Block (periodic table) - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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A block on the periodic table is a group of elements that all have their electrons in the same atomic orbital. There are four blocks, s-, d-, f, and p-.[1] The word "block" was first used to describe this by Charles Janet.[2]
Group → | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
↓ Period | |||||||||||||||||||
1 | 1 H | 2 He | |||||||||||||||||
2 | 3 Li | 4 Be | 5 B | 6 C | 7 N | 8 O | 9 F | 10 Ne | |||||||||||
3 | 11 Na | 12 Mg | 13 Al | 14 Si | 15 P | 16 S | 17 Cl | 18 Ar | |||||||||||
4 | 19 K | 20 Ca | 21 Sc | 22 Ti | 23 V | 24 Cr | 25 Mn | 26 Fe | 27 Co | 28 Ni | 29 Cu | 30 Zn | 31 Ga | 32 Ge | 33 As | 34 Se | 35 Br | 36 Kr | |
5 | 37 Rb | 38 Sr | 39 Y | 40 Zr | 41 Nb | 42 Mo | 43 Tc | 44 Ru | 45 Rh | 46 Pd | 47 Ag | 48 Cd | 49 In | 50 Sn | 51 Sb | 52 Te | 53 I | 54 Xe | |
6 | 55 Cs | 56 Ba | 57 La | ![]() | 72 Hf | 73 Ta | 74 W | 75 Re | 76 Os | 77 Ir | 78 Pt | 79 Au | 80 Hg | 81 Tl | 82 Pb | 83 Bi | 84 Po | 85 At | 86 Rn |
7 | 87 Fr | 88 Ra | 89 Ac | ![]() | 104 Rf | 105 Db | 106 Sg | 107 Bh | 108 Hs | 109 Mt | 110 Ds | 111 Rg | 112 Cn | 113 Nh | 114 Fl | 115 Mc | 116 Lv | 117 Ts | 118 Og |
8 | 119 Uue | 120 Ubn | 121 Ubu | ||||||||||||||||
![]() | 58 Ce | 59 Pr | 60 Nd | 61 Pm | 62 Sm | 63 Eu | 64 Gd | 65 Tb | 66 Dy | 67 Ho | 68 Er | 69 Tm | 70 Yb | 71 Lu | |||||
![]() | 90 Th | 91 Pa | 92 U | 93 Np | 94 Pu | 95 Am | 96 Cm | 97 Bk | 98 Cf | 99 Es | 100 Fm | 101 Md | 102 No | 103 Lr | |||||
![]() | 122 Ubb | 123 Ubt | 124 Ubq | 125 Ubp | 126 Ubh | 127 Ubs | |||||||||||||
Blocks
[change | change source]p-block
[change | change source]The p-block is on the right side of the periodic table. Elements from groups 13-18 are in the p-block.
d-block
[change | change source]The d-block is in the middle of the periodic table. Elements from groups 3 to 12 are in the d-block.
f-block
[change | change source]The f-block is shown in green in the illustration above. The elements 57 to 71 are called Lanthanides, elements 89 to 103 are called Actinides.
s-block
[change | change source]The s-block is on the left side of the periodic table. Elements from groups 1-2 are in the s-block.
References
[change | change source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Jensen, William B. (21 March 2015). "The positions of lanthanum (actinium) and lutetium (lawrencium) in the periodic table: an update". Foundations of Chemistry. 17: 23–31. doi:10.1007/s10698-015-9216-1. S2CID 98624395.
- ↑ Charles Janet, La classification hélicoïdale des éléments chimiques, Beauvais, 1928