Mana, French Guiana

Mana
Commune
The church of Saint-Joseph of Mana
The church of Saint-Joseph of Mana
Location of the commune (in red) within French Guiana
Location of the commune (in red) within French Guiana
Location of Mana
Map
Coordinates: 5°40′11″N 53°46′41″W / 5.6697°N 53.778°W / 5.6697; -53.778
CountryFrance
Overseas region and departmentFrench Guiana
ArrondissementSaint-Laurent-du-Maroni
IntercommunalityOuest Guyanais
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Albéric Benth[1]
Area
1
6,333 km2 (2,445 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[2]
11,764
 • Density1.9/km2 (4.8/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC−03:00
INSEE/Postal code
97306 /97360
Elevation5 m (16 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Mana (French pronunciation: [mana]; French Guianese Creole: Mannan) is a commune and town in French Guiana. It was founded on 16 August 1828 by Sister Anne-Marie Javouhey.[3] It borders the river Mana, from where it gets its name; and is nearby the river Maroni. Mana is the primary producer of rice in French Guiana, which it exports to Suriname.[4]

On 31 December 1988, about 3% of the territory of Mana was detached and became the commune of Awala-Yalimapo.[5] Awala-Yalimapo is inhabited by Galibi Amerindians.[6]

History

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The first settlement of people from Jura failed in alcoholism and disease. In 1828, the Ministry of the Navy and Colonies sent Sister Anne-Marie Javouhey to colonize the area.[3] Javouhey set out to build a viable community based on agriculture and invited black traders to settle,[7] which was not the white colony as the Ministry envisioned. When 20 escaped slaves settled in the area, she bought them from their owners.[3]

In 1833, Governor Jean Jubelin [fr] visited Mana, and appreciated the efforts and progress. Jubelin arranged for orphans to be sent to Mana and the establishment of a leper colony in Acarouany. In 1838, the colony faced a manpower shortage. Javouhey suggested to educate and train 3,000 children of the slaves. The government refused to subsidize the plan, and Javouhey left in 1843.[3]

On 15 October 1950, Sister Anne-Marie Javouhey was beatified by Pope Pius XII.[8]

In 1978, Javouhey was founded as the second Hmong resettlement village in French Guiana. The village is on a former agricultural colony founded by Anne-Marie Javouhey.[9]

Population

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Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1967 875—    
1974 1,063+2.82%
1982 1,429+3.77%
1990 4,945+16.79%
1999 5,445+1.08%
2007 8,256+5.34%
2012 9,334+2.48%
2017 10,894+3.14%
Source: INSEE[10]

Nature

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In 1996, La Trinité National Nature Reserve was founded. It covers 76,903 hectares and is primary tropical rain forest located in the heart of the Guyana plateau forest.[11]

The Amana Nature Reserve has been established in 1998 to protect the leatherback turtle. The reserve covers 14,800 hectares.[12]

Economy

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The economy of the area is based on agriculture,[4] and gold mining.[13] Mines in the commune include Coulor,[14] and Délices.[15]

Villages

[edit]

Notable people

[edit]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022. Archived from the original on 28 June 2020. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  2. ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  3. ^ a b c d "Guide Mana". Petit Futé (in French). Archived from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  4. ^ a b "La filière rizicole de Guyane : évolution et perspectives" (PDF). Institut d'Emission des Départements d'Outre-Mer (in French). 2007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  5. ^ "Guyane, Historie". Petit Futé (in French). Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  6. ^ "Guide Awala-Yalimapo". Petit Futé (in French). Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  7. ^ "Mana, précurseurse depuis toujours". Le Jour du Seigneur (in French). Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  8. ^ ""Anne-Marie Javouhey"". Pontifical Missionaries Societies (in French). Archived from the original on 3 June 2023. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  9. ^ "Des Hmongs en Guyane". ANAI Asso.org (National Association of Elders and Friends of Indochina) (in French). Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  10. ^ Population en historique depuis 1968 Archived 2022-07-25 at the Wayback Machine, INSEE
  11. ^ "Historique Réserve Naturelle La Trinité" (in French). Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  12. ^ "L'Amana Réserve naturelle nationale". L'Inventaire National du Patrimoine Naturel (in French). Archived from the original on 19 April 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2021.
  13. ^ Farand, Chloé (27 April 2018). "Paris to decide fate of 'mega' gold mine in forests of French Guiana". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 26 June 2022. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  14. ^ "Permis Exclusif de Recherches dit "Permis Coulor" dans le département de Guyane Compagnie Minière Espérance" (PDF). economie.gouv.fr (in French). 27 June 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 January 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  15. ^ "Auplata annonce la signature d'un protocole pour l'acquisition de la mine de Délices en Guyane Française" (PDF). Auplata Mining Group (in French). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 November 2020. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
  16. ^ "Mme Chantal Berthelot". Assemblée nationale (in French). Archived from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 19 February 2021.
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