Forza Italia - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Forza Italia | |
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President | Silvio Berlusconi |
Vice President | Giulio Tremonti (2004–2009) Roberto Formigoni (2008–2009) |
Founded | 18 January 1994 |
Dissolved | 27 March 2009 |
Merged into | The People of Freedom |
Headquarters | Via dell'Umiltà 36, Rome |
Student wing | Students for the Freedoms |
Youth wing | Forza Italia – Young People for Freedom |
Membership (2007) | 400,000[1] |
Ideology | Liberal conservatism[2][3] Christian democracy[4] Liberalism[4] Populism[5][6][7] Social democracy[4] (minority) |
Political position | Centre-right[8] |
National affiliation | Pole of Freedoms/Pole of Good Government (1994), Pole for Freedoms (1996–2001), House of Freedoms (2001–2008) |
European affiliation | European People's Party (1999–2009) |
European Parliament group | Forza Europa (1994–1995), Union for Europe (1995–1998), EPP–ED (1998–2009) |
Colours | Azure |
Forza Italia (FI; translated to "Forward Italy"[2][9][10][11][12][13] or "Let's Go Italy"[14][15][16][17]) was a centre-right[8] political party in Italy with liberal-conservative,[2][3][18][19] Christian-democratic,[4][8][20] liberal,[4][8][20][21] social-democratic[4] and populist[5][6][7] ideas. Its leader was Silvio Berlusconi, who was Prime Minister of Italy four times.
References
[change | change source]- ↑ ""Forza Italia ha raggiunto quota 400mila iscritti"". Il Giornale. 10 March 2007. Archived from the original on 3 February 2018. Retrieved 6 May 2018.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Nordsieck, Wolfram. "Italy". Parties and Elections in Europe. Archived from the original on 31 October 2007. Retrieved 18 May 2018.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ruzza; Fella (2009). Re-inventing the Italian Right. p. 128.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Chiara Moroni, Da Forza Italia al Popolo della Libertà, Carocci, Rome 2008
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Woods, Dwayne (2014). The Many Faces of Populism in Italy: The Northern League and Berlusconism. Emerald Group. pp. 28, 41–44.
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ignored (help) - ↑ 6.0 6.1 Ruzza; Fella (2009). Re-inventing the Italian Right. pp. 136–140, 217–218.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 von Beyme, Klaus (2011). Representative democracy and the populist temptation. Cambridge University Press. pp. 59, 64–65.
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ignored (help) - ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Maurizio Cotta; Luca Verzichelli (12 May 2007). Political Institutions of Italy. Oxford University Press. p. 39. ISBN 978-0-19-928470-2. Retrieved 24 August 2012.
- ↑ Michael J. Romano (4 October 2010). CliffsNotes AP European History with CD-ROM. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 231–. ISBN 978-0-470-55100-4.
- ↑ Bertrand Badie; Dirk Berg-Schlosser; Leonardo Morlino (7 September 2011). International Encyclopedia of Political Science. SAGE Publications. pp. 1796–. ISBN 978-1-4522-6649-7.
- ↑ Thomas Jansen; Steven Van Hecke (2011). At Europe's Service: The Origins and Evolution of the European People's Party. Springer. p. 63. ISBN 978-3-642-19414-6.
- ↑ Tom Lansford (24 March 2015). Political Handbook of the World 2015. SAGE Publications. pp. 3066–. ISBN 978-1-4833-7155-9.
- ↑ Donatella M. Viola (14 August 2015). Routledge Handbook of European Elections. Routledge. pp. 115–. ISBN 978-1-317-50363-7.
- ↑ Stephen Gundle; Simon Parker (1 November 2002). The New Italian Republic: From the Fall of the Berlin Wall to Berlusconi. Routledge. pp. 135–. ISBN 978-1-134-80791-8.
- ↑ Peter Mair; Wolfgang C Müller; Fritz Plasser (9 June 2004). Political Parties and Electoral Change: Party Responses to Electoral Markets. SAGE Publications. pp. 144–. ISBN 978-0-7619-4719-6.
- ↑ Stephen P. Koff (7 March 2013). Italy: From the 1st to the 2nd Republic. Routledge. pp. 44–. ISBN 978-1-134-64369-1.
- ↑ J. Colomer (5 January 2016). The Handbook of Electoral System Choice. Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 244–. ISBN 978-0-230-52274-9.
- ↑ Orsina, Giovanni (2014). Berlusconism and Italy: A Historical Interpretation. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 169.
- ↑ Svante Ersson; Jan-Erik Lane (1999). Politics and Society in Western Europe. SAGE. p. 108. ISBN 978-0-7619-5862-8. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 Carol Diane St Louis (2011). Negotiating Change: Approaches to and the Distributional Implications of Social Welfare and Economic Reform. Stanford University. p. 132. STANFORD:RW793BX2256. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
- ↑ Oreste Massari, I partiti politici nelle democrazie contempoiranee, Laterza, Rome-Bari 2004