French
DeutschSmoking bishop
— Ebenezer Scrooge
Smoking Bishop is a type of mulled wine, punch, or wassail, especially popular in Victorian England at Christmas time, and it is mentioned in Dickens' 1843 story A Christmas Carol.[1]
Smoking Bishop was made from port, red wine, lemons or Seville oranges, sugar, and spices such as cloves. The citrus fruit was roasted to caramelise it and the ingredients then warmed together. A myth persists[citation needed] that the name comes from the shape of the traditional bowl, shaped like a bishop's mitre, and that in this form, it was served in medieval guildhalls and universities.
Other variations of drinks known collectively as "ecclesiastics"[2] included[3] the smoking archbishop (made with claret), the smoking beadle (made with ginger wine and raisins), the smoking cardinal (made with Champagne or Rhine wine) and the smoking pope (made with burgundy).
Recipe
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Eliza Acton published a recipe in her Modern Cookery in 1845:
Make several incisions in the rind of a lemon, stick cloves in these, and roast the lemon by a slow fire. Put small but equal quantities of cinnamon, cloves, mace, and allspice, with a race of ginger, into a saucepan with half a pint of water: let it boil until it is reduced one-half. Boil one bottle of port wine, burn a portion of the spirit out of it by applying a lighted paper to the saucepan; put the roasted lemon and spice into the wine ; stir it up well, and let it stand near the fire ten minutes. Rub a few knobs of sugar on the rind of a lemon, put the sugar into a bowl or jug, with the juice of half a lemon (not roasted), pour the wine into it, grate in some nutmeg, sweeten it to the taste, and serve it up with the lemon and spice floating in it.
Bishop is frequently made with a Seville orange stuck with cloves and slowly roasted, and its flavour "to many tastes is infinitely finer" than that of the lemon.[4]
See also
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References
[edit]- ^ Cedric Dickens (1983), Drinking with Dickens, Elevendon Press, p. 54, ISBN 9780882548791,
"A Merry Christmas, Bob!" said Scrooge with an earnestness that could not be mistaken, as he clapped him on the back. "A merrier Christmas, Bob, my good fellow, than I have given you for many a year! I'll raise your salary, and endeavour to assist your struggling family, and we will discuss your affairs this very afternoon over a bowl of smoking bishop, Bob!"
- ^ Bramley, Anne (25 December 2015). "Smoking Bishop: A Boozy Christmas Drink Brimming with English History". NPR. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
- ^ Andrea Broomfield (2007), Food and Cooking in Victorian England, Greenwood, p. 154, ISBN 9780275987084
- ^ Jane Struthers (2012), "A Glass of Bishop", The Book of Christmas, Random House, p. 175, ISBN 9781448148936
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