Strophanthus speciosus
Forest poison rope | |
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Strophanthus speciosus[1] | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Gentianales |
Family: | Apocynaceae |
Genus: | Strophanthus |
Species: | S. speciosus |
Binomial name | |
Strophanthus speciosus | |
Synonyms[3] | |
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Strophanthus speciosus, commonly known as the forest poison rope, is a tree, shrub or woody climber which is native to southern Africa.[4]
Description
[edit]Strophanthus speciosus grows as a tree or shrub up to 4 metres (13 ft) tall, and as a liana up to 16 metres (52 ft) long, with a stem diameter up to 3 centimetres (1.2 in). Its flowers feature a white turning orange corolla, red-streaked on the inside.[5]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]Strophanthus speciosus is native to Zimbabwe, South Africa and Eswatini.[2][5] It occurs in forests and their margins from 300–1,400 metres (1,000–5,000 ft) altitude.[5]
Uses
[edit]Local medicinal uses of S. speciosus include snakebite treatment. The plant has also been used as arrow poison.[5] As with other species of Strophanthus it contains the cardiac glycoside strophanthin - plants of allied genera contain similar compounds.
Gallery
[edit]- Habit
- foliage
- the two-horned fruit capsule, releasing seeds from both horns
- cloudy latex flowing from a scar where a leaf was broken off
References
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- ^ 1868 illustration by Walter Hood Fitch (1817 – 1892) - Curtis's Botanical Magazine v94 (1868) Plate 5713
- ^ a b Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI).; IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group (2019). "Strophanthus speciosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T149511893A149511895. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T149511893A149511895.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
- ^ a b "Strophanthus speciosus". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
- ^ Snyman, Hannelie (Kirstenbosch NBG). "Strophanthus speciosus (Ward & Harv.) Reber". PlantZAfrica. SANBI. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
- ^ a b c d Medicinal Plants. PROTA. 2008. p. 560. ISBN 978-9-05782-204-9.