^ 6.06.1Frykenberg 2008，第178–220頁 harvnb模板錯誤: 無指向目標: CITEREFFrykenberg2008 (幫助): "This essay attempts to show how — from an analytical or from an historical perspective — Hindutva is a melding of Hindu fascism and Hindu fundamentalism."
^Chetan Bhatt; Parita Mukta. Hindutva in the West: Mapping the Antinomies of Diaspora Nationalism. Ethnic and Racial Studies. May 2000, 23 (3): 407–441. S2CID 143287533. doi:10.1080/014198700328935. Quote: "It is also argued that the distinctively Indian aspects of Hindu nationalism, and the RSS's disavowal of the seizure of state power in preference for long-term cultural labour in civil society, suggests a strong distance from both German Nazism and Italian Fascism. Part of the problem in attempting to classify Golwalkar's or Savarkar's Hindu nationalism within the typology of 'generic fascism', Nazism, racism and ethnic or cultural nationalism is the unavailability of an appropriate theoretical orientation and vocabulary for varieties of revolutionary conservatism and far-right-wing ethnic and religious absolutist movements in 'Third World' countries".
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