Timeline of the open-access movement

The following is a timeline of the international movement for open access to scholarly communication.

1940s-1990s

1942
- American sociologist Robert King Merton declares: "Each researcher must contribute to the 'common pot' and give up intellectual property rights to allow knowledge to move forward."^[1]
1971
- "World's first online digital library is launched, Project Gutenberg."^[2]
1987
- Syracuse University in the US issues one of the world's first open access journals, New Horizons in Adult Education (ISSN 1062-3183).^[3]
1991
- 14 August: ArXiv repository of physics research papers established at Los Alamos National Laboratory in the US.
1994
- 27 June: Stevan Harnad posts a "Subversive Proposal" for authors to archive their articles for free for everyone online.
- July 1994. Electronic Green Journal (EGJ) was launched by the University of Idaho Library. Since 2009 it is published by the University of California eScholarship. The EGJ is a peer-reviewed publication devoted to information about international sources on environmental protection, conservation, management of natural resources, and sustainability.
1998
- Brazil-based SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) launched.
- Public Knowledge Project founded in Canada.
- Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition founded in North America.
1999
- October: Open Archives Initiative on interoperability standards holds its first meeting, in New Mexico, US.^[4]

2000s

2000
- BioMed Central publisher established.^[5]
2001
- 15 January: Creative Commons founded in the United States.
- Public Library of Science publisher active.^[5]
- Open Journal Systems free software published.^[6]
- SPARC Europe established to promote open access in Europe.
2002
- 14 February: Budapest Open Access Initiative statement issued.
- 28 June: US-based OAIster catalog begins.
2003
- 11 April: Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing formed.
- 22 October: Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities published.
- 25 December: Institutional Self-Archiving Policy Registry launched (later called ROARMAP).^[7]
- Redalyc (Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y El Caribe, España y Portugal) established in Mexico.
2004
- UK Digital Curation Centre founded.^[1]
- Bielefeld Academic Search Engine launched by Bielefeld University, Germany.
- Publisher Springer begins "hybrid option 'Open Choice' for their full portfolio of over 1,000 subscription journals."^[8]
- 30 January: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development issues "Declaration on Access to Research Data from Public Funding."^[1]
2005
- Directory of Open Access Repositories begins publication.
2007
- European Research Council issues "its first Scientific Council Guidelines for open access."^[9]
2008
- Durham Statement on Open Access to Legal Scholarship written.
- 7 April: United States National Institutes of Health Public Access Policy effected.
- July: Aaron Swartz releases the "Guerilla Open Access Manifesto", to send "a strong message against the privatization of knowledge".
2009
- 12 January: European Commission-funded OpenAIRE project begins, supporting implementation of open access in Europe.^[10]
- Confederation of Open Access Repositories founded.^[11]^[12]

2010s

2010
- "Beall's list" of predatory open access publishers begins circulating.
2011
- 20 January: #icanhazPDF begins on Twitter.
- 5 September: Sci-Hub launched by Alexandra Elbakyan.
- 16 December: United States Research Works Act bill introduced.
- UK-based CORE (COnnecting REpositories) aggregation service founded.
2012
- Knowledge Unlatched established.
- Pasteur4OA (Open Access Policy Alignment Strategies for European Union Research) begins.
- The Cost of Knowledge protest begins against high prices charged by large publisher Elsevier.
- 22 October: Brussels Declaration signed, on open access to Belgian publicly funded research.
2013
- PeerJ megajournal begins publication.
- Registry of Research Data Repositories begins operating.
- 4 October: "Who's Afraid of Peer Review?" published in Science.
2014
- FOSTER Project (Facilitate Open Science Training for European Research) begins.^[1]
2016
- 7 March: Open Data Button (browser extension) launched.^[13]
2017
- April: UnpayWall Button (Browser extension) launched (90 million articles are indexed)
- 10 October: Jussieu Call statement issued
- Plug-in search tool Canary Haz launched to enable access to PDF versions of articles (later renamed Kopernio.com).^[14]^[15]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Guy, Marieke (30 April 2015). "Open Access to Research Data: Timeline". Open Access Working Group. UK: Open Knowledge Foundation.
^ "A Brief Timeline of Open Access". UK: Symplectic. Archived from the original on Jun 25, 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
^ Nancy Pontika (ed.). "Early OA journals". Open Access Directory. US: Simmons School of Library and Information Science. OCLC 757073363. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
^ "OAI Meeting History". Openarchives.org. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
^ ^a ^b Jean-Claude Guédon (2017), Open Access: Toward the Internet of the Mind – via Budapestopenaccessinitiative.org
^ "History", pkp.sfu.ca, Canada: Public Knowledge Project, retrieved 18 June 2018
^ "Timeline of the open access movement: 2003". Open Access Directory. US: Simmons College. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
^ Bo-Christer Björk (2017), "Growth of hybrid open access, 2009–2016", PeerJ, 5: e3878, doi:10.7717/peerj.3878, PMC 5624290, PMID 28975059
^ "Policy: Open Science (Open Access): Chronology". European Commission. Archived from the original on 26 October 2015.
^ "Project Factsheets: OpenAIRE Project". Openaire.eu. Retrieved 4 March 2018.
^ Eloy Rodrigues (2009), DRIVER and COAR: from infrastructure to confederation (PDF) – via Stellenbosch University, DSpace User Group Meeting, Sweden
^ Birgit Schmidt; Iryna Kuchma (2012). Implementing Open Access Mandates in Europe: OpenAIRE Study on the Development of Open Access Repository Communities in Europe. Universitätsverlag Göttingen. ISBN 978-3-86395-095-8 – via Open Access Publishing in European Networks (OAPEN).
^ Singh Chawla, D. (10 March 2016), "Web widget nudges scientists to share their data: Open Data Button launched to encourage public sharing of data sets", Nature, 532 (7597): 136, doi:10.1038/nature.2016.19542, PMID 27078571
^ Singh Chawla, Dalmeet (14 November 2017), "Need a paper? Get a plug-in", Nature.com, vol. 551, no. 7680, pp. 399–400, Bibcode:2017Natur.551..399., doi:10.1038/d41586-017-05922-9, PMID 29144489, A collection of web-browser plug-ins is making the scholarly literature more discoverable
^ "Tag 'oa.kopernio'". Open Access Tracking Project. Harvard University. OCLC 1040261573. Retrieved 14 June 2018.

Citations

"Origins of OA". US: University of Pittsburgh. (Includes timeline)
"History of", Open Access Tracking Project, Harvard University. Also: Milestones. (News feed)
Peter Suber. "History of open access". Harvard University. Compilation of Peter Suber's contributions to the history of open access, 1992–present.
"Timeline of the open access movement". Open Access Directory. This timeline was created and initially maintained by Peter Suber, who crowd-sourced it in February 2009 by moving it to the Open Access Directory.

External links

Declarations in support of OA
Timeline of the open access movement at the Open Access Directory since 2009.

[okfn-1] Guy, Marieke (30 April 2015). "Open Access to Research Data: Timeline". Open Access Working Group. UK: Open Knowledge Foundation.

[2] "A Brief Timeline of Open Access". UK: Symplectic. Archived from the original on Jun 25, 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2018.

[3] Nancy Pontika (ed.). "Early OA journals". Open Access Directory. US: Simmons School of Library and Information Science. OCLC 757073363. Retrieved 24 April 2018.

[4] "OAI Meeting History". Openarchives.org. Retrieved 12 June 2018.

[guedon2017-5] Jean-Claude Guédon (2017), Open Access: Toward the Internet of the Mind – via Budapestopenaccessinitiative.org

[6] "History", pkp.sfu.ca, Canada: Public Knowledge Project, retrieved 18 June 2018

[7] "Timeline of the open access movement: 2003". Open Access Directory. US: Simmons College. Retrieved 20 February 2018.

[bjork2017-8] Bo-Christer Björk (2017), "Growth of hybrid open access, 2009–2016", PeerJ, 5: e3878, doi:10.7717/peerj.3878, PMC 5624290, PMID 28975059

[9] "Policy: Open Science (Open Access): Chronology". European Commission. Archived from the original on 26 October 2015.

[10] "Project Factsheets: OpenAIRE Project". Openaire.eu. Retrieved 4 March 2018.

[11] Eloy Rodrigues (2009), DRIVER and COAR: from infrastructure to confederation (PDF) – via Stellenbosch University, DSpace User Group Meeting, Sweden

[Schmidt2012-12] Birgit Schmidt; Iryna Kuchma (2012). Implementing Open Access Mandates in Europe: OpenAIRE Study on the Development of Open Access Repository Communities in Europe. Universitätsverlag Göttingen. ISBN 978-3-86395-095-8 – via Open Access Publishing in European Networks (OAPEN).

[13] Singh Chawla, D. (10 March 2016), "Web widget nudges scientists to share their data: Open Data Button launched to encourage public sharing of data sets", Nature, 532 (7597): 136, doi:10.1038/nature.2016.19542, PMID 27078571

[nature2017-14] Singh Chawla, Dalmeet (14 November 2017), "Need a paper? Get a plug-in", Nature.com, vol. 551, no. 7680, pp. 399–400, Bibcode:2017Natur.551..399., doi:10.1038/d41586-017-05922-9, PMID 29144489, A collection of web-browser plug-ins is making the scholarly literature more discoverable

[15] "Tag 'oa.kopernio'". Open Access Tracking Project. Harvard University. OCLC 1040261573. Retrieved 14 June 2018.

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v t e Open access
History Timeline
Concepts	Gratis versus libre Subscription business model Subscribe to Open Paywall Copyright transfer agreement Academic journal Scientific journal Manuscript Preprint Postprint Article processing charge Predatory publishing
Statements	Budapest Open Access Initiative Berlin Declaration Bethesda Statement DORA Durham Statement Geneva Declaration NIH Public Access Policy Research Works Act
Strategies	Self-archiving Open-access mandate Open-access repository Hybrid open-access journal Delayed open-access journal
Projects and organizations	The Cost of Knowledge Creative Commons Directory of Open Access Books [Wikidata] Directory of Open Access Journals Initiative for Open Citations Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association OpenAIRE Open Archives Initiative Open Knowledge Foundation Open Society Foundations Plan S Public Library of Science Public Knowledge Project Registry of Open Access Repositories Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition Sci-Hub
By country	Australia Austria Belgium Canada Denmark France Germany Greece Hungary India Republic of Ireland Italy Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Russia South Africa Spain Sweden Ukraine
Other	Access to Knowledge movement Access2Research List of open-access journals
Open content Open data Open education Open government Open hardware Open knowledge Open science Open source

Timeline of the open-access movement

1940s-1990s

2000s

2010s

See also

References

Citations

Further reading

External links