PCAF

KAT2B
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1CM0, 1JM4, 1N72, 1WUG, 1WUM, 1ZS5, 2RNW, 2RNX, 3GG3, 4NSQ, 5FE2, 5FE4, 5FDZ, 5FE8, 5FE5, 5FE1, 5FE7, 5FE9, 5FE3, 5FE0, 5FE6
Identifiers
Aliases	KAT2B, CAF, P/CAF, PCAF, lysine acetyltransferase 2B
External IDs	OMIM: 602303; MGI: 1343094; HomoloGene: 20834; GeneCards: KAT2B; OMA:KAT2B - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (human)
End	20,154,404 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 17 (mouse)
End	53,979,748 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	external globus pallidus; ; trabecular bone; ; buccal mucosa cell; ; corpus callosum; ; Achilles tendon; ; subthalamic nucleus; ; pars reticulata; ; amniotic fluid; ; Skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis; ; pars compacta;
	Top expressed in
	retinal pigment epithelium; ; nasal epithelium; ; olfactory epithelium; ; Epithelium of choroid plexus; ; iris; ; seminal vesicula; ; vestibular membrane of cochlear duct; ; gastrula; ; extensor digitorum longus muscle; ; ankle;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	transferase activity; RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; transcription coregulator activity; protein binding; acyltransferase activity; histone acetyltransferase activity; cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase inhibitor activity; protein kinase binding; chromatin binding; lysine N-acetyltransferase activity, acting on acetyl phosphate as donor; transcription coactivator activity; transcription factor binding; histone deacetylase binding; acetyltransferase activity; protein-containing complex binding; peptide-lysine-N-acetyltransferase activity; diamine N-acetyltransferase activity;
Cellular component	I band; nucleoplasm; histone acetyltransferase complex; A band; actomyosin; kinetochore; nucleus; cytoplasm; centrosome; microtubule organizing center; cytoskeleton; protein-containing complex;
Biological process	Notch signaling pathway; regulation of protein ADP-ribosylation; epigenetic maintenance of chromatin in transcription-competent conformation; chromatin remodeling; regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; negative regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity; rhythmic process; N-terminal peptidyl-lysine acetylation; transcription, DNA-templated; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; histone acetylation; histone H3 acetylation; cellular response to insulin stimulus; histone H3-K9 acetylation; cell cycle; transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter; viral process; peptidyl-lysine acetylation; negative regulation of cell population proliferation; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; internal peptidyl-lysine acetylation; regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation; protein acetylation; positive regulation of transcription of Notch receptor target; heart development; positive regulation of Notch signaling pathway; negative regulation of centriole replication; limb development; protein deubiquitination;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	8850
	18519
	ENSG00000114166
	ENSMUSG00000000708
	Q92831
	Q9JHD1
	NM_003884
	NM_001190846; NM_020005
	NP_003875
	NP_001177775; NP_064389
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

P300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF), also known as K(lysine) acetyltransferase 2B (KAT2B), is a human gene and transcriptional coactivator associated with p53.

Structure

Several domains of PCAF can act independently or in unison to enable its functions. PCAF has separate acetyltransferase and E3 ubiquitin ligase domains as well as a bromodomain for interaction with other proteins. PCAF also possesses sites for its own acetylation and ubiquitination.^[5]

Function

CBP and p300 are large nuclear proteins that bind to many sequence-specific factors involved in cell growth and/or differentiation, including c-jun and the adenoviral oncoprotein E1A. The protein encoded by the PCAF gene associates with p300/CBP. It has in vitro and in vivo binding activity with CBP and p300, and competes with E1A for binding sites in p300/CBP. It has histone acetyl transferase activity with core histones and nucleosome core particles, indicating that this protein plays a direct role in transcriptional regulation.^[6]

Regulation

The acetyltransferase activity and cellular location of PCAF are regulated through acetylation of PCAF itself. PCAF may be autoacetylated (acetylated by itself) or by p300. Acetylation leads to migration to the nucleus and enhances its acetyltransferase activity.^[7] PCAF interacts with and is deacetylated by HDAC3, leading to a reduction in PCAF acetyltransferase activity and cytoplasmic localisation.^[8]

Protein interactions

PCAF forms complexes with numerous proteins that guide its activity. For example PCAF is recruited by ATF^[9] to acetylate histones and promote transcription of ATF4 target genes.

Targets

There are various protein targets of PCAF's acetyltransferase activity including transcription factors such as Fli1,^[10] p53^[11] and numerous histone residues. Hdm2, itself a ubiquitin ligase that targets p53, has also been demonstrated to be a target of the ubiquitin-ligase activity of PCAF.^[5]

Interactions

PCAF has been shown to interact with:

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000114166 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000000708 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ ^a ^b Linares LK, Kiernan R, Triboulet R, Chable-Bessia C, Latreille D, Cuvier O, Lacroix M, Le Cam L, Coux O, Benkirane M (March 2007). "Intrinsic ubiquitination activity of PCAF controls the stability of the oncoprotein Hdm2". Nat. Cell Biol. 9 (3): 331–8. doi:10.1038/ncb1545. PMID 17293853. S2CID 205286563.
^ "Entrez Gene: PCAF p300/CBP-associated factor".
^ Santos-Rosa H, Valls E, Kouzarides T, Martínez-Balbás M (August 2003). "Mechanisms of P/CAF auto-acetylation". Nucleic Acids Res. 31 (15): 4285–92. doi:10.1093/nar/gkg655. PMC 169960. PMID 12888487.
^ Grégoire S, Xiao L, Nie J, Zhang X, Xu M, Li J, Wong J, Seto E, Yang XJ (February 2007). "Histone deacetylase 3 interacts with and deacetylates myocyte enhancer factor 2". Mol. Cell. Biol. 27 (4): 1280–95. doi:10.1128/MCB.00882-06. PMC 1800729. PMID 17158926.
^ Chérasse Y, Maurin AC, Chaveroux C, Jousse C, Carraro V, Parry L, Deval C, Chambon C, Fafournoux P, Bruhat A (2007). "The p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) is a cofactor of ATF4 for amino acid-regulated transcription of CHOP". Nucleic Acids Res. 35 (17): 5954–65. doi:10.1093/nar/gkm642. PMC 2034469. PMID 17726049.
^ Asano Y, Czuwara J, Trojanowska M (November 2007). "Transforming growth factor-beta regulates DNA binding activity of transcription factor Fli1 by p300/CREB-binding protein-associated factor-dependent acetylation". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (48): 34672–83. doi:10.1074/jbc.M703907200. PMID 17884818.
^ Liu L, Scolnick DM, Trievel RC, Zhang HB, Marmorstein R, Halazonetis TD, Berger SL (February 1999). "p53 sites acetylated in vitro by PCAF and p300 are acetylated in vivo in response to DNA damage". Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 (2): 1202–9. doi:10.1128/MCB.19.2.1202. PMC 116049. PMID 9891054.
^ Lin HR, Ting NS, Qin J, Lee WH (Sep 2003). "M phase-specific phosphorylation of BRCA2 by Polo-like kinase 1 correlates with the dissociation of the BRCA2-P/CAF complex". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (38): 35979–87. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210659200. PMID 12815053.
^ Fuks F, Milner J, Kouzarides T (Nov 1998). "BRCA2 associates with acetyltransferase activity when bound to P/CAF". Oncogene. 17 (19): 2531–4. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202475. PMID 9824164. S2CID 9999991.
^ Ge X, Jin Q, Zhang F, Yan T, Zhai Q (Jan 2009). "PCAF acetylates {beta}-catenin and improves its stability". Mol. Biol. Cell. 20 (1): 419–27. doi:10.1091/mbc.E08-08-0792. PMC 2613091. PMID 18987336.
^ Tini M, Benecke A, Um SJ, Torchia J, Evans RM, Chambon P (Feb 2002). "Association of CBP/p300 acetylase and thymine DNA glycosylase links DNA repair and transcription". Mol. Cell. 9 (2): 265–77. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(02)00453-7. PMID 11864601.
^ ^a ^b Cho H, Orphanides G, Sun X, Yang XJ, Ogryzko V, Lees E, Nakatani Y, Reinberg D (Sep 1998). "A human RNA polymerase II complex containing factors that modify chromatin structure". Mol. Cell. Biol. 18 (9): 5355–63. doi:10.1128/MCB.18.9.5355. PMC 109120. PMID 9710619.
^ Chakraborty S, Senyuk V, Sitailo S, Chi Y, Nucifora G (Nov 2001). "Interaction of EVI1 with cAMP-responsive element-binding protein-binding protein (CBP) and p300/CBP-associated factor (P/CAF) results in reversible acetylation of EVI1 and in co-localization in nuclear speckles". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (48): 44936–43. doi:10.1074/jbc.M106733200. PMID 11568182.
^ Soutoglou E, Papafotiou G, Katrakili N, Talianidis I (Apr 2000). "Transcriptional activation by hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 requires synergism between multiple coactivator proteins". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (17): 12515–20. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.17.12515. PMID 10777539.
^ ^a ^b Masumi A, Wang IM, Lefebvre B, Yang XJ, Nakatani Y, Ozato K (Mar 1999). "The histone acetylase PCAF is a phorbol-ester-inducible coactivator of the IRF family that confers enhanced interferon responsiveness". Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 (3): 1810–20. doi:10.1128/MCB.19.3.1810. PMC 83974. PMID 10022868.
^ Masumi A, Ozato K (Jun 2001). "Coactivator p300 acetylates the interferon regulatory factor-2 in U937 cells following phorbol ester treatment". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (24): 20973–80. doi:10.1074/jbc.M101707200. PMID 11304541.
^ Song CZ, Keller K, Murata K, Asano H, Stamatoyannopoulos G (Mar 2002). "Functional interaction between coactivators CBP/p300, PCAF, and transcription factor FKLF2". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (9): 7029–36. doi:10.1074/jbc.M108826200. PMC 2808425. PMID 11748222.
^ Jin Y, Zeng SX, Dai MS, Yang XJ, Lu H (Aug 2002). "MDM2 inhibits PCAF (p300/CREB-binding protein-associated factor)-mediated p53 acetylation". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (34): 30838–43. doi:10.1074/jbc.M204078200. PMID 12068014.
^ ^a ^b Liu X, Tesfai J, Evrard YA, Dent SY, Martinez E (May 2003). "c-Myc transformation domain recruits the human STAGA complex and requires TRRAP and GCN5 acetylase activity for transcription activation". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (22): 20405–12. doi:10.1074/jbc.M211795200. PMC 4031917. PMID 12660246.
^ Spencer TE, Jenster G, Burcin MM, Allis CD, Zhou J, Mizzen CA, McKenna NJ, Onate SA, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ, O'Malley BW (Sep 1997). "Steroid receptor coactivator-1 is a histone acetyltransferase". Nature. 389 (6647): 194–8. Bibcode:1997Natur.389..194S. doi:10.1038/38304. PMID 9296499. S2CID 4404530.
^ Kurooka H, Honjo T (Jun 2000). "Functional interaction between the mouse notch1 intracellular region and histone acetyltransferases PCAF and GCN5". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (22): 17211–20. doi:10.1074/jbc.M000909200. PMID 10747963.
^ Bradney C, Hjelmeland M, Komatsu Y, Yoshida M, Yao TP, Zhuang Y (Jan 2003). "Regulation of E2A activities by histone acetyltransferases in B lymphocyte development". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (4): 2370–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M211464200. PMID 12435739.
^ Fuchs M, Gerber J, Drapkin R, Sif S, Ikura T, Ogryzko V, Lane WS, Nakatani Y, Livingston DM (Aug 2001). "The p400 complex is an essential E1A transformation target". Cell. 106 (3): 297–307. doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00450-0. PMID 11509179. S2CID 15634637.
^ Hamamori Y, Sartorelli V, Ogryzko V, Puri PL, Wu HY, Wang JY, Nakatani Y, Kedes L (Feb 1999). "Regulation of histone acetyltransferases p300 and PCAF by the bHLH protein twist and adenoviral oncoprotein E1A". Cell. 96 (3): 405–13. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80553-X. PMID 10025406. S2CID 15808193.

External links

PCAF protein, human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
NURSA C105

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Spencer TE, Jenster G, Burcin MM, Allis CD, Zhou J, Mizzen CA, McKenna NJ, Onate SA, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ, O'Malley BW (1997). "Steroid receptor coactivator-1 is a histone acetyltransferase". Nature. 389 (6647): 194–8. Bibcode:1997Natur.389..194S. doi:10.1038/38304. PMID 9296499. S2CID 4404530.
Takeshita A, Cardona GR, Koibuchi N, Suen CS, Chin WW (1997). "TRAM-1, A novel 160-kDa thyroid hormone receptor activator molecule, exhibits distinct properties from steroid receptor coactivator-1". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (44): 27629–34. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.44.27629. PMID 9346901.
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Puri PL, Sartorelli V, Yang XJ, Hamamori Y, Ogryzko VV, Howard BH, Kedes L, Wang JY, Graessmann A, Nakatani Y, Levrero M (1998). "Differential roles of p300 and PCAF acetyltransferases in muscle differentiation". Mol. Cell. 1 (1): 35–45. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80005-2. PMID 9659901.
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This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000114166 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000000708 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid17293853-5] Linares LK, Kiernan R, Triboulet R, Chable-Bessia C, Latreille D, Cuvier O, Lacroix M, Le Cam L, Coux O, Benkirane M (March 2007). "Intrinsic ubiquitination activity of PCAF controls the stability of the oncoprotein Hdm2". Nat. Cell Biol. 9 (3): 331–8. doi:10.1038/ncb1545. PMID 17293853. S2CID 205286563.

[6] "Entrez Gene: PCAF p300/CBP-associated factor".

[pmid12888487-7] Santos-Rosa H, Valls E, Kouzarides T, Martínez-Balbás M (August 2003). "Mechanisms of P/CAF auto-acetylation". Nucleic Acids Res. 31 (15): 4285–92. doi:10.1093/nar/gkg655. PMC 169960. PMID 12888487.

[pmid17158926-8] Grégoire S, Xiao L, Nie J, Zhang X, Xu M, Li J, Wong J, Seto E, Yang XJ (February 2007). "Histone deacetylase 3 interacts with and deacetylates myocyte enhancer factor 2". Mol. Cell. Biol. 27 (4): 1280–95. doi:10.1128/MCB.00882-06. PMC 1800729. PMID 17158926.

[pmid17726049-9] Chérasse Y, Maurin AC, Chaveroux C, Jousse C, Carraro V, Parry L, Deval C, Chambon C, Fafournoux P, Bruhat A (2007). "The p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) is a cofactor of ATF4 for amino acid-regulated transcription of CHOP". Nucleic Acids Res. 35 (17): 5954–65. doi:10.1093/nar/gkm642. PMC 2034469. PMID 17726049.

[pmid17884818-10] Asano Y, Czuwara J, Trojanowska M (November 2007). "Transforming growth factor-beta regulates DNA binding activity of transcription factor Fli1 by p300/CREB-binding protein-associated factor-dependent acetylation". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (48): 34672–83. doi:10.1074/jbc.M703907200. PMID 17884818.

[pmid9891054-11] Liu L, Scolnick DM, Trievel RC, Zhang HB, Marmorstein R, Halazonetis TD, Berger SL (February 1999). "p53 sites acetylated in vitro by PCAF and p300 are acetylated in vivo in response to DNA damage". Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 (2): 1202–9. doi:10.1128/MCB.19.2.1202. PMC 116049. PMID 9891054.

[pmid12815053-12] Lin HR, Ting NS, Qin J, Lee WH (Sep 2003). "M phase-specific phosphorylation of BRCA2 by Polo-like kinase 1 correlates with the dissociation of the BRCA2-P/CAF complex". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (38): 35979–87. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210659200. PMID 12815053.

[pmid9824164-13] Fuks F, Milner J, Kouzarides T (Nov 1998). "BRCA2 associates with acetyltransferase activity when bound to P/CAF". Oncogene. 17 (19): 2531–4. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202475. PMID 9824164. S2CID 9999991.

[pmid18987336-14] Ge X, Jin Q, Zhang F, Yan T, Zhai Q (Jan 2009). "PCAF acetylates {beta}-catenin and improves its stability". Mol. Biol. Cell. 20 (1): 419–27. doi:10.1091/mbc.E08-08-0792. PMC 2613091. PMID 18987336.

[pmid11864601-15] Tini M, Benecke A, Um SJ, Torchia J, Evans RM, Chambon P (Feb 2002). "Association of CBP/p300 acetylase and thymine DNA glycosylase links DNA repair and transcription". Mol. Cell. 9 (2): 265–77. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(02)00453-7. PMID 11864601.

[pmid9710619-16] Cho H, Orphanides G, Sun X, Yang XJ, Ogryzko V, Lees E, Nakatani Y, Reinberg D (Sep 1998). "A human RNA polymerase II complex containing factors that modify chromatin structure". Mol. Cell. Biol. 18 (9): 5355–63. doi:10.1128/MCB.18.9.5355. PMC 109120. PMID 9710619.

[pmid11568182-17] Chakraborty S, Senyuk V, Sitailo S, Chi Y, Nucifora G (Nov 2001). "Interaction of EVI1 with cAMP-responsive element-binding protein-binding protein (CBP) and p300/CBP-associated factor (P/CAF) results in reversible acetylation of EVI1 and in co-localization in nuclear speckles". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (48): 44936–43. doi:10.1074/jbc.M106733200. PMID 11568182.

[pmid10777539-18] Soutoglou E, Papafotiou G, Katrakili N, Talianidis I (Apr 2000). "Transcriptional activation by hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 requires synergism between multiple coactivator proteins". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (17): 12515–20. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.17.12515. PMID 10777539.

[pmid10022868-19] Masumi A, Wang IM, Lefebvre B, Yang XJ, Nakatani Y, Ozato K (Mar 1999). "The histone acetylase PCAF is a phorbol-ester-inducible coactivator of the IRF family that confers enhanced interferon responsiveness". Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 (3): 1810–20. doi:10.1128/MCB.19.3.1810. PMC 83974. PMID 10022868.

[pmid11304541-20] Masumi A, Ozato K (Jun 2001). "Coactivator p300 acetylates the interferon regulatory factor-2 in U937 cells following phorbol ester treatment". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (24): 20973–80. doi:10.1074/jbc.M101707200. PMID 11304541.

[pmid11748222-21] Song CZ, Keller K, Murata K, Asano H, Stamatoyannopoulos G (Mar 2002). "Functional interaction between coactivators CBP/p300, PCAF, and transcription factor FKLF2". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (9): 7029–36. doi:10.1074/jbc.M108826200. PMC 2808425. PMID 11748222.

[pmid12068014-22] Jin Y, Zeng SX, Dai MS, Yang XJ, Lu H (Aug 2002). "MDM2 inhibits PCAF (p300/CREB-binding protein-associated factor)-mediated p53 acetylation". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (34): 30838–43. doi:10.1074/jbc.M204078200. PMID 12068014.

[pmid12660246-23] Liu X, Tesfai J, Evrard YA, Dent SY, Martinez E (May 2003). "c-Myc transformation domain recruits the human STAGA complex and requires TRRAP and GCN5 acetylase activity for transcription activation". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (22): 20405–12. doi:10.1074/jbc.M211795200. PMC 4031917. PMID 12660246.

[pmid9296499-24] Spencer TE, Jenster G, Burcin MM, Allis CD, Zhou J, Mizzen CA, McKenna NJ, Onate SA, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ, O'Malley BW (Sep 1997). "Steroid receptor coactivator-1 is a histone acetyltransferase". Nature. 389 (6647): 194–8. Bibcode:1997Natur.389..194S. doi:10.1038/38304. PMID 9296499. S2CID 4404530.

[pmid10747963-25] Kurooka H, Honjo T (Jun 2000). "Functional interaction between the mouse notch1 intracellular region and histone acetyltransferases PCAF and GCN5". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (22): 17211–20. doi:10.1074/jbc.M000909200. PMID 10747963.

[pmid12435739-26] Bradney C, Hjelmeland M, Komatsu Y, Yoshida M, Yao TP, Zhuang Y (Jan 2003). "Regulation of E2A activities by histone acetyltransferases in B lymphocyte development". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (4): 2370–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M211464200. PMID 12435739.

[pmid11509179-27] Fuchs M, Gerber J, Drapkin R, Sif S, Ikura T, Ogryzko V, Lane WS, Nakatani Y, Livingston DM (Aug 2001). "The p400 complex is an essential E1A transformation target". Cell. 106 (3): 297–307. doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00450-0. PMID 11509179. S2CID 15634637.

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v t e Transcription coregulators
Coactivators	ARA (54, 55, 70) BCAS3 CARM1 p300-CBP (EP300, CREBBP) CRTC (1, 2, 3) DRIP/TRAP (MED1 Drip205/Trap220) MN1 PCAF PNRC (1, 2) PPARGC (1A, 1B) TGFB1I1 NCOA1 (SRC-1) NCOA2 (GRIP1/SRC-2/TIF2) NCOA3 (AIB/SRC-3/TRAM-1) NCOA4 (ARA70) NCOA5 (CIA) NCOA6 (RAP250) NCOA7 (ERAP140)
Corepressors	CTBP (1, 2) Hairless homolog LCOR NRIP1 (RIP140) PELP-1 RCOR1 Rb SIN3A SIN3B Tripartite motif family TRIM (24, 28, 33) NCOR1 NCOR2 (SMRT)
ATP-dependent remodeling factors	Chromatin Structure Remodeling (RSC) Complex SWI/SNF