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DeutschSaraqib
Saraqib سَرَاقِب Saraqeb | |
|---|---|
  Saraqib Location in Syria | |
| Coordinates: 35°51′49″N 36°48′2″E / 35.86361°N 36.80056°E | |
| Country |  Syria |
| Governorate | Idlib |
| District | Idlib |
| Subdistrict | Saraqib |
| Elevation | 370 m (1,210 ft) |
| Population (2012) | |
| • Total | 34,231 |
Saraqib (Arabic: سَرَاقِب, romanized: Sarāqib also spelled Saraqeb) is a city in northwestern Syria, administratively belonging to the Idlib Governorate, located east of Idlib. During the course of the Syrian Civil War, the city fell into rebel forces in 2012 and was recaptured by the Syrian Army in 2020.
It has an elevation of 370 meters above sea level. The ancient site of Ebla is situated five kilometers south of the city.[1] Nearby localities include Mardikh and Maar Dibsah to the south, Tronba and al-Nayrab to the west, Sarmin to the northwest, Taftanaz to the north, Talhiyah to the northeast, Tell Touqan to the east and Kafr Amim to the southeast. The M4 and M5 motorways intersect near Saraqib.[2]
According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Saraqib had a population of 32,495 in the 2004 census. It is the administrative center and largest locality of the Saraqib nahiyah ("subdistrict") which consists of 24 localities that had a collective population of 88,076 in 2004.[3] Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.[4]
History
[edit]Ottoman era
[edit]A large community of Nawar settled in Saraqib during the Ottoman era.[5] Along with Khan Shaykhun and Ma'arat al-Numan, Saraqib is well known for its elaborate black cotton cloth embroidery.[6]
Modern Syrian Republic
[edit]On 26 February 1959, former president Gamal Abdel Nasser addressed the city's residents in a speech commemorating the union between Egypt and Syria forming the United Arab Republic.[7]
Syrian Civil War
[edit]The town of Saraqib lies at a strategic junction of the Aleppo-Damascus and Aleppo-Latakia roads. Since the outbreak of the Syrian civil war, from at least April 2011, the town has seen popular opposition to Bashar al-Assad's government.[8] The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights claimed that over 200 anti-government activist suspects were arrested when Syrian security forces captured the city on 11 August 2011.[9]
Syrian government forces recaptured the city in the Battle of Saraqib, 24–27 March 2012. On 19 July 2012, at least 25 people were killed in Syrian Army shelling following a raid by a Free Syrian Army unit based in the city on a Syrian Army checkpoint.[10] Between 30 October and 1 November 2012, al-Nusra and Liwa Dawud—then a sub-unit of Suqour al-Sham—coordinated an attack on three government checkpoints at entrances to the town.[11]
On 23 January 2017, Ahrar al-Sham captured Saraqib from Jabhat Fatah al-Sham.[12] On 19 July 2017 the Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham alliance, which was created after the merger of Jabhat Fatah al-Sham and other rebel factions, recaptured the city from Ahrar al-Sham militants.[13] Saraqib was bombed in September 2017 as part of a government/Russian offensive against rebel territories in Idlib and Hama.[14]
On 3 February 2018, Russian military pilot Roman Filipov's Su-25SM jet was shot down by Tahrir al-Sham and Jaysh al-Nasr militants over the Idlib Governorate, near the town of Maarrat al-Nu'man (57 km (35 mi) north of the city of Hama), or the town of Saraqib, according to other sources,[15][16] with a shoulder launched surface to air missile. He committed suicide by blowing his grenade to avoid capture.
On 15 October 2018, the Guardians of Religion Organization which is al-Qaeda's branch in Syria published a video in Saraqib which showed the group's religious police, the hisbah, driving around the city with loudspeakers calling on people to adhere to sharia.[17]
In July 2019, Hayat Tahrir al-Sham raided an ISIL base in the city, arresting several individuals including an individual reportedly associated with ISIL's leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, resulting in clashes between ISIL and HTS fighters; during the fighting several improvised explosive devices were detonated by ISIL.[18]
On 6 February 2020, the city fell to the Syrian Army in the 5th Northwestern Syria offensive,[19] but had been retaken weeks later by 26 February during a Syrian opposition and Turkish counter attack.[20] On 1 March 2020, Saraqib was once again under Syrian Army control.[21] On 2 March 2020, the Russian Reconciliation Centre in Syria announced that Russian Military Police had been deployed to the city.[22]
Sports
[edit]The local football team is called Saraqib Sporting Club. Founded in 1980, the club last played in the Syrian League 2nd Division.
References
[edit]- ^ Gockel and Bruns, p. 87.
- ^ Jansen, Michael (26 February 2020). "Capture of M5 one of the most celebrated prizes in Damascus' campaign to regain territory". The Jordan Times. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
- ^ General Census of Population and Housing 2004 Archived 2013-02-06 at the Wayback Machine. Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS). Idlib Governorate. (in Arabic)
- ^ Oweis, Khaled Yacoub. Syrian opposition won't talk to officials linked to crackdown, Reuters, 15 February 2013.
- ^ Berland, p. 73.
- ^ Shoup 2008, p. 96.
- ^ Information Department, 1960, p. 65.
- ^ Filiu, p. 169.
- ^ "Tensions ripple in Syria as U.S., Turkey address crisis". CNN. 11 August 2011. Archived from the original on August 13, 2011.
- ^ "In Rebel Syria: Celebrating Assad's Departure–Even Though He's Still Staying", time.com, 20 July 2012.
- ^ Lister, Charles R. (January 2, 2016). The Syrian Jihad: Al-Qaeda, the Islamic State and the Evolution of an Insurgency. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780190613464 – via Google Books.
- ^ @Lawrence1918x (24 January 2017). "Reports that Ahrar is now in full control of Saraqib - a very strategic place in Idlib CS since it used to supply S Aleppo and Hama" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ "Al-Qaeda wins the upper hand in Idlib as jihadist groups unleash hell upon one another". AMN - Al-Masdar News | المصدر نيوز. 2017-07-20. Archived from the original on 2019-03-29. Retrieved 2017-07-25.
- ^ Suleiman Al-Khalidi Russia, Syria intensify bombing of rebel-held Idlib, witnesses say, Reuters, 24 September 2017
- ^ "Syria rebels shoot down Russian jet, capture pilot - monitor". Deutsche Welle. 3 February 2018. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
- ^ "Источник: Сбитый в Сирии самолет оказался российским Су-25". vz.ru.
- ^ "New video message from Ḥurās al-Dīn: "Part of the Works of the Ḥisbah in Sarāqib"". Jihadology/. 15 October 2018.
- ^ "The town of Saraqeb witnesses violent explosions and clashes between Tahrir Al-Sham and ISIS active cells in Idlib province". SOHR. 29 July 2019.
- ^ News Desk (2020-02-06). "Syrian Army captures strategic city of Saraqib". AMN - Al-Masdar News | المصدر نيوز. Archived from the original on 2020-02-06. Retrieved 2020-02-13.
- ^ McKernan, Bethan (2020-02-27). "Syrian rebels retake key town in Idlib from Assad force". The Guardian.com. Retrieved 2020-02-28.
- ^ Backed by Russian airpower, regime forces recapture Saraqib city only four days after Turkish forces and proxy factions captured it
- ^ Suchkov, Maxim A. (2 March 2020). "Intel: What is Russia's next move after Turkish attack on Syrian forces?". Al-Monitor. Retrieved 2020-03-05.
Bibliography
[edit]- Berland, Joseph C. (2004). Customary Strangers: New Perspectives on Peripatetic Peoples in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0897897714.
- Filiu, Jean-Pierre (2011). The Arab Revolution: Ten Lessons from the Democratic Uprising. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199898299.
- Information Department (1960). President Gamal Abdel-Nasser's Speeches and Press-Interviews. Information Department.
- Shoup, John A. (2008). Culture and customs of Syria. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0313344565.
- Gockel, Wolfgang & Bruns, Helga (1998). Syria Lebanon. Nelles Verlag. ISBN 3886181057.
