September 7 - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

September 7 is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 115 days remaining until the end of the year.

• 70 – A Roman army under Titus occupies and plunders Jerusalem.
• 878 – King Louis II of France is crowned by Pope John VIII.
• 1159 – Pope Alexander II is chosen.
• 1191 – Third Crusade: Battle of Asruf - Richard I of England defeats Saladin at Asruf.
• 1228 – Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor lands at Acre, Palestine, starting the Sixth Crusade.
• 1533 – Future-Queen Elizabeth I of England is born, as the daughter of Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII of England, who had expected a male heir to the throne.
• 1571 – Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk is arrested for his role in the Ridolf plot to assassinate Elizabeth I of England and replace her on the throne with Mary, Queen of Scots.
• 1706 – War of the Spanish Succession: Siege of Turin ends, leading to a French withdrawal from Italy.
• 1764 – Election of Stanislaw August Poniatowski as the last ruler of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
• 1776 – World's first submarine attack. The American submarine Turtle tried to put a time bomb on the hull of British Admiral Richard Howe's flagship Eagle in New York Harbor.
• 1778 – American Revolutionary War: France invades Dominica in the British West Indies, before Britain is even aware of France's involvement in the war, on the US' side.
• 1812 – Napoleonic Wars: Napoleon defeated the Russian army of Alexander I near the village of Borodino.
• 1818 – Carl III of Sweden-Norway became king of Norway, in Trondheim.
• 1822 – Brazil becomes independent from Portugal.
• 1837 – French explorer Jules Dumont D'Urville starts his expedition to Antarctica.
• 1853 – German explorer Heinrich Barth enters Timbuktu.
• 1860 – Unification of Italy: Giuseppe Garibaldi enters Naples.
• 1864 – American Civil War: Atlanta, Georgia is evacuated on orders of Union General William Tecumseh Sherman.
• 1876 – In Northfield, Minnesota, Jesse James and the James Younger-Gang attempt to rob the town's bank, but are driven off by armed citizens.
• 1895 – The first game of what later becomes rugby league football is played in England.

• 1901 – The Boxer Rebellion in China ends with the signing of the Peking Protocol.
• 1906 – Alberto Santos-Dumont flies his 14-bis aircraft at Bagatelle, France successfully.
• 1907 – The Cunard Line's RMS Lusitania sets sail on her first voyage from Liverpool in the UK to New York City in the US.
• 1909 – Eugène Lefebvre crashes a new French-built Wright biplane during a test flight at Juvisy, south of Paris, and dies as a result. He becomes the first 'pilot' in the world to lose his life in a powered heavier-than-air flight.
• 1911 – French poet Guillaume Apollinaire is arrested and put in jail. It was believed that he took the Mona Lisa from the Louvre museum. He is later found to be innocent.
• 1921 – In Atlantic City, New Jersey, the first Miss America beauty pageant is held.
• 1922 – In Aydin, Turkey, independence from Greek occupation is declared.
• 1922 – The Bank of Latvia is founded.
• 1927 – The first fully electronic television system is achieved by Philo T. Farnsworth.
• 1929 – Finnish passenger steamer Kuru sinks, killing 136 people.
• 1932 – Chaco War between Paraguay and Bolivia: Start of the Battle of Boquerón.
• 1936 – The last-surviving member of the thylacine species dies in the Hobart Zoo, Hobart, Tasmania.
• 1940 – World War II: The Blitz – Nazi Germany begins to bomb London. This will be the first of 57 nights of bombing.
• 1940 – Treaty of Craiova: Romania loses Southern Dobrudja to Bulgaria.
• 1942 – World War II: Australian and American forces inflict a significant defeat on Japan at the Battle of Milne Bay.
• 1943 – A fire at the Gulf Hotel in Houston, Texas kills 55 people.
• 1945 – World War II: Japanese forces on Wake Island, which they had held since 1941, surrender to US Marines.
• 1949 – The German Bundestag, parliament of West Germany and later the whole of Germany, meets for the first time. So does the Bundesrat, whose leader Karl Arnold is the first acting President of the Federal Republic.

• 1953 – Nikita Khrushchev becomes head of the Soviet Central Committee.
• 1953 – Mohammed Daoud Khan becomes Premier of Afghanistan.
• 1955 – Floods in India make around 45 million people homeless. It is not known how many people died.
• 1963 – The Pro Football Hall of Fame opens in Canton, Ohio.
• 1965 – Vietnam War: In a follow-up to August's Operation Starlight, United States Marines and South Vietnamese forces initiate Operation Pirahna on the Batangan Peninsula.
• 1970 – An anti-war rally is held at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, attended by John Kerry, Jane Fonda and Donald Sutherland.
• 1977 – The Torrijos-Carter Treaties between Panama and the United States on the status of the Panama Canal are signed. The US agrees to transfer control of the canal to Panama at the end of the 20th century.
• 1978 – While walking across Waterloo Bridge in London, Bulgarian dissident Georgi Markov is targeted by Bulgarian secret police agent Francesco Giullino by means of a ricin pellet fired from a specially-designed umbrella. He dies as a result of the attack four days later.
• 1979 – The Entertainment and Sports Programming Network (ESPN) makes its debut.
• 1986 – Desmond Tutu becomes the first black to lead the Anglican Church in South Africa.
• 1986 – Chilean leader Augusto Pinochet escapes an assassination attempt.
• 1987 – East German leader Erich Honecker visits West Germany.
• 1996 – In Las Vegas, Nevada, actor and rapper Tupac Shakur is shot several times after attending a boxing match.
• 1998 – Google Inc. is founded.
• 1999 – A major earthquake close to Athens, Greece results to the collapse of few buildings in the area. About 150 people are killed.

• 2004 – The Serbian government backs a decision by Ljiljana Colic to require the teaching of both creationism and evolution in schools.
• 2004 – Hurricane Ivan hits Grenada, killing 39 people.
• 2005 – Egypt holds its first multi-party election.
• 2008 – The US Government takes over the mortgage financial companies Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
• 2011 – A plane carrying the Russian Lokomotiv Yaroslavl ice hockey team crashes shortly after take-off, killing 43 of the 45 people on board, with one, Alexander Galimov, dying five days later. Some of Europe's leading ice hockey players are among those killed in the crash, as only the flight engineer, Alexander Sizov, survives.
• 2012 – Several earthquakes strike southern China, with at least 80 people being killed.
• 2012 – Canada breaks off diplomatic relations with Iran over its stance on the political crisis in Syria.
• 2013 – The Liberal Party of Australia-led coaltion, under leadership of Tony Abbott, defeats Kevin Rudd's Australian Labor Party in Australia's general election.
• 2013 – Tokyo wins the right to host the 2020 Summer Olympics.
• 2017 – The 2017 Chiapas earthquake strikes in Mexico.
• 2019 – Bianca Andreescu becomes the first tennis player born in the 2000s to win a Grand Slam singles title, winning the Women's Final at the US Open against Serena Williams.

• 786 – Emperor Saga of Japan (d. 842)
• 1388 – Gian Maria Visconti, Duke of Milan (d. 1412)
• 1438 – Louis II, Landgrave of Lower Hesse (d. 1471)
• 1492 – Jacob Acontius, Italian humanist, philosopher, jurist and engineer (d. 1567)
• 1524 – Thomas Erastus, Swiss physician and theologian (d. 1583)
• 1533 – Elizabeth I, Queen of England (d. 1603)
• 1641 – Tokugawa Ietsuna, Japanese shogun (d. 1680)
• 1674 – Ernest Augustus, Duke of York and Albany (d. 1728)
• 1683 – Mary Anne of Austria, Queen of Portugal (d. 1754)
• 1694 – Johan Ludvig, Danish politician (d. 1763)
• 1707 – Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, French naturalist, biologist and writer (d. 1788)
• 1726 – François-André Danican Philidor, French chess player and composer (d. 1795)
• 1731 – Elisabetta de Gambarini, English composer, singer, organist and harpsichordist (d. 1765)
• 1740 – Johan Tobias Sergel, Swedish sculptor (d. 1814)
• 1795 – John Polidori, English writer (d. 1821)
• 1807 – Henry Sewell, 1st Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1879)
• 1810 – Hermann Heinrich Gossen, Prussian economist (d. 1858)
• 1813 – Emil Korytko, Polish political activist and translator (d. 1839)
• 1815 – John McDouall Stuart, Scottish-Australian explorer (d. 1866)
• 1815 – Howell Cobb, American politician, Governor of Georgia (d. 1868)
• 1817 – Louise of Hesse-Kassel (d. 1898)
• 1818 – Thomas Talbot, 31st Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1886)
• 1819 – Thomas A. Hendricks, 21st Vice President of the United States and 16th Governor of Indiana (d. 1885)
• 1829 – Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz, German chemist and naturalist (d. 1896)
• 1831 – Alexandre Falguiere, French sculptor and painter (d. 1900)
• 1836 – Henry Campbell-Bannerman, Scottish Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1908)
• 1842 – Johannes Zukertort, German chess player (d. 1888)
• 1859 – Juan Campisteguy, President of Uruguay (d. 1937)
• 1860 – Grandma Moses, American painter (d. 1961)
• 1866 – Tristan Bernard, French playwright and novelist (d. 1947)
• 1867 – J. P. Morgan, American banker (d. 1943)
• 1869 – Ben Viljoen, South African general (d. 1917)
• 1870 – Aleksandr Kuprin, Russian writer and adventurer (d. 1938)
• 1870 – Thomas Curtis, American athlete (d. 1964)
• 1876 – Francesco Buhagiar, 2nd Prime Minister of Malta (d. 1934)
• 1876 – C. J. Dennis, Australian poet (d. 1938)
• 1885 – Elinor Wylie, American poet and novelist (d. 1928)
• 1887 – Edith Sitwell, English poet and critic (d. 1964)
• 1894 – Vic Richardson, Australian cricketer, footballer and sportscaster (d. 1969)
• 1894 – Gala Dali, wife of Salvador Dalí (d. 1982)
• 1895 – Jacques Vaché, French writer (d. 1919)
• 1898 – Mamie Rearden, American supercentenarian (d. 2013)
• 1900 – Taylor Caldwell, American novelist (d. 1985)
• 1900 – Giuseppe Zangara, Italian attempted-assassin of Franklin D. Roosevelt (d. 1945)

• 1908 – Michael E. DeBakey, American heart surgeon (d. 2008)
• 1908 – Max Kaminsky, American trumpeter and bandleader (d. 1994)
• 1909 – Elia Kazan, Greek-born American movie and theatre director (d. 2003)
• 1911 – Todor Zhivkov, Bulgarian Communist political leader (d. 1998)
• 1912 – Henry Packard, American businessman (d. 1996)
• 1913 – Anthony Quayle, British actor and director (d. 1989)
• 1914 – James Van Allen, American scientist (d. 2006)
• 1915 – Kiyoshi Ito, Japanese mathematician (d. 2008)
• 1917 – John Cornforth, Australian chemist (d. 2013)
• 1918 – Jorge Illueca, 38th President of Panama (d. 2012)
• 1921 – Peter A. Peyser, American politician (d. 2014)
• 1923 – Louise Suggs, American golfer (d. 2015)
• 1923 – Peter Lawford, British-American actor (d. 1984)
• 1924 – Daniel Inouye, Hawaiian United States Senator (d. 2012)
• 1925 – Laura Ashley, Welsh designer (d. 1985)
• 1925 – Allan Blakeney, Canadian politician (d. 2011)
• 1926 – Erich Juskowiak, German footballer (d. 1983)
• 1926 – Don Messick, American voice actor (d. 1997)
• 1926 – Ronnie Gilbert, American folk singer, songwriter, actress and activist (d. 2014)
• 1926 – Samuel Goldwyn, Jr., American film producer (d. 2015)
• 1926 – Patrick Jenkin, English politician
• 1927 – Eric Hill, English writer and illustrator (d. 2014)
• 1929 – Bobby Johnstone, Scottish footballer (d. 2001)
• 1930 – Sonny Rollins, American jazz musician
• 1930 – Baudouin I, King of Belgium (d. 1993)
• 1931 – Charles Camilleri, Maltese composer (d. 2009)
• 1931 – Bruce Reynolds, British train robber (d. 2013)
• 1934 – Sunil Gangopadhyay, Indian writer and poet (d. 2012)
• 1934 – Omar Karami, former Prime Minister of Lebanon (d. 2015)
• 1935 – Alan Steel, Italian bodybuilder and actor (d. 2015)
• 1935 – Abdou Diouf, 2nd President of Senegal
• 1935 – Pedro Manfredini, Argentine footballer
• 1936 – Buddy Holly, American singer (d. 1959)
• 1937 – Oleg Lobov, Russian politician
• 1937 – Olly Wilson, American pianist, bassist and composer
• 1939 – Stanislav Petrov, Soviet-Russian lieutenant colonel (d. 2017)
• 1940 – Abdurrahman Wahid, 4th President of Indonesia (d. 2009)
• 1940 – Dario Argento, Italian movie director and screenwriter
• 1944 – Bora Milutinovic, Serbian footballer and coach
• 1945 – Jacques Lemaire, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1946 – Francisco Varela, Chilean biologist and philosopher (d. 2001)
• 1949 – Barry Siegel, American journalist
• 1949 – Gloria Gaynor, American singer
• 1950 – Julie Kavner, American voice actress

• 1951 – Chrissie Hynde, American guitarist and singer
• 1952 – Des Bremner, Scottish footballer
• 1954 – Michael Emerson, American actor
• 1954 – Corbin Bernsen, American actor
• 1955 – Efim Zelmanov, Russian mathematician
• 1956 – Diane Warren, American composer
• 1957 – Jermaine Stewart, American singer (Culture Club) (d. 1997)
• 1957 – Alok Sharma, Indian-English politician
• 1958 – Goran Hadzic, Serbian politician (d. 2016)
• 1959 – Alfred Gislason, Icelandic handball coach
• 1959 – Ray Stewart, Scottish footballer
• 1960 – Brad Houser, American bass guitarist, baritone saxophone and bass clarinet player
• 1960 – Phillip Rhee, American actor, martial artist, director and producer
• 1961 – Jean-Yves Thibaudet, French pianist
• 1962 – Jennifer Egan, American writer
• 1962 – Hasan Vezir, Turkish footballer and manager
• 1963 – Eazy-E, American rapper (d. 1995)
• 1964 – Andy Hug, Swiss martial artist and kickboxer (d. 2000)
• 1965 – Darko Pancev, Macedonian footballer
• 1965 – Andreas Thom, German footballer
• 1968 – Marcel Desailly, French footballer
• 1969 – Diane Farr, American actress
• 1969 – Angie Everhart, American actress
• 1972 – Slug, American rapper
• 1972 – Simon Nash, English voice actor
• 1973 – Shannon Elizabeth, American actress and poker player
• 1974 – Mario Frick, Liechtenstein footballer
• 1974 – Stéphane Henchoz, Swiss footballer
• 1975 – Norifumi Abe, Japanese motorcycle racer (d. 2007)
• 1975 – Harold Wallace, Costa Rican footballer

• 1978 – Erwin Koen, Dutch footballer
• 1980 – Javad Nekounam, Iranian footballer
• 1980 – Emre Belozoglu, Turkish footballer
• 1980 – Gabriel Milito, Argentine footballer
• 1981 – Natalie McGarry, Scottish politician
• 1983 – Piri Weepu, New Zealand rugby player
• 1983 – Mehmet Topuz, Turkish footballer
• 1984 – Ben Hollingsworth, Canadian actor
• 1984 – Farveez Maharoof, Sri Lankan cricketer
• 1984 – Vera Zvonareva, Russian tennis player
• 1985 – Rafinha, Brazilian footballer
• 1987 – Evan Rachel Wood, American actress
• 1987 – Robert Snodgrass, Scottish footballer
• 1988 – Kevin Love, American basketball player
• 1990 – Tanja Kolbe, German ice dancer
• 1990 – Alex Harvey, Canadian cross-country skier
• 1991 – Jennifer Veal, English actress and comedienne
• 1991 – Amar Garibovic, Serbian skier (d. 2010)
• 1992 – Kristina Vaculik, Canadian gymnast
• 1994 – Elinor Barker, Welsh cyclist
• 1994 – Kento Yamazaki, Japanese actor and model
• 1995 – Sahaj Grover, Indian chess player
• 1999 – Michelle Creber, Canadian actress, singer, and dancer
• 1999 – Cameron Ocasio, American actor

• 251 – Sima Yi, Chinese strategist, general and politician
• 355 – Claudius Silvanus, Roman usurper
• 1134 – King Alfonso I of Aragon
• 1151 – Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou (b. 1113)
• 1312 – Ferdinand IV of Castile (b. 1285)
• 1464 – Frederick II, Elector of Saxony (b. 1412)
• 1496 – King Ferdinand II of Naples (b. 1469)
• 1539 – Guru Nanak Dev, Indian religious leader, founder of Sikhism (b. 1469)
• 1548 – Catherine Parr, sixth wife of Henry VIII of England
• 1552 – Guru Angad Dev, 2nd Sikh Guru (b. 1504)
• 1573 – Joanna of Austria, Regent of Spain (b. 1535)
• 1632 – Emperor Susenyos of Ethiopia (b. 1572)
• 1644 – Guido Bentivoglio, Italian statesman (b. 1579)
• 1657 – Arvid Wittenberg, Swedish count, field marshal and privy councillor (b. 1606)
• 1685 – William Carpenter, English-American settler, co-founder of Rhode Island (b. 1605)
• 1708 – Emperor Tekle Haymanot I of Ethiopia (b. 1706)
• 1731 – Eudoxia Lopukhina, Russian wife of Peter the Great (b. 1669)
• 1741 – Blas de Lezo, Spanish admiral (b. 1689)
• 1783 – Leonhard Euler, Swiss mathematician and physicist (b. 1707)
• 1799 – Louis Guillaume Lemonnier, French botanist (b. 1717)
• 1809 – Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke, King of Thailand (b. 1737)
• 1809 – Caroline Schelling, German writer and translator (b. 1763)
• 1833 – Hannah More, English poet, playwright and philanthropist (b. 1745)
• 1871 – Kimenzan Tanigoro, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1826)
• 1881 – Sidney Lanier, American poet and academic (b. 1842)
• 1891 – Lorenzo Sawyer, American lawyer and judge (b. 1820)
• 1892 – John Greenleaf Whittier, American poet (b. 1807)
• 1893 – Hamilton Fish, United States Secretary of State (b. 1808)

• 1902 – Enrique Gaspar y Rimbau, Spanish writer and diplomat (b. 1842)
• 1909 – Eugene Lefebvre, French aviator (b. 1878)
• 1910 – William Holman Hunt, English painter (b. 1827)
• 1920 – Simon Napoleon Parent, 12th Premier of Quebec (b. 1855)
• 1951 – Maria Montez, Dominican actress (b. 1912)
• 1953 – Nobuyuki Abe, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1875)
• 1956 – C. B. Fry, English cricketer, politician and academic (b. 1872)
• 1959 – Maurice Duplessis, Quebec politician (b. 1890)
• 1960 – Wilhelm Pieck, East German politician (b. 1876)
• 1961 – Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy, Dutch lawyer, jurist and politician (b. 1885)
• 1962 – Eiji Yoshikawa, Japanese novelist (b. 1892)
• 1962 – Kirsten Flagstad, Norwegian singer (b. 1895)
• 1962 – Karen Blixen, Danish writer (b. 1885)
• 1969 – Everett Dirksen, American politician (b. 1896)
• 1978 – Keith Moon, English drummer (The Who) (b. 1946)
• 1989 – Mikhail Goldstein, Soviet violinist and composer (b. 1917)
• 1994 – Dennis Morgan, American actor (b. 1908)
• 1994 – Terence Young, American director and screenwriter (b. 1915)
• 1998 – Mobutu Sese Seko, leader of Zaire (b. 1930)

• 2001 – Spede Pasanen, Finnish television personality (b. 1930)
• 2002 – Erma Franklin, American singer (b. 1938)
• 2004 – Bob Boyd, American baseball player (b. 1925)
• 2007 – John Compton, Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (b. 1925)
• 2010 – Amar Garibovic, Serbian skier (b. 1991)
• 2011 – Victims of the Lokomotiv Yaroslavl plane crash, including:
  • Pavol Demitra, Slovakian ice hockey player (b. 1974)
  • Stefan Liv, Polish-born Swedish ice hockey player (b. 1980)
  • Karel Rachunek, Czech ice hockey player (b. 1979)
  • Ruslan Salei, Belarusian ice hockey player (b. 1974)
  • Karlis Skrastins, Latvian ice hockey player (b. 1974)
  • Jan Marek, Czech ice hockey player (b. 1979)
  • Brad McCrimmon, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1959)
  • Robert Dietrich, German ice hockey player (b. 1986)
  • Sergei Ostapchuk, Belarusian ice hockey player (b. 1990)
  • Alexander Karpovtsev, Russian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1970)
  • Josef Vasicek, Czech ice hockey player (b. 1980)
  • Igor Korolev, Russian-Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1970)
• 2012 – Leszek Drogosz, Polish boxer and actor (b. 1933)
• 2013 – Marek Spilar, Slovakian footballer (b. 1975)
• 2014 – Kwon Ri-se, South Korean singer (b. 1991)
• 2014 – Fanny Godin, Belgian supercentenarian (b. 1902)
• 2014 – Raul M. Gonzalez, Filipino teacher and politician (b. 1930)
• 2014 – Don Keefer, American actor (b. 1916)
• 2014 – Harold Shipp, Canadian businessman (b. 1926)
• 2014 – Harry Evans, Australian public servant (b. 1946)
• 2014 – Elsa-Marianne von Rosen, Swedish ballet dancer, choreographer and actress (b. 1924)
• 2015 – Candida Royalle, American pornographic actress (b. 1950)
• 2015 – Susan Allen, American harpist (b. 1951)
• 2017 – Jeremiah Goodman, American illustrator (b. 1922)
• 2017 – Kim Ki-duk, South Korean film director and producer (b. 1934)
• 2017 – Gene Michael, American baseball player (b. 1938)
• 2018 – Samuel Bodman, American politician (b. 1938)
• 2018 – Mac Miller, American rapper (b. 1992)
• 2018 – Yang Side, Chinese general (b. 1921)
• 2018 – Kurt Helmudt, Danish rower (b. 1943)
• 2018 – Ingemar Mundebo, Swedish politician (b. 1930)
• 2018 – Szarlota Pawel, Polish comic book artist (b. 1947)
• 2019 – Robert Axelrod, American actor (b. 1949)
• 2019 – Roger Boutry, French composer and conductor (b. 1932)
• 2019 – Al Carmichael, American football player and stuntman (b. 1928)
• 2019 – Naiyyum Choudhury, Bangladeshi biochemist (b. 1946)
• 2019 – Peter Nichols, British playwright (b. 1927)
• 2019 – Charlie Silvera, American baseball player (b. 1924)
• 2019 – John Wesley, American actor (b. 1947)

• National Day of Brazil
• National Threatened Species Day (Australia)
• Victory Day (Mozambique)