French
DeutschList of diplomatic missions of the United States
The United States has the second most active diplomatic posts of any country in the world after the People's Republic of China,[1] including 271 bilateral posts (embassies and consulates) in 173 countries as well as 11 permanent missions to international organizations and seven other posts (as of November 2023[2]). It maintains "interest sections" (in other states' embassies) in Afghanistan, Iran, North Korea, and Syria.
History
[edit]In December 1777, Morocco became the first nation to seek diplomatic relations with the United States and together they maintain the United States' longest unbroken treaty.[3] Benjamin Franklin established the first overseas mission of the United States in Paris in 1779. On April 19, 1782, John Adams was received by the States-General and the Dutch Republic as they were the first country, together with Morocco and France, to recognize the United States as an independent government. John Adams then became the first U.S. ambassador to the Netherlands[4][5][6][7] and the house that he had purchased there, at Fluwelen Burgwal 18 in The Hague, became the first U.S. embassy in the world.[8]
In the period following the American Revolution, George Washington sent a number of close advisers, including Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Francis Dana, and John Jay, to the courts of European potentates in order to garner recognition of U.S. independence, with mixed results.[9]
The first overseas consulate of the fledgling United States was founded in 1790 in Liverpool, Great Britain, by James Maury Jr., who was appointed by Washington. Maury held the post from 1790 to 1829. Liverpool was at the time Britain's leading port for transatlantic commerce and therefore of great economic importance to the United States.[citation needed] President George Washington, on November 19, 1792, nominated Benjamin Joy of Newbury Port as the first U.S. Consul to Kolkata (then Calcutta), India. Joy was not recognized as consul by the British East India Company but was permitted to "reside here as a Commercial Agent subject to the Civil and Criminal Jurisdiction of this Country."[10] The United States' first owned overseas property is the American Legation in Tangier, which was a gift of the Sultan of Morocco in 1821.[11][12] In general during the nineteenth century, the United States' diplomatic activities were done on a minimal budget.[additional citation(s) needed] The U.S. owned no property abroad and provided no official residences for its foreign envoys, paid them a minimal salary, and gave them the rank of ministers rather than ambassadors who represented the great powers—a position which the U.S. only achieved towards the end of the nineteenth century.[13]
In the latter half of the nineteenth century, the State Department was concerned with expanding commercial ties in Asia, establishing Liberia, foiling diplomatic recognition of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War, and securing its presence in North America. The Confederacy had diplomatic missions in the United Kingdom, France, Belgium, the Papal States, Russia, Mexico, and Spain, and consular missions in Ireland, Canada, Cuba, Italy, Bermuda, and Nassau and New Providence.[14]
The United States' global prominence became evident in the twentieth century, and the State Department was required to invest in a large network of diplomatic missions to manage its bilateral and multilateral relations.[15] The wave of overseas construction began with the creation of the State Department's Foreign Service Buildings Commission in 1926.[13]
Current missions
[edit]Africa
[edit]The U.S. has embassies (or, in the case of Guinea-Bissau, a Liaison office) in all states it recognizes with the exceptions of the Comoros, Libya, São Tomé and Príncipe, and Sudan.
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Embassy in Mbabane -
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Embassy in Yaoundé
Americas
[edit]The U.S. has embassies (or, in the case of Antigua & Barbuda, a consular agency) in all states it recognizes with the exceptions of Dominica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and Venezuela.
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Embassy in Bogotá -
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Consulate-General in Recife -
Consulate-General in Rio de Janeiro -
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Embassy in Buenos Aires -
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Embassy in La Paz -
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Embassy in Montevideo -
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Consulate-General in Quebec City -
Consulate-General in Toronto -
Embassy in Panama City -
Embassy in Paramaribo -
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Embassy in Santiago de Chile -
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Asia
[edit]The U.S. has embassies in all countries it recognizes apart from Afghanistan, Bhutan, Iran, North Korea, Syria, and Yemen. It has 'interests sections' in other nations' embassies in Afghanistan, Iran, North Korea, and Syria. It also has a de facto embassy in Taiwan.
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Consulate-General in Istanbul -
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former Consulate-General in Chengdu (1985-2020) -
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Embassy Branch Office in Tel Aviv -
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American Institute in Taiwan - Main Office in Taipei -
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Europe
[edit]The U.S. has embassies in (or, in the case of Vatican City, near) all countries it recognizes apart from Andorra, Liechtenstein, Monaco, and San Marino.
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Consulate-General in Munich -
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Embassy in Bratislava -
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Consulate-General in Amsterdam -
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Embassy in Ljubljana -
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Consulate-General in Barcelona -
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Consulate-General in Krakow -
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Oceania
[edit]The U.S. has embassies in all countries it recognizes apart from the Cook Islands, Kiribati, Nauru, Niue, and Tuvalu. However, in Kiribati, an embassy is planned to open.[585]
| Host country | Host city | Mission | Concurrent accreditation | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Australia | Canberra | Embassy | [586][587] | |
| Melbourne | Consulate General | |||
| Perth | Consulate General | |||
| Sydney | Consulate General | |||
 Fiji | Suva | Embassy | [588][589] | |
 Marshall Islands | Majuro | Embassy | [590][591] | |
 New Zealand | Wellington | Embassy | Countries: | [592] |
| Auckland | Consulate General | |||
 Micronesia | Kolonia | Embassy | [593] | |
 Palau | Koror | Embassy | [594][595] | |
 Papua New Guinea | Port Moresby | Embassy | [596] | |
 Samoa | Apia | Embassy | [597][598] | |
 Solomon Islands | Honiara | Embassy | [599] | |
 Tonga | Nuku'alofa | Embassy | [600] | |
 Vanuatu | Port Vila | Embassy | [601] |
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Embassy in Kolonia -
International organizations
[edit]| Organization | Host city | Host country | Mission | Concurrent accreditation | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 African Union | Addis Ababa | Ethiopia | Delegation | [602][603] | |
 ASEAN | Jakarta | Indonesia | Mission | [604][605] | |
 Asian Development Bank | Manila | Philippines | Delegation | [606] | |
 European Union | Brussels | Belgium | Mission | [607] | |
| ICAO | Montreal | Canada | Delegation | ||
 NATO | Brussels | Belgium | Mission | [608] | |
| OECD | Paris | France | Delegation | [609] | |
 Organization of American States | Washington, D.C. | United States | Delegation | [610][611] | |
| International Monetary Fund | Washington, D.C. | United States | Permanent Mission | ||
 World Bank | Washington, D.C. | United States | Permanent Mission | ||
 OSCE | Vienna | Austria | Delegation | [612][613] [614][615] | |
| Pacific Community | Nouméa | New Caledonia | Permanent Mission | ||
 United Nations | New York City | United States | Permanent Mission | International Organizations: | [616][617] [618] [619][620] [621][622] [623] |
| Geneva | Switzerland | Delegation | |||
| Nairobi | Kenya | Permanent Mission | |||
| Rome | Italy | Delegations | |||
| Vienna | Austria | Delegations | |||
 UNESCO | Paris | France | Delegation |
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Mission to the United Nations in Geneva
Closed missions
[edit]Africa
[edit]| Host country | Host city | Mission | Year closed | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Algeria | Annaba | Consulate General | 1944 | [624][625] |
| Constantine | Consulate General | 1972 | [624][625] | |
| Oran | Consulate General | 1993 | [625] | |
 Guinea-Bissau | Bissau | Embassy | 1998 | |
 Libya | Tripoli | Embassy | 2014 | [626] |
| Benghazi | Consulate General | 2012 | ||
 Morocco | Tangier | Legation | 1956 | |
 Nigeria | Kaduna | Consulate General | 1956 | [627] |
 Sudan | Khartoum | Embassy | 2023 | |
 Zaire | Bukavu | Consulate General | Unknown | [628] |
| Kisangani | Consulate General | Unknown | [628] | |
| Lubumbashi | Consulate General | 1995 | [629][630] |
Americas
[edit]| Host country | Host city | Mission | Year closed | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Antigua and Barbuda | St. John's | Embassy | 1994 | |
 Colombia | Cartagena | Consulate | 1948 | [631] |
 Texas | Austin | Legation | 1849 | |
 Hawaiian Kingdom | Honolulu | Legation | 1893 | |
 Republic of Hawaii | Honolulu | Legation | 1898 | |
 Venezuela | Caracas | Embassy | 2019 | [632][633] |
| Maracaibo | Consular Agency | 2019 |
Asia
[edit]| Host country | Host city | Mission | Year closed | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Afghanistan | Kabul | Embassy | 2021 | [634][255] |
 China | Nanjing | Embassy | 1950 | |
| Qingdao | Consulate-General | 1950 | ||
| Republic of China | Taipei | Embassy | 1979 | |
 China | Chengdu | Consulate-General | 2020 | [635] |
 Iraq | Basra | Consulate-General | 2018 | [636][637] |
 Iran | Tehran | Embassy | 1979 | |
| Tabriz | Consulate-General | 1979 | ||
 Israel | Haifa | Consular agency | 2019 | [638] |
 Japan | Yokohama | Consulate | 1973 | [639] |
 Philippines | Cebu City | Consulate | Unknown | [640] |
| Davao City | Consulate | Unknown | [640] | |
 South Vietnam | Saigon | Embassy | 1975 | |
 South Yemen | Aden | Embassy | 1969 | [641] |
 Syria | Damascus | Embassy | 2012 | [642] |
 Yemen | Sana'a | Embassy | 2015 | [643] |
Europe
[edit]| Host country | Host city | Mission | Year closed | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Belarus | Minsk | Embassy | 2022 | [644] |
 Germany | Bremen | Consular agency | 2018 | [645] |
 Italy | Genoa | Consulate-General | 1993 | [627][646] |
| Palermo | Consulate | 1994 | [627] | |
 Norway | Bergen | Consulate | 1953 | [647] |
 Portugal | Porto | Consulate | 1966 | [648] |
 Soviet Union | Odessa | Consulate | 1991 | |
 Sweden | Gothenburg | Consulate | 1988 | [649] |
 Russian Empire | Odessa | Consulate | 1918 | |
| Russia | Saint Petersburg | Consulate-General | 2018 | |
| Vladivostok | Consulate-General | 2020 | [650][651] | |
| Yekaterinburg | Consulate-General | 2020 | [652][653] | |
 Ukraine | Lviv | Consular | 2022 | [654] |
 United Kingdom | Birmingham | Consulate | 1965 | [655] |
| Bradford | Consulate | 1953 | [655] | |
| Bristol | Consulate | 1948 | [655] | |
| Cardiff | Consulate | 1963 | [655] | |
| Glasgow | Consulate | 1965 | [655] | |
| Kingston upon Hull | Consulate | 1948 | [655] | |
| Liverpool | Consulate | 1962 | [655] | |
| Manchester | Consulate | 1963 | [655] | |
| Newcastle-on-Tyne | Consulate | 1953 | [655] | |
| Plymouth | Consulate | 1948 | [655] | |
| Southampton | Consulate | 1948 | [655] |
Embassies to open
[edit]
See also
[edit]
- Ambassadors of the United States
- History of United States diplomatic relations by country
- List of countries by number of diplomatic missions
- List of diplomatic missions in the United States
- Terrorist attacks on U.S. diplomatic facilities
- United States Foreign Service
- Diplomatic Security Service
Notes
[edit]- ^ On 5 April 2019, the United States signed a protecting power agreement with Switzerland to represent its interests in Venezuela, however, the agreement is not yet operational as it has not been approved by Maduro's government due to the United States rejecting Maduro's government's proposal to have Turkey as its protecting power as the United States only recognizes Guaidó as interim president. In the meantime, a "Venezuela Affairs Unit" section at the U.S. Embassy in Bogota, Colombia serves as an interim diplomatic office to Venezuela.
- ^ Under the protecting power of Qatar.
- ^ The United States does not have diplomatic relations with North Korea, and as such has its interests represented Sweden, through its embassy in Pyongyang. Nonetheless, the US Embassy in Beijing attends to consular needs of US citizens in North Korea
- ^ Although Hong Kong and Macau are recognized as sovereign territory of China, their status as Special Administrative Regions grants these two territories substantial autonomy such that the Consulate General of the US (and numerous other missions to China) in Hong Kong arranges this post as a separate representation headed by a Chief of Mission with the title of "Ambassador" (as opposed to a subordinate "Consul General") who reports directly to the State Department, bypassing the Embassy in Beijing.
- ^ Under the protecting power of Switzerland.
- ^ The U.S. Embassy in Sanaa suspended operations on February 11, 2015, in the midst of the Yemeni civil war; however, the United States did not sever diplomatic relations with Yemen. Working from the U.S. Embassy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia under the authority of the U.S. Ambassador to Yemen, U.S. diplomats in the Yemen Affairs Unit maintained regular dialogue with the Republic of Yemen Government.
- ^ The embassy suspended operations and closed for normal consular services on February 6th, 2012. Since March 1st, 2013, a U.S. Interests Section operates in Damascus under the protecting power of Czechia. Only emergency services for U.S. citizens are available. Neither U.S. passports nor visas to the United States can be issued in Damascus.
- ^ The United States does not formally recognize the Republic of China on Taiwan. Unofficial relations are conducted through the American Institute in Taiwan, a de facto embassy.
- ^ The U.S. embassy to the Holy See is located outside Vatican territory in Rome.
References
[edit]- ^ "China beats United States to top 2024 Global Diplomacy Index | Lowy Institute". www.lowyinstitute.org. Retrieved 2024-02-25.
- ^ "Lowy Institute Global Diplomacy Index 2024". Lowy Institute. Retrieved 2024-02-25.
- ^ Morocco Country Study Guide. Washington, DC: International Business Publications, USA. April 1, 2006. p. 94. ISBN 9780739715147. Retrieved 17 August 2014.
- ^ Speeches and editorials 2007 – U.S. Embassy The Hague, Netherlands Archived June 12, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Atlantic World – Collections – Memory of the Netherlands – Online ima…". 5 July 2015. Archived from the original on 27 January 2018.
- ^ "The Adams Timeline". The Massachusetts Historical Society. Archived from the original on 2011-08-06. Retrieved 2012-10-25.
- ^ history John Adams Institute (Netherlands)(archive)
- ^ US embassy report on Dutch-American Friendship Day. (archive)
- ^ United States Department of State, Timeline of U.S. Diplomatic History, 1775–1783 Diplomacy and the American Revolution. Accessed 29 August 2008.
- ^ "U.S. Consulate General Kolkata". U.S. Embassy & Consulates in India. Retrieved 2017-01-02.
- ^ "American History on Foreign Soil: The Tangier American Legation in Morocco | National Trust for Historic Preservation". savingplaces.org. Retrieved 2023-08-29.
- ^ Aitken, Lauren (2023-08-21). "Tangier Old Legation: America's First Diplomatic Property". The National Museum of American Diplomacy. Retrieved 2023-08-29.
- ^ a b Loeffler, Jane C. (1998). Architecture of Diplomacy: Building America. Princeton Architectural Press. p. 13.
- ^ "Confederate States of America records, 1854–1889". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2012-10-25.
- ^ United States Department of State, Websites of U.S. Embassies, Consulates, and Diplomatic Missions Archived 2008-12-05 at the Wayback Machine. Accessed 29 August 2008.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in Algeria. Retrieved 2022-04-07.
- ^ "Embassy". U.S. Embassy in Algeria. Retrieved 2022-04-07.
- ^ "الصفحة الرئيسية". سفارة الولايات المتحدة في الجزائر (in Arabic). Retrieved 2022-04-07.
- ^ "السفارة". سفارة الولايات المتحدة في الجزائر (in Arabic). Retrieved 2022-04-07.
- ^ "Accueil". Ambassade des États-Unis en Algérie (in French). Retrieved 2022-04-07.
- ^ "Ambassade". Ambassade des États-Unis en Algérie (in French). Retrieved 2022-04-07.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in Angola. Retrieved 2022-04-07.
- ^ "Embassy". U.S. Embassy in Angola. Retrieved 2022-04-07.
- ^ "PT Homepage". Embaixada Dos Estados Unidos Angola (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-04-07.
- ^ "Embaixadas". Embaixada Dos Estados Unidos Angola (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-04-07.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in Benin. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "U.S. Embassy Cotonou". U.S. Embassy in Benin. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "FR Homepage". Ambassade des Etats-Unis près le Bénin (in French). Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Ambassade des États-Unis Cotonou". Ambassade des Etats-Unis près le Bénin (in French). Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in Botswana. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Embassy". U.S. Embassy in Botswana. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in Burkina Faso. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Embassy". U.S. Embassy in Burkina Faso. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "FR Homepage". Ambassade des Etats-Unis au Burkina Faso (in French). Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Ambassade". Ambassade des Etats-Unis au Burkina Faso (in French). Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in Burundi. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Embassy". U.S. Embassy in Burundi. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in Cameroon. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Homepage". Ambassade des États-Unis au Cameroun (in French). Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in Cabo Verde. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Embassy". U.S. Embassy in Cabo Verde. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "PT Homepage". Embaixada dos EUA em Cabo Verde (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Embaixada". Embaixada dos EUA em Cabo Verde (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in Central African Republic. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Embassy". U.S. Embassy in Central African Republic. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Page d'accueil". Ambassade des États-Unis en République centrafricaine (in French). Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Ambassade". Ambassade des États-Unis en République centrafricaine (in French). Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in Chad. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Homepage-fr". Ambassade des Etats-Unis au Tchad (in French). Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in the Republic of the Congo. Retrieved 2022-04-09.
- ^ "Embassy". U.S. Embassy in the Republic of the Congo. Retrieved 2022-04-09.
- ^ "FR Homepage". Ambassade des Etats-Unis en République du Congo (in French). Retrieved 2022-04-09.
- ^ "Ambassade". Ambassade des Etats-Unis en République du Congo (in French). Retrieved 2022-04-09.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Embassy". U.S. Embassy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "FR Homepage". Ambassade des Etats-Unis en République démocratique du Congo (in French). Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Ambassade". Ambassade des Etats-Unis en République démocratique du Congo (in French). Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in Djibouti. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Embassy". U.S. Embassy in Djibouti. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in Egypt. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Embassy". U.S. Embassy in Egypt. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "AR Homepage". سفارة الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية في مصر (in Arabic). Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "السفارة وقنصليتها". سفارة الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية في مصر (in Arabic). Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "U.S. Consulate General Alexandria Opens Its Doors". U.S. Embassy in Egypt. 2 November 2016. Retrieved 2023-04-27.
- ^ "القنصلية العامة الأمريكية بالإسكندرية تفتح أبوابها". سفارة الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية في مصر (in Arabic). 2 November 2016. Retrieved 2023-04-23.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in Equatorial Guinea. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Embassy". U.S. Embassy in Equatorial Guinea. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "ES Homepage". Embajada de EE.UU. en Guinea Ecuatorial (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Embajada de Estados Unidos". Embajada de EE.UU. en Guinea Ecuatorial (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in Eritrea. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Embassy". U.S. Embassy in Eritrea. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in Eswatini. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "U.S. Embassy Mbabane". U.S. Embassy in Eswatini. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
- ^ "Homepage". U.S. Embassy in Ethiopia. Retrieved 2022-04-08.