Hugh Esmor Huxley FRS (25 de fevereiro de 1924) é um biólogo britânico. Fez importantes descobertas na fisiologia do músculo.
Ele era graduado em física pelo Christ's College, Cambridge. No entanto, sua educação foi interrompida por cinco anos pela Segunda Guerra Mundial, durante a qual serviu na Força Aérea Real. Sua contribuição para o desenvolvimento do radar lhe rendeu um MBE.[1][2][3][4][5][6]
Huxley foi o primeiro aluno de doutorado do Laboratório de Biologia Molecular do Conselho de Pesquisa Médica de Cambridge, onde trabalhou em estudos de difração de raios X em fibras musculares. Na década de 1950, ele foi um dos primeiros a usar a microscopia eletrônica para estudar espécimes biológicos. Durante seu pós-doutorado no Massachusetts Institute of Technology, ele, com o colega pesquisador Jean Hanson, descobriu o princípio subjacente do movimento muscular, popularizado como a teoria dos filamentos deslizantes em 1954. Após 15 anos de pesquisa, ele propôs a "hipótese da ponte cruzada oscilante" em 1969, que se tornou a compreensão moderna da base molecular da contração muscular e de muitas outras motilidades celulares.[7][8]
Huxley trabalhou na University College London por sete anos e no Laboratory of Molecular Biology por quinze anos, onde foi vice-diretor desde 1979. Entre 1987 e 1997, foi professor na Brandeis University em Massachusetts, onde passou o resto de sua vida como professor emérito.
- John Finch; 'A Nobel Fellow On Every Floor', Medical Research Council 2008, 381 pp, ISBN 978-1840469-40-0; this book is all about the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge.
- ↑ Holmes, K. C. (2013). «Hugh Esmor Huxley (1924-2013)». Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 110 (46): 18344–18345. Bibcode:2013PNAS..11018344H. PMC 3832017
. PMID 24173032. doi:10.1073/pnas.1318966110
- ↑ «Professor Hugh Esmor Huxley MBE FRS | Christs College Cambridge». Christs.cam.ac.uk. 25 de julho de 2013. Cópia arquivada em 16 de setembro de 2013
- ↑ The Official Site of Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize
- ↑ Hugh Huxley, editor "Memories and Consequences: Visiting Scientists at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge", Medical Research Council, 2013, ISBN 978-184831-646-1. This book is collection of 41 essays by some of the many visiting scientists to the MRC LMB in Cambridge, England, during the period 1957-1986.
- ↑ John Finch; 'A Nobel Fellow On Every Floor', Medical Research Council 2008, 381 pp, ISBN 978-1-84046-940-0; this book is all about the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge.
- ↑ Weeds, Alan (2013). «Hugh Huxley (1924–2013)». Nature. 500 (7464). 530 páginas. Bibcode:2013Natur.500..530W. PMID 23985864. doi:10.1038/500530a
- ↑ Weber, A (2002). «Hugh E. Huxley: birth of the filament sliding model of muscle contraction». Trends in Cell Biology. 12 (5): 243–245. PMID 12062173. doi:10.1016/S0962-8924(02)02270-5
- ↑ Pollard, Thomas D.; Goldman, Yale E. (2013). «Remembrance of Hugh E. Huxley, a founder of our field». Cytoskeleton. 70 (9): 471–475. PMID 24106169. doi:10.1002/cm.21141
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1951: Howard Florey e Ian Heilbron • 1952: Frederic Bartlett e Christopher Kelk Ingold • 1953: Paul Fildes e Nevill Francis Mott • 1954: Hans Krebs e John Cockcroft • 1955: Vincent Wigglesworth e Alexander Todd • 1956: Owen Thomas Jones e Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin • 1957: Frederick Gugenheim Gregory e William Vallance Douglas Hodge • 1958: Alan Hodgkin e Harrie Massey • 1959: Peter Brian Medawar e Rudolf Peierls • 1960: Roy Cameron e Bernard Lovell • 1961: Wilfrid Le Gros Clark e Cecil Frank Powell • 1962: John Eccles e Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar • 1963: Herbert Harold Read e Robert Hill • 1964: Francis Brambell e Michael James Lighthill • 1965: Henry Charles Husband, John Kendrew e Raymond Lyttleton • 1966: Christopher Cockerell, Frank Yates e John Ashworth Ratcliffe • 1967: Joseph Hutchinson, John Zachary Young e Cecil Edgar Tilley • 1968: Gilbert Roberts, Walter Thomas James Morgan e Michael Atiyah • 1969: Charles William Oatley, Frederick Sanger e George Deacon • 1970: John Fleetwood Baker, William Albert Hugh Rushton e Kingsley Charles Dunham • 1971: Percy Edward Kent, Max Perutz e Gerhard Herzberg • 1972: Wilfrid Bennett Lewis, Francis Crick e Derek Barton • 1973: Edward Abraham, Rodney Porter e Martin Ryle • 1974: Sydney Brenner, George Edwards e Fred Hoyle • 1975: Barnes Wallis, David Chilton Phillips e Edward Bullard • 1976: Alan Walsh, James Learmonth Gowans e John Cornforth • 1977: John Adams, Hugh Huxley e Peter Hirsch • 1978: Tom Kilburn, Roderic Alfred Gregory e Abdus Salam • 1979: Vernon Ellis Cosslett, Hans Walter Kosterlitz e Frederick Charles Frank • 1980: John Paul Wild, Henry Harris e Denys Wilkinson • 1981: Ralph Riley, Marthe Louise Vogt e Geoffrey Wilkinson • 1982: César Milstein, William Hawthorne e Richard Dalitz • 1983: Daniel Joseph Bradley, Wilhelm Siegmund Feldberg e John Kingman • 1984: Alexander Lamb Cullen, Mary Frances Lyon e Alan Battersby • 1985: John Argyris, John Gurdon e Roger Penrose • 1986: Eric Ash, Richard Doll e Rex Richards • 1987: Gustav Victor Rudolf Born, Eric James Denton e Francis Graham-Smith • 1988: Harold Barlow, Winifred Watkins e George Batchelor • 1989: John Vane, David Weatherall e John Charles Polanyi • 1990: Olgierd Zienkiewicz, Anne McLaren e Michael Berry • 1991: Basil John Mason, Michael Berridge e Dan Peter McKenzie • 1992: David Tabor, Michael Anthony Epstein e Simon Donaldson • 1993: Rodney Hill, Horace Barlow e Volker Heine • 1994: Salvador Moncada, Eric Mansfield e Sivaramakrishna Chandrasekhar • 1995: Donald Metcalf, Paul Nurse e Robert Williams • 1996: Robert Hinde, Jack Heslop-Harrison e Andrew Wiles • 1997: Geoffrey Eglinton, John Maynard Smith e Donald Hill Perkins • 1998: Edwin Southern, Ricardo Miledi e Donald Charlton Bradley • 1999: John Frank Davidson, Patrick David Wall e Archibald Howie • 2000: Tim Berners-Lee, Geoffrey Burnstock e Keith Usherwood Ingold |
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