French
DeutschPrunus maackii
| Prunus maackii | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Rosales |
| Family: | Rosaceae |
| Genus: | Prunus |
| Subgenus: | Prunus subg. Cerasus |
| Species: | P. maackii |
| Binomial name | |
| Prunus maackii | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Prunus maackii, commonly called the Manchurian cherry or Amur chokecherry, is a species of cherry native to Korea and both banks of the Amur River, in Manchuria in northeastern China, and Amur Oblast and Primorye in southeastern Russia.[1][2] It used to be considered a species of Prunus subg. Padus, but both morphological and molecular studies indicate it belongs to Prunus subg. Cerasus.[3][4]
It is a deciduous tree growing to 4–10 m tall. The bark on young trees is very distinct, smooth, glossy bronze-yellow, but becoming fissured and dull dark grey-brown with age. The leaves are alternate, ovate, 4–8 cm long and 2.8–5 cm broad, with a pubescent 1–1.5 cm petiole, and an entire or very finely serrated margin; they are dark green above, slightly paler and pubescent on the veins below. The flowers produced on erect spikes 5–7 cm long, each flower 8–10 mm diameter, with five white petals. The fruit is a small cherry-like drupe 5–7 mm diameter, green at first, turning first red then dark purple or black at maturity. Flowering is in mid spring, with the fruit ripe in early summer to early autumn.[1][5]
It was named after Richard Karlovich Maack (1825-1886) who discovered it, and described by Ruprecht in Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 15: 361 (1857).[2][6]
Cultivation and uses
[edit]It is grown as an ornamental tree in northern Europe and North America, mainly for its decorative bark. It prefers sunshine and moist (but drained) soil, and is tolerant of severe winter cold, but not heat. The fruit has been used in the manufacture of juice, jelly and jam.[5][6][7] Specimens in cultivation have been measured to 17 m tall and 90 cm trunk diameter.[8][9]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Flora of China: Padus maackii
- ^ a b "Prunus maackii". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
- ^ 李朝銮; 蒋舜媛 (1998-07-10). "杏属和樱属植物新组合". 植物分类学报 (in Chinese). 36 (4): 367–372. ISSN 1674-4918.
- ^ Shi, Shuo; Li, Jinlu; Sun, Jiahui; Yu, Jing; Zhou, Shiliang (2013). "Phylogeny and classification of Prunus sensu lato (Rosaceae)". Journal of Integrative Plant Biology. 55 (11): 1069–1079. doi:10.1111/jipb.12095. ISSN 1744-7909. PMID 23945216.
- ^ a b Mitchell, A. F. (1974). Field Guide to the Trees of Britain and Northern Europe. Collins ISBN 0-00-212035-6.
- ^ a b Anon (1986). Notes and Quotes on the History and Origins of the Amur Chokecherry (Prunus maackii). Arnoldia 46 (2): 13–24. Available online (pdf file).
- ^ USDA Plants Profile: Prunus maackii
- ^ Tree Register of the British Isles.
- ^ "Amur Cherry, Prunus maackii".
Data related to Prunus maackii at Wikispecies
Media related to Prunus maackii at Wikimedia Commons
