Shot put

Athletics Shot put
Polish double Olympic champion Tomasz Majewski
World records
Men	Ryan Crouser 23.56 m (77 ft 3+1⁄2 in) (2023)
Women	Natalya Lisovskaya 22.63 m (74 ft 2+3⁄4 in) (1987)
Olympic records
Men	Ryan Crouser 23.30 m (76 ft 5+1⁄4 in) (2021)
Women	Ilona Slupianek 22.41 m (73 ft 6+1⁄4 in) (1980)
World Championship records
Men	Ryan Crouser 23.51 m (77 ft 1+1⁄2 in) (2023)
Women	Natalya Lisovskaya 21.24 m (69 ft 8 in) (1987) Valerie Adams 21.24 m (69 ft 8 in) (2011)
World Indoor Championship records
Men	Ryan Crouser 22.77 m (74 ft 8+1⁄4 in) (2024)
Women	Valerie Adams 20.67 m (67 ft 9+3⁄4 in) (2014)

The shot put is a track and field event involving "putting" (throwing) a heavy spherical ball—the shot—as far as possible. For men, the sport has been a part of the modern Olympics since their revival (1896), and women's competition began in 1948.

Homer mentions competitions of rock throwing by soldiers during the siege of Troy but there is no record of any weights being thrown in Greek competitions. The first evidence for stone- or weight-throwing events were in the Scottish Highlands, and date back to approximately the first century.^[1] In the 16th century King Henry VIII was noted for his prowess in court competitions of weight and hammer throwing.^[2]

The first events resembling the modern shot put likely occurred in the Middle Ages when soldiers held competitions in which they hurled cannonballs. Shot put competitions were first recorded in early 19th century Scotland, and were a part of the British Amateur Championships beginning in 1866.^[3]

Competitors take their throw from inside a marked circle 2.135 metres (7 ft 0 in) in diameter, with a "toe board" or "stop board" 10 centimetres (4 in) high at the front of the circle. The distance thrown is measured from the inside of the circumference of the circle to the nearest mark made on the ground by the falling shot, with distances rounded down to the nearest centimetre under IAAF and WMA rules.

The following rules (indoor and outdoor) must be adhered to for a legal throw:

• Upon calling the athlete's name, the athlete may choose any part of the throwing circle to enter inside. They have one minute to commence the throwing motion; otherwise it counts as a forfeit for the current round.
• The athlete may not wear gloves; IAAF rules permit the taping of individual fingers.
• The athlete must rest the shot close to the neck, and keep it tight to the neck throughout the motion.
• The shot must be released above the height of the shoulder, using only one hand.
• The athlete may touch the inside surface of the circle or toe board, but must not touch the top or outside of the circle or toe board, or the ground beyond the circle. Limbs may, however, extend over the lines of the circle in the air.
• The shot must land in the throwing sector, which is a circular sector of 34.92° centered on the throwing circle. The throwing sector has been narrowed multiple times over the years to improve safety, most recently in 2004 from 40°. The current throwing sector angle (34.92°) was chosen because it provides a sector whose bounds are easy to measure and lay out on a field (10 metres out from the center of the ring, 6 metres across).^[4]
• The athlete must leave the throwing circle from the back half.

Foul throws occur when an athlete:

• Does not pause within the circle before beginning the putting motion.
• Does not complete the putting movement initiated within thirty seconds of having their name called.
• Allows the shot to drop below their shoulder or outside the vertical plane of their shoulder during the put.

At any time if the shot loses contact with the neck then it is technically an illegal put.

• During the putting motion, touches with any part of the body (including shoes):
  • the top or ends of the toe board
  • the top of the iron ring
  • anywhere outside the circle.
• Puts a shot which either falls outside the throwing sector or touches a sector line on the initial impact.
• Leaves the circle before the shot has landed.
• Does not leave from the rear half of the circle.

The following are either obsolete or non-existent, but commonly believed rules for professional competition:^{[citation needed]}

• The athlete must enter the circle from the back (no rule books contain such a clause).
• The athlete entering the circle, then exiting and re-entering it before starting the throw results in a foul (all rule books allow athletes to leave a circle before starting a throw, but this still counts within the 30 second time limit; the allowable method of exiting the circle varies by rule book).
• Loose clothing, shoelaces, or long hair touching outside the circle during a throw, or an athlete bringing a towel into the circle and then throwing it out before the put, results in a foul.

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Shot put competitions have been held at the modern Summer Olympic Games since their inception in 1896, and it is also included as an event in the World Athletics Championships.

Each of these competitions in the modern era have a set number of rounds of throws. Typically there are three qualification rounds to determine qualification for the final. There are then three preliminary rounds in the final with the top eight competitors receiving a further three throws. Each competitor in the final is credited with their longest throw, regardless of whether it was achieved in the preliminary or final three rounds. The competitor with the longest legal put is declared the winner.

In open competitions the men's shot weighs 7.26 kilograms (16 lb), and the women's shot weighs 4 kilograms (8.82 lb). Junior, school, and masters competitions often use different weights of shots, typically below the weights of those used in open competitions; the individual rules for each competition should be consulted in order to determine the correct weights to be used.

Two putting styles are in current general use by shot put competitors: the glide and the spin. With all putting styles, the goal is to release the shot with maximum forward velocity at an angle of slightly less than forty-five degrees.^[5]

The origin of this technique dates to 1951, when Parry O'Brien from the United States invented a technique that involved the putter facing backwards, rotating 180 degrees across the circle, and then tossing the shot. Unlike spin, this technique is a linear movement.^[6]

With this technique, a right-hand thrower would begin facing the rear of the circle. They would typically adopt a specific type of crouch, involving their bent right leg, in order to begin the throw from a more beneficial posture whilst also isometrically preloading their muscles. The positioning of their bodyweight over their bent leg, which pushes upwards with equal force, generates a preparatory isometric press. The force generated by this press will be channelled into the subsequent throw making it more powerful. To initiate the throw they kick to the front with the left leg, while pushing off forcefully with the right. As the thrower crosses the circle, the hips twist toward the front, the left arm is swung out then pulled back tight, followed by the shoulders, and they then strike in a putting motion with their right arm. The key is to move quickly across the circle with as little air under the feet as possible, hence the name 'glide'.

This is also known as the rotational technique.^[7] It was first practiced in Europe in the 1950s but did not receive much attention until the 1970s.^[8] In 1972 Aleksandr Baryshnikov set his first USSR record using a new putting style, the spin ("круговой мах" in Russian), invented by his coach Viktor Alexeyev.^[9][10] The spin involves rotating like a discus thrower and using rotational momentum for power. In 1976 Baryshnikov went on to set a world record of 22.00 m (72.18 ft) with his spin style, and was the first shot putter to cross the 22-meter mark.^[11]

With this technique, a right-hand thrower faces the rear, and begins to spin on the ball of the left foot. The thrower comes around and faces the front of the circle and drives the right foot into the center of the circle. Finally, the thrower reaches for the front of the circle with the left foot, twisting the hips and shoulders like in the glide, and puts the shot.

When the athlete executes the spin, the upper body is twisted hard to the right, so the imaginary lines created by the shoulders and hips are no longer parallel. This action builds up torque, and stretches the muscles, creating an involuntary elasticity in the muscles, providing extra power and momentum. When the athlete prepares to release, the left foot is firmly planted, causing the momentum and energy generated to be conserved, pushing the shot in an upward and outward direction.

Another purpose of the spin is to build up a high rotational speed, by swinging the right leg initially, then to bring all the limbs in tightly, similar to a figure skater bringing in their arms while spinning to increase their speed. Once this fast speed is achieved the shot is released, transferring the energy into the shot put.

Until 2016, a woman had never made an Olympic final (top 8) using the spin technique. The first woman to enter a final and win a medal at the Olympics was Anita Márton.^[12][8]

Ryan Crouser, the current men's world record holder, added an additional move, the "Crouser Slide", to his spin technique. He used this technique to set the world record at the Los Angeles Grand Prix in 2023.^[13]

Currently, most top male shot putters use the spin. However the glide remains popular since the technique leads to greater consistency compared to the rotational technique. Almost all throwers start by using the glide. Tomasz Majewski notes that although most athletes use the spin,^[14] he and some other top shot putters achieved success using this classic method (for example he became the first to defend the Olympic title in 56 years).

The world record and the next six best male results (23.37, 23.30, 23.15, and 23.12 by Ryan Crouser, 23.23 by Joe Kovacs, and 23.12 and 23.10 by Randy Barnes) were completed with the spin technique, while the eighth-best all-time put of 23.06 m (75 ft 7+3⁄4 in) by Ulf Timmermann was completed with the glide technique.

The decision to glide or spin may need to be decided on an individual basis, determined by the thrower's size and power. Short throwers may benefit from the spin and taller throwers may benefit from the glide, but many throwers do not follow this guideline.

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The shot is made of different kinds of materials depending on its intended use. Materials used include sand, iron, cast iron, solid steel, stainless steel, brass, and synthetic materials like polyvinyl. Some metals are more dense than others, making the size of the shot vary. For example, different materials are used to make indoor and outdoor shot – because damage to surroundings must be taken into account – so the latter are smaller. There are various size and weight standards for the implement that depend on the age and gender of the competitors as well as the national customs of the governing body.

The current world record holders are:^[15]

Type	Athlete	Mark	Date	Place
Men
Outdoor	Ryan Crouser	23.56 m (77 ft 3+1⁄2 in)	27 May 2023	Los Angeles, USA
Indoor	Ryan Crouser	22.82 m (74 ft 10+1⁄4 in)	24 January 2021	Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
Women
Outdoor	Natalya Lisovskaya	22.63 m (74 ft 2+3⁄4 in)	7 June 1987	Moscow, USSR
Indoor	Helena Fibingerová	22.50 m (73 ft 9+3⁄4 in)	19 February 1977	Jablonec, CZE

The current records held on each continent are:^[16][17]

Area	Men's			Women's
	Mark	Athlete	Nation	Mark	Athlete	Nation
Africa	21.97 m (72 ft 3⁄4 in)	Janus Robberts	South Africa	18.43 m (60 ft 5+1⁄2 in)	Vivian Chukwuemeka	Nigeria
Asia	21.77 m (71 ft 5 in)	Tajinderpal Singh Toor	India	21.76 m (71 ft 4+1⁄2 in)	Meisu Li	China
Europe	23.06 m (75 ft 7+3⁄4 in)	Ulf Timmermann	East Germany	22.63 m (74 ft 2+3⁄4 in) WR	Natalya Lisovskaya	Soviet Union
North and Central America, and Caribbean	23.56 m (77 ft 3+1⁄2 in) WR	Ryan Crouser	United States	20.96 m (68 ft 9 in) A	Belsy Laza	Cuba
Oceania	22.90 m (75 ft 1+1⁄2 in)	Tomas Walsh	New Zealand	21.24 m (69 ft 8 in)	Valerie Adams	New Zealand
South America	22.61 m (74 ft 2 in)	Darlan Romani	Brazil	19.30 m (63 ft 3+3⁄4 in) A	Elisângela Adriano	Brazil

Outdoor tables show data for two definitions of "Top 25" - the top 25 shot put marks and the top 25 athletes:

- denotes top performance for athletes in the top 25 shot put marks

- denotes lesser performances, still in the top 25 shot put marks, by repeat athletes

- denotes top performance (only) for other top 25 athletes who fall outside the top 25 shot put marks

• Correct as of September 2024.^[18][19]

Ath.#	Perf.#	Mark	Technique	Athlete	Nation	Date	Place	Ref.
1	1	23.56 m (77 ft 3+1⁄2 in)	spin	Ryan Crouser	United States	27 May 2023	Los Angeles	[20]
	2	23.51 m (77 ft 1+1⁄2 in)		Crouser #2		19 August 2023	Budapest	[21]
	3	23.37 m (76 ft 8 in)		Crouser #3		18 June 2021	Eugene	[22]
	4	23.30 m (76 ft 5+1⁄4 in)		Crouser #4		5 August 2021	Tokyo
2	5	23.23 m (76 ft 2+1⁄2 in)	spin	Joe Kovacs	United States	7 September 2022	Zürich	[23]
	6	23.15 m (75 ft 11+1⁄4 in)		Crouser #5		21 August 2021	Eugene
	7	23.13 m (75 ft 10+1⁄2 in)		Kovacs #2		25 May 2024	Eugene	[24]
3	8	23.12 m (75 ft 10 in)	spin	Randy Barnes	United States	20 May 1990	Westwood
	8	23.12 m (75 ft 10 in)		Crouser #6		24 June 2022	Eugene	[25]
	10	23.10 m (75 ft 9+1⁄4 in)		Barnes #2		26 May 1990	San Jose
	11	23.07 m (75 ft 8+1⁄4 in)		Crouser #7		23 July 2023	London	[26]
4	12	23.06 m (75 ft 7+3⁄4 in)	glide	Ulf Timmermann	East Germany	22 May 1988	Chania
	13	23.02 m (75 ft 6+1⁄4 in)		Crouser #8		28 May 2022	Eugene	[27]
	14	23.01 m (75 ft 5+3⁄4 in)		Crouser #9		22 May 2021	Tucson
5	15	22.98 m (75 ft 4+1⁄2 in)	spin	Leonardo Fabbri	Italy	14 September 2024	Brussels	[28]
	16	22.95 m (75 ft 3+1⁄2 in)		Fabbri #2		15 May 2024	Savona	[29]
	17	22.94 m (75 ft 3 in)		Crouser #10		17 July 2022	Eugene	[30]
	18	22.93 m (75 ft 2+3⁄4 in)		Kovacs #3		17 September 2023	Eugene	[31]
				Crouser #11		7 September 2024	Zagreb	[32]
				Kovacs #4		18 May 2024	Los Angeles	[33]
	21	22.92 m (75 ft 2+1⁄4 in)		Crouser #12		18 June 2021	Eugene
6	22	22.91 m (75 ft 1+3⁄4 in)	glide	Alessandro Andrei	Italy	12 August 1987	Viareggio
	22	22.91 m (75 ft 1+3⁄4 in)		Kovacs #5		5 October 2019	Doha	[34]
				Crouser #13		18 July 2020	Marietta
				Crouser #14		17 September 2023	Eugene	[31]
				Fabbri #3		23 May 2024	Asti
7		22.90 m (75 ft 1+1⁄2 in)	spin	Tom Walsh	New Zealand	5 October 2019	Doha	[34]
8		22.86 m (75 ft 0 in) A	spin	Brian Oldfield	United States	10 May 1975	El Paso
9		22.75 m (74 ft 7+1⁄2 in)	glide	Werner Günthör	Switzerland	23 August 1988	Bern
10		22.67 m (74 ft 4+1⁄2 in)	spin	Kevin Toth	United States	19 April 2003	Lawrence
11		22.64 m (74 ft 3+1⁄4 in)	glide	Udo Beyer	East Germany	20 August 1986	Berlin
12		22.61 m (74 ft 2 in)	spin	Darlan Romani	Brazil	30 June 2019	Stanford	[35]
13		22.59 m (74 ft 1+1⁄4 in)	spin	Payton Otterdahl	United States	24 April 2024	Des Moines	[36]
14		22.54 m (73 ft 11+1⁄4 in)	spin	Christian Cantwell	United States	5 June 2004	Gresham
15		22.52 m (73 ft 10+1⁄2 in)	glide	John Brenner	United States	26 April 1987	Walnut
16		22.51 m (73 ft 10 in)	spin	Adam Nelson	United States	18 May 2002	Portland
17		22.44 m (73 ft 7+1⁄4 in)	spin	Darrell Hill	United States	31 August 2017	Brussels	[37]
			spin	Zane Weir	Italy	3 September 2023	Padua	[38]
19		22.43 m (73 ft 7 in)	spin	Reese Hoffa	United States	3 August 2007	London
20		22.32 m (73 ft 2+1⁄2 in)	spin	Michał Haratyk	Poland	28 July 2019	Warsaw	[39]
21		22.31 m (73 ft 2+1⁄4 in)	spin	Rajindra Campbell	Jamaica	7 September 2024	Zagreb	[32]
22		22.29 m (73 ft 1+1⁄2 in)	spin	Josh Awotunde	United States	17 July 2022	Eugene	[30]
23		22.28 m (73 ft 1 in)	spin	Ryan Whiting	United States	10 May 2013	Doha
24		22.25 m (72 ft 11+3⁄4 in)	spin	Konrad Bukowiecki	Poland	14 September 2019	Chorzów	[40]
24			spin	Jordan Geist	United States	12 July 2024	Dublin

• Ryan Crouser threw 23.12 in Eugene, Oregon on 24 June 2022. 23.01, 23.11 and 22.98 (ancillary throws) were recorded for his remaining attempts. This was the first time the 23-metre barrier has been broken more than once in a series.^[25]
• Crouser also threw a series of 23.23, 23.31, 22.94, 23.56, 22.80 and 22.86 in Los Angeles, California on 27 May 2023 to break again the 23-metre mark three times in a series.^[20]

• Correct as of April 2022.^[41][42]

Ath.#	Perf.#	Mark	Technique	Athlete	Nation	Date	Place	Ref.
1	1	22.63 m (74 ft 2+3⁄4 in)	glide	Natalya Lisovskaya	Soviet Union	7 June 1987	Moscow
	2	22.60 m (74 ft 1+3⁄4 in)		Lisovskaya #2		7 June 1987	Moscow
	3	22.55 m (73 ft 11+3⁄4 in)		Lisovskaya #3		5 July 1988	Tallinn
	4	22.53 m (73 ft 11 in)		Lisovskaya #4		27 May 1984	Sochi
				Lisovskaya #5		14 August 1988	Kyiv
2	6	22.45 m (73 ft 7+3⁄4 in)	glide	Ilona Slupianek	East Germany	11 May 1980	Potsdam
	7	22.41 m (73 ft 6+1⁄4 in)		Slupianek #2		24 July 1980	Moscow
	8	22.40 m (73 ft 5+3⁄4 in)		Slupianek #3		3 June 1983	Berlin
	9	22.38 m (73 ft 5 in)		Slupianek #4		25 May 1980	Karl-Marx-Stadt
	10	22.36 m (73 ft 4+1⁄4 in)		Slupianek #5		2 May 1980	Celje
	11	22.34 m (73 ft 3+1⁄2 in)		Slupianek #6		7 May 1980	Berlin
				Slupianek #7		18 July 1980	Cottbus
3	13	22.32 m (73 ft 2+1⁄2 in)	glide	Helena Fibingerová	Czechoslovakia	20 August 1977	Nitra
	14	22.24 m (72 ft 11+1⁄2 in)		Lisovskaya #6		1 October 1988	Seoul
	15	22.22 m (72 ft 10+3⁄4 in)		Slupianek #8		13 July 1980	Potsdam
4	16	22.19 m (72 ft 9+1⁄2 in)	glide	Claudia Losch	West Germany	23 August 1987	Hainfeld
	17	22.13 m (72 ft 7+1⁄4 in)		Slupianek #9		29 April 1980	Split
	18	22.06 m (72 ft 4+1⁄2 in)		Lisovskaya #7		6 August 1988	Moscow
	19	22.05 m (72 ft 4 in)		Slupianek #10		28 May 1980	Berlin
				Slupianek #11		31 May 1980	Potsdam
	21	22.04 m (72 ft 3+1⁄2 in)		Slupianek #12		4 July 1979	Potsdam
				Slupianek #13		29 July 1979	Potsdam
	23	21.99 m (72 ft 1+1⁄2 in)		Fibingerová #2		26 September 1976	Opava
	24	21.98 m (72 ft 1+1⁄4 in)		Slupianek #14		17 July 1979	Berlin
	25	21.96 m (72 ft 1⁄2 in)		Fibingerová #3		8 June 1977	Ostrava
				Lisovskaya #8		16 August 1984	Prague
				Lisovskaya #9		28 August 1988	Vilnius
5		21.89 m (71 ft 9+3⁄4 in)	glide	Ivanka Khristova	Bulgaria	4 July 1976	Belmeken
6		21.86 m (71 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	glide	Marianne Adam	East Germany	23 June 1979	Leipzig
7		21.76 m (71 ft 4+1⁄2 in)	glide	Li Meisu	China	23 April 1988	Shijiazhuang
8		21.73 m (71 ft 3+1⁄2 in)	glide	Natalya Akhrimenko	Soviet Union	21 May 1988	Leselidze
9		21.69 m (71 ft 1+3⁄4 in)	glide	Vita Pavlysh	Ukraine	20 August 1998	Budapest
10		21.66 m (71 ft 3⁄4 in)	glide	Sui Xinmei	China	9 June 1990	Beijing
11		21.61 m (70 ft 10+3⁄4 in)	glide	Verzhinia Veselinova	Bulgaria	21 August 1982	Sofia
12		21.58 m (70 ft 9+1⁄2 in)	glide	Margitta Droese-Pufe	East Germany	28 May 1978	Erfurt
13		21.57 m (70 ft 9 in)	glide	Ines Müller	East Germany	16 May 1988	Athens
14		21.53 m (70 ft 7+1⁄2 in)	glide	Nunu Abashidze	Soviet Union	20 June 1984	Kyiv
15		21.52 m (70 ft 7 in)	glide	Huang Zhihong	China	27 June 1990	Beijing
16		21.46 m (70 ft 4+3⁄4 in)	glide	Larisa Peleshenko	Russia	26 August 2000	Budapest
17		21.45 m (70 ft 4+1⁄4 in)	glide	Nadezhda Chizhova	Soviet Union	29 September 1973	Varna
18		21.43 m (70 ft 3+1⁄2 in)	glide	Eva Wilms	West Germany	17 June 1977	Munich
19		21.42 m (70 ft 3+1⁄4 in)	glide	Svetlana Krachevskaya	Soviet Union	24 July 1980	Moscow
20		21.31 m (69 ft 10+3⁄4 in)	glide	Heike Hartwig	East Germany	16 May 1988	Athens
21		21.27 m (69 ft 9+1⁄4 in)	glide	Liane Schmuhl	East Germany	26 June 1982	Cottbus
22		21.24 m (69 ft 8 in)	glide	Valerie Adams	New Zealand	29 August 2011	Daegu
23		21.22 m (69 ft 7+1⁄4 in)	glide	Astrid Kumbernuss	Germany	5 August 1995	Gothenburg
24		21.21 m (69 ft 7 in)	glide	Kathrin Neimke	East Germany	5 September 1987	Rome
25		21.19 m (69 ft 6+1⁄4 in)	glide	Helma Knorscheidt	East Germany	24 May 1984	Berlin

• Correct as of February 2024.^[43]

Rank	Mark	Athlete	Date	Place	Ref
1	22.82 m (74 ft 10+1⁄4 in)	Ryan Crouser (USA)	24 January 2021	Fayetteville
2	22.66 m (74 ft 4 in)	Randy Barnes (USA)	20 January 1989	Los Angeles
3	22.55 m (73 ft 11+3⁄4 in)	Ulf Timmermann (GDR)	11 February 1989	Senftenberg
4	22.53 m (73 ft 11 in)	Darlan Romani (BRA)	19 March 2022	Belgrade
5	22.40 m (73 ft 5+3⁄4 in)	Adam Nelson (USA)	15 February 2008	Fayetteville
6	22.37 m (73 ft 4+1⁄2 in)	Leonardo Fabbri (ITA)	11 February 2024	Liévin	[44]
7	22.31 m (73 ft 2+1⁄4 in)	Tom Walsh (NZL)	3 March 2018	Birmingham
8	22.26 m (73 ft 1⁄4 in)	Werner Günthör (SUI)	8 February 1987	Magglingen
9	22.23 m (72 ft 11 in) A	Ryan Whiting (USA)	23 February 2014	Albuquerque
10	22.18 m (72 ft 9 in)	Christian Cantwell (USA)	22 February 2008	Warrensburg
11	22.17 m (72 ft 8+3⁄4 in)	Tomáš Staněk (CZE)	6 February 2018	Düsseldorf	[45]
12	22.16 m (72 ft 8+1⁄4 in)	Rajindra Campbell (JAM)	23 February 2024	Madrid	[46]
13	22.11 m (72 ft 6+1⁄4 in)	Reese Hoffa (USA)	10 March 2006	Moscow
14	22.09 m (72 ft 5+1⁄2 in)	Mika Halvari (FIN)	7 February 2000	Tampere
15	22.06 m (72 ft 4+1⁄2 in)	Zane Weir (ITA)	3 March 2023	Istanbul	[47]
16	22.05 m (72 ft 4 in)	Joe Kovacs (USA)	13 February 2021	Geneva
17	22.02 m (72 ft 2+3⁄4 in)	George Woods (USA)	8 February 1974	Inglewood
18	22.00 m (72 ft 2 in)	Konrad Bukowiecki (POL)	15 February 2018	Toruń
19	21.93 m (71 ft 11+1⁄4 in)	Bob Bertemes (LUX)	19 February 2023	Kirchberg
20	21.88 m (71 ft 9+1⁄4 in)	David Storl (GER)	9 March 2012	Istanbul
21	21.85 m (71 ft 8 in)	Turner Washington (USA)	13 February 2021	Lubbock
22	21.84 m (71 ft 7+3⁄4 in)	Filip Mihaljević (CRO)	27 February 2020	Belgrade
		Roman Kokoshko (UKR)	3 March 2023	Istanbul	[47]
24	21.83 m (71 ft 7+1⁄4 in)	Oleksandr Bahach (UKR)	21 February 1991	Brovary
		John Godina (USA)	26 February 2005	Boston
		Michał Haratyk (POL)	12 February 2021	Łódź

Below is a list of all other throws equal or superior to 22.42 m:

• Ryan Crouser also threw 22.80 (2024), 22.77 (2024), 22.70 (2021), 22.66 (2021), 22.65 (2021), 22.60 (2020), 22.58 (2020, 2023), 22.48 (2021), 22.43 (2021) and 22.42 (2023).
• Randy Barnes also threw 22.66 (1989).
• Ulf Timmermann also threw 22.55 (1989).

Ryan Crouser threw 23.38 i, a possible world record, in Pocatello, Idaho on 18 February 2023. But this result was unratifiable because the throwing circle was too wide and raised above ground level.^[48]

• Correct as of May 2022.^[49]

Rank	Mark	Athlete	Date	Place	Ref
1	22.50 m (73 ft 9+3⁄4 in)	Helena Fibingerová (TCH)	19 February 1977	Jablonec
2	22.14 m (72 ft 7+1⁄2 in)	Natalya Lisovskaya (URS)	7 February 1987	Penza
3	21.60 m (70 ft 10+1⁄4 in)	Valentina Fedyushina (UKR)	28 December 1991	Simferopol
4	21.59 m (70 ft 10 in)	Ilona Slupianek (GDR)	24 January 1979	Berlin
5	21.46 m (70 ft 4+3⁄4 in)	Claudia Losch (FRG)	4 February 1986	Zweibrücken
6	21.26 m (69 ft 9 in)	Ines Müller (GDR)	24 February 1985	Berlin
		Natalya Akhrimenko (URS)	24 January 1987	Leningrad
8	21.23 m (69 ft 7+3⁄4 in)	Margitta Droese-Pufe (GDR)	26 February 1978	Senftenberg
9	21.15 m (69 ft 4+1⁄2 in)	Irina Korzhanenko (RUS)	18 February 1999	Moscow
10	21.10 m (69 ft 2+1⁄2 in)	Sui Xinmei (CHN)	3 March 1990	Beijing
11	21.08 m (69 ft 1+3⁄4 in)	Li Meisu (CHN)	25 March 1988	Beijing
12	21.06 m (69 ft 1 in)	Eva Wilms (FRG)	19 February 1977	Dortmund
		Nunu Abashidze (URS)	8 February 1984	Budapest
14	21.03 m (68 ft 11+3⁄4 in)	Helma Knorscheidt (GDR)	4 August 1983	Berlin
15	20.98 m (68 ft 9+3⁄4 in)	Valerie Adams (NZL)	28 August 2013	Zürich
16	20.94 m (68 ft 8+1⁄4 in)	Kathrin Neimke (GDR)	3 February 1988	Senftenberg
17	20.85 m (68 ft 4+3⁄4 in)	Heidi Krieger (GDR)	25 January 1987	Berlin
18	20.78 m (68 ft 2 in)	Ivanka Khristova (BUL)	14 February 1976	Sofia
19	20.75 m (68 ft 3⁄4 in)	Heike Hartwig (GDR)	7 February 1987	Senftenberg
20	20.74 m (68 ft 1⁄2 in)	Verzhiniya Veselinova (BUL)	21 February 1982	Sofia
21	20.73 m (68 ft 0 in)	Vita Pavlysh (UKR)	22 February 2004	Sumy
22	20.71 m (67 ft 11+1⁄4 in)	Larisa Peleshenko (URS)	11 February 1988	Volgograd
23	20.70 m (67 ft 10+3⁄4 in)	Liane Schmuhl (GDR)	27 February 1982	Senftenberg
24	20.69 m (67 ft 10+1⁄2 in)	Svetlana Krivelyova (RUS)	22 January 1999	Moscow
25	20.62 m (67 ft 7+3⁄4 in)	Nadezhda Chizhova (URS)	9 March 1974	Gothenburg

The following athletes had their performance (inside 21.50 m) annulled due to doping offences:

• Nadzeya Ostapchuk 21.70 (2010)

edit

Games	Gold	Silver	Bronze
1896 Athens details	Robert Garrett  United States	Miltiadis Gouskos  Greece	Georgios Papasideris  Greece
1900 Paris details	Richard Sheldon  United States	Josiah McCracken  United States	Robert Garrett  United States
1904 St. Louis details	Ralph Rose  United States	Wesley Coe  United States	Lawrence Feuerbach  United States
1908 London details	Ralph Rose  United States	Denis Horgan  Great Britain	John Garrels  United States
1912 Stockholm details	Pat McDonald  United States	Ralph Rose  United States	Lawrence Whitney  United States
1920 Antwerp details	Ville Pörhölä  Finland	Elmer Niklander  Finland	Harry Liversedge  United States
1924 Paris details	Bud Houser  United States	Glenn Hartranft  United States	Ralph Hills  United States
1928 Amsterdam details	John Kuck  United States	Herman Brix  United States	Emil Hirschfeld  Germany
1932 Los Angeles details	Leo Sexton  United States	Harlow Rothert  United States	František Douda  Czechoslovakia
1936 Berlin details	Hans Woellke  Germany	Sulo Bärlund  Finland	Gerhard Stöck  Germany
1948 London details	Wilbur Thompson  United States	Jim Delaney  United States	Jim Fuchs  United States
1952 Helsinki details	Parry O'Brien  United States	Darrow Hooper  United States	Jim Fuchs  United States
1956 Melbourne details	Parry O'Brien  United States	Bill Nieder  United States	Jiří Skobla  Czechoslovakia
1960 Rome details	Bill Nieder  United States	Parry O'Brien  United States	Dallas Long  United States
1964 Tokyo details	Dallas Long  United States	Randy Matson  United States	Vilmos Varjú  Hungary
1968 Mexico City details	Randy Matson  United States	George Woods  United States	Eduard Gushchin  Soviet Union
1972 Munich details	Władysław Komar  Poland	George Woods  United States	Hartmut Briesenick  East Germany
1976 Montreal details	Udo Beyer  East Germany	Yevgeniy Mironov  Soviet Union	Aleksandr Baryshnikov  Soviet Union
1980 Moscow details	Vladimir Kiselyov  Soviet Union	Aleksandr Baryshnikov  Soviet Union	Udo Beyer  East Germany
1984 Los Angeles details	Alessandro Andrei  Italy	Mike Carter  United States	Dave Laut  United States
1988 Seoul details	Ulf Timmermann  East Germany	Randy Barnes  United States	Werner Günthör  Switzerland
1992 Barcelona details	Mike Stulce  United States	Jim Doehring  United States	Vyacheslav Lykho  Unified Team
1996 Atlanta details	Randy Barnes  United States	John Godina  United States	Oleksandr Bagach  Ukraine
2000 Sydney details	Arsi Harju  Finland	Adam Nelson  United States	John Godina  United States
2004 Athens details	Adam Nelson  United States	Joachim Olsen  Denmark	Manuel Martínez  Spain
2008 Beijing details	Tomasz Majewski  Poland	Christian Cantwell  United States	Dylan Armstrong  Canada
2012 London details	Tomasz Majewski  Poland	David Storl  Germany	Reese Hoffa  United States
2016 Rio de Janeiro details	Ryan Crouser  United States	Joe Kovacs  United States	Tom Walsh  New Zealand
2020 Tokyo details	Ryan Crouser  United States	Joe Kovacs  United States	Tom Walsh  New Zealand
2024 Paris details	Ryan Crouser  United States	Joe Kovacs  United States	Rajindra Campbell  Jamaica

edit

Games	Gold	Silver	Bronze
1948 London details	Micheline Ostermeyer  France	Amelia Piccinini  Italy	Ina Schäffer  Austria
1952 Helsinki details	Galina Zybina  Soviet Union	Marianne Werner  Germany	Klavdiya Tochonova  Soviet Union
1956 Melbourne details	Tamara Tyshkevich  Soviet Union	Galina Zybina  Soviet Union	Marianne Werner  United Team of Germany
1960 Rome details	Tamara Press  Soviet Union	Johanna Lüttge  United Team of Germany	Earlene Brown  United States
1964 Tokyo details	Tamara Press  Soviet Union	Renate Culmberger  United Team of Germany	Galina Zybina  Soviet Union
1968 Mexico City details	Margitta Gummel  East Germany	Marita Lange  East Germany	Nadezhda Chizhova  Soviet Union
1972 Munich details	Nadezhda Chizhova  Soviet Union	Margitta Gummel  East Germany	Ivanka Khristova  Bulgaria
1976 Montreal details	Ivanka Khristova  Bulgaria	Nadezhda Chizhova  Soviet Union	Helena Fibingerová  Czechoslovakia
1980 Moscow details	Ilona Slupianek  East Germany	Svetlana Krachevskaya  Soviet Union	Margitta Pufe  East Germany
1984 Los Angeles details	Claudia Losch  West Germany	Mihaela Loghin  Romania	Gael Martin  Australia
1988 Seoul details	Natalya Lisovskaya  Soviet Union	Kathrin Neimke  East Germany	Li Meisu  China
1992 Barcelona details	Svetlana Krivelyova  Unified Team	Huang Zhihong  China	Kathrin Neimke  Germany
1996 Atlanta details	Astrid Kumbernuss  Germany	Sui Xinmei  China	Irina Khudoroshkina  Russia
2000 Sydney details	Yanina Karolchik  Belarus	Larisa Peleshenko  Russia	Astrid Kumbernuss  Germany
2004 Athens details	Yumileidi Cumbá  Cuba	Nadine Kleinert  Germany	Not awarded[50]
2008 Beijing details	Valerie Vili  New Zealand	Misleydis González  Cuba	Gong Lijiao  China
2012 London details	Valerie Adams  New Zealand	Gong Lijiao  China	Li Ling  China
2016 Rio de Janeiro details	Michelle Carter  United States	Valerie Adams  New Zealand	Anita Márton  Hungary
2020 Tokyo details	Gong Lijiao  China	Raven Saunders  United States	Valerie Adams  New Zealand
2024 Paris details	Yemisi Ogunleye  Germany	Maddi Wesche  New Zealand	Song Jiayuan  China

Championships	Gold	Silver	Bronze
1983 Helsinki details	Edward Sarul (POL)	Ulf Timmermann (GDR)	Remigius Machura (TCH)
1987 Rome details	Werner Günthör (SUI)	Alessandro Andrei (ITA)	John Brenner (USA)
1991 Tokyo details	Werner Günthör (SUI)	Lars Arvid Nilsen (NOR)	Aleksandr Klimenko (URS)
1993 Stuttgart details	Werner Günthör (SUI)	Randy Barnes (USA)	Oleksandr Bagach (UKR)
1995 Gothenburg details	John Godina (USA)	Mika Halvari (FIN)	Randy Barnes (USA)
1997 Athens details	John Godina (USA)	Oliver-Sven Buder (GER)	C. J. Hunter (USA)
1999 Seville details	C. J. Hunter (USA)	Oliver-Sven Buder (GER)	Oleksandr Bagach (UKR)
2001 Edmonton details	John Godina (USA)	Adam Nelson (USA)	Arsi Harju (FIN)
2003 Saint-Denis details	Andrei Mikhnevich (BLR)	Adam Nelson (USA)	Yuriy Bilonoh (UKR)
2005 Helsinki details	Adam Nelson (USA)	Rutger Smith (NED)	Ralf Bartels (GER)
2007 Osaka details	Reese Hoffa (USA)	Adam Nelson (USA)	Rutger Smith (NED)
2009 Berlin details	Christian Cantwell (USA)	Tomasz Majewski (POL)	Ralf Bartels (GER)
2011 Daegu details	David Storl (GER)	Dylan Armstrong (CAN)	Christian Cantwell (USA)
2013 Moscow details	David Storl (GER)	Ryan Whiting (USA)	Dylan Armstrong (CAN)
2015 Beijing details	Joe Kovacs (USA)	David Storl (GER)	O'Dayne Richards (JAM)
2017 London details	Tom Walsh (NZL)	Joe Kovacs (USA)	Stipe Žunić (CRO)
2019 Doha details	Joe Kovacs (USA)	Ryan Crouser (USA)	Tom Walsh (NZL)
2022 Eugene details	Ryan Crouser (USA)	Joe Kovacs (USA)	Josh Awotunde (USA)
2023 Budapest details	Ryan Crouser (USA)	Leonardo Fabbri (ITA)	Joe Kovacs (USA)

Championships	Gold	Silver	Bronze
1983 Helsinki details	Helena Fibingerová (TCH)	Helma Knorscheidt (GDR)	Ilona Schoknecht-Slupianek (GDR)
1987 Rome details	Natalya Lisovskaya (URS)	Kathrin Neimke (GDR)	Ines Müller (GDR)
1991 Tokyo details	Huang Zhihong (CHN)	Natalya Lisovskaya (URS)	Svetlana Krivelyova (URS)
1993 Stuttgart details	Huang Zhihong (CHN)	Svetlana Krivelyova (RUS)	Kathrin Neimke (GER)
1995 Gothenburg details	Astrid Kumbernuss (GER)	Huang Zhihong (CHN)	Svetla Mitkova (BUL)
1997 Athens details	Astrid Kumbernuss (GER)	Vita Pavlysh (UKR)	Stephanie Storp (GER)
1999 Seville details	Astrid Kumbernuss (GER)	Nadine Kleinert (GER)	Svetlana Krivelyova (RUS)
2001 Edmonton details	Yanina Karolchik (BLR)	Nadine Kleinert (GER)	Vita Pavlysh (UKR)
2003 Saint-Denis details	Svetlana Krivelyova (RUS)	Nadzeya Ostapchuk (BLR)	Vita Pavlysh (UKR)
2005 Helsinki[51] details	Olga Ryabinkina (RUS)	Valerie Vili (NZL)	Nadine Kleinert (GER)
2007 Osaka details	Valerie Vili (NZL)	Nadine Kleinert (GER)	Li Ling (CHN)
2009 Berlin details	Valerie Vili (NZL)	Nadine Kleinert (GER)	Gong Lijiao (CHN)
2011 Daegu details	Valerie Adams (NZL)	Jillian Camarena-Williams (USA)	Gong Lijiao (CHN)
2013 Moscow details	Valerie Adams (NZL)	Christina Schwanitz (GER)	Gong Lijiao (CHN)
2015 Beijing details	Christina Schwanitz (GER)	Gong Lijiao (CHN)	Michelle Carter (USA)
2017 London details	Gong Lijiao (CHN)	Anita Márton (HUN)	Michelle Carter (USA)
2019 Doha details	Gong Lijiao (CHN)	Danniel Thomas-Dodd (JAM)	Christina Schwanitz (GER)
2022 Eugene details	Chase Ealey (USA)	Gong Lijiao (CHN)	Jessica Schilder (NED)
2023 Budapest details	Chase Ealey (USA)	Sarah Mitton (CAN)	Gong Lijiao (CHN)

Games	Gold	Silver	Bronze
1985 Paris[A] details	Remigius Machura (TCH)	Udo Beyer (GDR)	Jānis Bojārs (URS)
1987 Indianapolis details	Ulf Timmermann (GDR)	Werner Günthör (SUI)	Sergey Smirnov (URS)
1989 Budapest details	Ulf Timmermann (GDR)	Randy Barnes (USA)	Georg Andersen (NOR)
1991 Seville details	Werner Günthör (SUI)	Klaus Bodenmüller (AUT)	Ron Backes (USA)
1993 Toronto details	Mike Stulce (USA)	Jim Doehring (USA)	Oleksandr Bagach (UKR)
1995 Barcelona details	Mika Halvari (FIN)	C. J. Hunter (USA)	Dragan Perić (FRY)
1997 Paris details	Yuriy Bilonoh (UKR)	Oleksandr Bagach (UKR)	John Godina (USA)
1999 Maebashi details	Oleksandr Bagach (UKR)	John Godina (USA)	Yuriy Bilonoh (UKR)
2001 Lisbon details	John Godina (USA)	Adam Nelson (USA)	Manuel Martínez (ESP)
2003 Birmingham details	Manuel Martínez (ESP)	John Godina (USA)	Yuriy Bilonoh (UKR)
2004 Budapest details	Christian Cantwell (USA)	Reese Hoffa (USA)	Joachim Olsen (DEN)
2006 Moscow details	Reese Hoffa (USA)	Joachim Olsen (DEN)	Pavel Sofin (RUS)
2008 Valencia details	Christian Cantwell (USA)	Reese Hoffa (USA)	Tomasz Majewski (POL)
2010 Doha details	Christian Cantwell (USA)	Ralf Bartels (GER)	Dylan Armstrong (CAN)
2012 Istanbul details	Ryan Whiting (USA)	David Storl (GER)	Tomasz Majewski (POL)
2014 Sopot details	Ryan Whiting (USA)	David Storl (GER)	Tomas Walsh (NZL)
2016 Portland details	Tomas Walsh (NZL)	Andrei Gag (ROU)	Filip Mihaljević (CRO)
2018 Birmingham details	Tomas Walsh (NZL)	David Storl (GER)	Tomáš Staněk (CZE)
2022 Belgrade details	Darlan Romani (BRA)	Ryan Crouser (USA)	Tomas Walsh (NZL)
2024 Glasgow details	Ryan Crouser (USA)	Tomas Walsh (NZL)	Leonardo Fabbri (ITA)

Games	Gold	Silver	Bronze
1985 Paris[A] details	Natalya Lisovskaya (URS)	Ines Müller (GDR)	Nunu Abashidze (URS)
1987 Indianapolis details	Natalya Lisovskaya (URS)	Ilona Briesenick (GDR)	Claudia Losch (FRG)
1989 Budapest details	Claudia Losch (FRG)	Huang Zhihong (CHN)	Christa Wiese (GDR)
1991 Seville details	Sui Xinmei (CHN)	Huang Zhihong (CHN)	Natalya Lisovskaya (URS)
1993 Toronto details	Svetlana Krivelyova (RUS)	Stephanie Storp (GER)	Zhang Liuhong (CHN)
1995 Barcelona details	Kathrin Neimke (GER)	Connie Price-Smith (USA)	Grit Hammer (GER)
1997 Paris details	Vita Pavlysh (UKR)	Astrid Kumbernuss (GER)	Irina Korzhanenko (RUS)
1999 Maebashi details	Svetlana Krivelyova (RUS)	Krystyna Danilczyk-Zabawska (POL)	Teri Steer-Tunks (USA)
2001 Lisbon details	Larisa Peleshenko (RUS)	Nadzeya Ostapchuk (BLR)	Svetlana Krivelyova (RUS)
2003 Birmingham details	Irina Korzhanenko (RUS)	Nadzeya Ostapchuk (BLR)	Astrid Kumbernuss (GER)
2004 Budapest details	Svetlana Krivelyova (RUS)