January 23, 1971 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 1955, 1957, 1962, 1963, 1966, 1967 | [418] |
![]() | Martin Kamen | August 27, 1913 Toronto, Canada | August 31, 2002 Montecito, California, United States | 1955, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1968, 1969, 1970 | [419] |
![]() | John Clarke Slater | December 22, 1900 Oak Park, Illinois, United States | July 25, 1976 Sanibel Island, Florida, United States | 1955, 1965, 1966, 1968, 1969, 1970 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[420] |
1956 | |||||
![]() | Severo Ochoa de Albornoz | September 24, 1905 Luarca, Spain | November 1, 1993 Madrid, Spain | 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959 | Shared the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with A.Kornberg.[421] |
Georges Lemaître | July 17, 1894 Charleroi, Belgium | June 20, 1966 Leuven, Belgium | 1956 | Nominated the only time by Don Merlin Lee Yost (1893–1977) from the California Institute of Technology and for the Nobel Prize in Physics too. Lemaître is the only priest nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. [422] | |
![]() | Ernest Gale | July 15, 1914 Luton, England | March 7, 2005 Cambridge, England | 1956 | [423] Nominated jointly the only time by J.H.Northrop [424] |
![]() | Joan P. Folkes | 1927 Staffordshire, England | |||
![]() | Boris Arbuzov | November 4, 1903 Pulawy, Poland | November 6, 1991 Kazan, Russia | 1956 | Nominated jointly with Al.Arbuzov the only time by M.M.Dubinin.[425] |
![]() | Aleksandr Arbuzov | October 12, 1877 Kazan, Russia | January 22, 1968 Kazan, Russia | 1956, 1957, 1961, 1962, 1967, 1968 | [426] |
![]() | Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat | July 29, 1910 Wrocław, Poland | April 10, 1999 Oakland, California, United States | 1956, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963 | [427] |
![]() | Jannik Bjerrum | April 5, 1909 Copenhagen, Denmark | August 29, 1992 Copenhagen, Denmark | 1956, 1958, 1960, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1967 | [428] |
![]() | Friedrich Emil Brauns | 1890 | 1982 | 1956 | Nominated jointly with K.Freudenberg and Er.Hägglund the only time by Joseph Risi (1899–1993) from Université Laval.[429] |
![]() | Karl Freudenberg | January 29, 1886 Weinheim, Germany | April 3, 1983 Weinheim, Germany | 1956, 1957, 1958, 1960, 1961, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970 | [430] |
1957 | |||||
![]() | Oswald Avery | October 21, 1877 Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada | February 20, 1955 Nashville, Tennessee, United States | 1957 | Nominated posthumously and for Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine too. "The role of DNA at pneumococcal type II to type III transition."[431][432] |
![]() | Colin Munro MacLeod | January 28, 1909 Port Hastings, Canada | February 11, 1972 London, England | 1957 | [433] Nominated jointly with Osw.Avery the only time by J.H.Northrop [434] |
![]() | Maclyn McCarty | June 9, 1911 South Bend, Indiana, United States | January 2, 2005 New York City, United States | ||
![]() | Marietta Blau | April 29, 1894 Vienna, Austria | January 27, 1970 Vienna, Austria | 1957 | Nominated the only time by Erw.Schrödinger and for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[435] |
![]() | Paul Henri Charpentier | November 11, 1866 Nancy, France | July 20, 1950 Aix-en-Provence, France | 1957 | Nominated posthumously the only time by G.Hugel from École nationale supérieure du pétrole et des combustibles liquides.[436] |
![]() | Charles DuBois Coryell | February 21, 1912 Los Angeles, United States | January 7, 1971 Lexington, Massachusetts, United States | 1957 | Nominated the only time by M.Perey.[437] |
![]() | Maurice-Marie Janot | November 3, 1903 Plombières-les-Bains, France | December 10, 1978 Paris, France | 1957 | Nominated the only time by G.Cauquil.[438] |
![]() | Aleksandr Volodymyrovych Palladin | September 10, 1885 Moscow, Russia | December 6, 1972 Kiev, Ukraine | 1957 | Nominated the only time by Al.Oparin.[439] |
![]() | Georg Stadnikov | January 17, 1880 Vyazovok, Ukraine | February 18, 1973 Russia | 1957 | Nominated the only time by W.Świętosławski.[440] |
![]() | Eric Rideal | April 11, 1890 London, England | September 25, 1974 London, England | 1957 | Nominated the only time by R.Barrer.[441] |
![]() | Bernard Leonard Horecker | October 31, 1914 Chicago, United States | October 10, 2010 Cypress Cove Lodge, United States | 1957, 1961 | [442] |
![]() | Friedrich Hund | February 4, 1896 Karlsruhe, Germany | March 31, 1997 Karlsruhe, Germany | 1957, 1969 | Nominated jointly with Er.Hückel only and for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[443] |
![]() | Erich Hückel | August 9, 1896 Berlin, Germany | February 16, 1980 Marburg, Germany | 1957, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[444] |
![]() | Carl Wagner | May 25, 1901 Leipzig, Germany | December 10, 1977 Göttingen, Germany | 1957, 1958, 1959, 1963, 1964, 1966, 1968, 1969, 1970 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too.[445][446][447 |